Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A review.
Acta Paediatr
; 113(9): 2011-2023, 2024 Sep.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38714363
ABSTRACT
AIM:
To comprehensively review the literature on multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).METHODS:
Narrative review of relevant studies published between April 2020 and January 2024.RESULTS:
MIS-C is a SARS-CoV-2-related hyperinflammatory syndrome developing 2-6 weeks after COVID-19 in genetically susceptible individuals. Persisting fever, mucocutaneous manifestations, GI and cardiac involvement, together with lymphopenia and elevated inflammatory and cardiac markers are the main clinical features. It is believed to recognise some pathogenetic and clinical overlap with Kawasaki disease. New case definitions have been proposed after an assessment of the diagnostic performance of existing criteria; epidemiological criterion is however progressively losing its usefulness as the pandemic turns into an endemic and in the areas with the highest rates of COVID-19 vaccination. Current guidelines recommend both intravenous immunoglobulin and glucocorticoids in the first-line immunomodulatory treatment, mainly based on comparative retrospective cohorts; the actual role of biologics remains to be adequately established. Strict follow-up is mandatory, especially for those with severe cardiac involvement, as longitudinal studies evaluate the long-term evolution of cardiac damage.CONCLUSION:
In this paper, we review the epidemiological, pathogenetic, clinical and prognostic features of MIS-C, and outline the main questions which still remain unanswered after more than 3 years of research.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Síndrome de Respuesta Inflamatoria Sistémica
/
COVID-19
Límite:
Child
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Acta Paediatr
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Italia