Environmental implications of superoxide radicals: From natural processes to engineering applications.
Water Res
; 261: 122023, 2024 Sep 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38991243
ABSTRACT
The roles of superoxide radical (O2â¢-) in the domains of physiological, physical, and material chemistry are becoming increasingly recognized. Although extensive efforts have been directed to understand O2â¢- functions in diverse aquatic systems, there is a lack of systematic and in-depth review for its kinetics and mechanisms in various environmental scenarios. This review aims to bridge this gap through discussion of O2â¢- generation pathways under both natural and controlled conditions. The merits and limitations of the generation and detection methods under various conditions are compared, with emphasis on different approaches for the determination of O2â¢--triggered reaction kinetics. We summarize the reaction rate constants of O2â¢- with organic contaminants covering a wide diversity of structures and reactivity. The comparison indicates that O2â¢- exhibits weak reactivity with most contaminants and lacks selectivity towards compounds with different functional groups, except with quinones which exhibit higher reactivity compared to non-quinones. Further, the reaction mechanisms, namely single electron transfer, nucleophilic substitution, hydrogen atom abstraction, and radical-adduct formation, are critically evaluated. Various environmental implications of O2â¢- are highlighted including maintenance of biogeochemical iron cycle, synthesis of nanoparticles for antibacterial purposes, desorption of contaminants from heterogeneous interfaces, and synergetic degradation of contaminants.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Superóxidos
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Water Res
/
Water res
/
Water research
Año:
2024
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China