Molecular mechanisms of circular RNA translation.
Exp Mol Med
; 2024 Jun 14.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38871818
ABSTRACT
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed single-stranded RNAs without a 5' cap structure and a 3' poly(A) tail typically present in linear mRNAs of eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs are predominantly generated through a back-splicing process within the nucleus. CircRNAs have long been considered non-coding RNAs seemingly devoid of protein-coding potential. However, many recent studies have challenged this idea and have provided substantial evidence that a subset of circRNAs can associate with polysomes and indeed be translated. Therefore, in this review, we primarily highlight the 5' cap-independent internal initiation of translation that occurs on circular RNAs. Several molecular features of circRNAs, including the internal ribosome entry site, N6-methyladenosine modification, and the exon junction complex deposited around the back-splicing junction after back-splicing event, play pivotal roles in their efficient internal translation. We also propose a possible relationship between the translatability of circRNAs and their stability, with a focus on nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and nonstop decay, both of which are well-characterized mRNA surveillance mechanisms. An in-depth understanding of circRNA translation will reshape and expand our current knowledge of proteomics.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Exp Mol Med
Asunto de la revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
/
BIOQUIMICA
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article