[Epidemiological estimation of the effectiveness of the pertussis vaccination during outbreaks in a community. Les pédiatres et bactériologistes du réseau RENACOQ]. / Estimation épidémiologique de l'efficacité de la vaccination anticoquelucheuse au cours d'épidémies en collectivité. Les pédiatres et bactériologistes du réseau RENACOQ.
Arch Pediatr
; 4(8): 744-50, 1997 Aug.
Article
en Fr
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-9337897
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
With the recent pertussis vaccine trials, the efficacy of acellular vaccines is now well known, estimated at 85% for multicomponent vaccines. On the other hand, the estimates of whole cell vaccines efficacy varies from 36% to 98% with the different vaccines used. We evaluated the field effectiveness of the French whole cell pertussis vaccine during outbreaks in schools and centers for disabled children.METHODS:
Four limited outbreaks between 1993 and 1995 were investigated using a retrospective cohort study design. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was assessed for the following case definition clinical pertussis, laboratory-confirmed pertussis, epidemiologically confirmed pertussis (documented contact with a laboratory confirmed case). Immunization history was obtained by reviewing the child health record book. Effectiveness of a whole vaccination (four injections) and of a partial vaccination (one to three injections) were estimated as 1-(attack rate among vaccinated/attack rate among non-vaccinated).RESULTS:
A whole immunization conferred good protection against pertussis with an estimated VE higher than 92% in three surveys, lower in the fourth survey (84%) in which antibiotic prophylaxis was set up very rapidly. A partial immunization conferred a mild protection (median 60%).CONCLUSIONS:
These results are consistent with a previous report about the effectiveness of this whole cell vaccine using the screening method in a hospital network survey in France. In the same way, a large efficacy trial in Senegal comparing it with an acellular bivalent vaccine estimated its efficacy at 96%. This high efficacy together with a satisfactory vaccine coverage leads to the current epidemiological profile of pertussis in childhood in France majority of cases occurring before 6 months of age, limited outbreaks in school children, many of whom being unvaccinated or partially vaccinated.
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Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Vacuna contra la Tos Ferina
/
Tos Ferina
/
Brotes de Enfermedades
/
Vacunación
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adolescent
/
Child
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Child, preschool
/
Humans
País/Región como asunto:
Europa
Idioma:
Fr
Revista:
Arch Pediatr
Año:
1997
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Francia