Toward the production of block copolymers in microbial cells: achievements and perspectives.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
; 108(1): 164, 2024 Jan 22.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38252290
ABSTRACT
The microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) block copolymers has attracted research interests because they can be expected to exhibit excellent physical properties. Although post-polymerization conjugation and/or extension have been used for PHA block copolymer synthesis, the discovery of the first sequence-regulating PHA synthase, PhaCAR, enabled the direct synthesis of PHA-PHA type block copolymers in microbial cells. PhaCAR spontaneously synthesizes block copolymers from a mixture of substrates. To date, Escherichia coli and Ralstonia eutropha have been used as host strains, and therefore, sequence regulation is not a host-specific phenomenon. The monomer sequence greatly influences the physical properties of the polymer. For example, a random copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 2-hydroxybutyrate deforms plastically, while a block copolymer of approximately the same composition exhibits elastic deformation. The structure of the PHA block copolymer can be expanded by in vitro evolution of the sequence-regulating PHA synthase. An engineered variant of PhaCAR can synthesize poly(D-lactate) as a block copolymer component, which allows for greater flexibility in the molecular design of block copolymers. Therefore, creating sequence-regulating PHA synthases with a further broadened substrate range will expand the variety of properties of PHA materials. This review summarizes and discusses the sequence-regulating PHA synthase, analytical methods for verifying block sequence, properties of block copolymers, and mechanisms of sequence regulation. KEY POINTS ⢠Spontaneous monomer sequence regulation generates block copolymers ⢠Poly(D-lactate) segment can be synthesized using a block copolymerization system ⢠Block copolymers exhibit characteristic properties.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Cupriavidus necator
/
Polihidroxialcanoatos
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Japón