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1.
Medicine (Baltimore) ; 103(36): e38572, 2024 Sep 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39252293

RESUMO

To investigate the treatment outcomes of combined internal and external fixation surgery for patients with posterior lateral tibial plateau fractures and explore its safety. The study was conducted from February 2020 to February 2023 and included a total of 77 patients with Schatzker IV and Schatzker V type posterior lateral tibial plateau fractures. Patients were divided into control group and treatment group according to different treatment methods: the control group with 38 cases received treatment with dual-support plates, and the study group with 39 cases received treatment with internal fixation using medial plates combined with lateral locking plates. Clinical indicators during treatment, immediate postoperative and 12-month postoperative radiographic indicators, Rasmussen knee joint function scores before and 3 months after surgery, knee joint function recovery, quality of life, and postoperative complications were recorded and compared between the 2 groups. The inter-group comparisons were made for intraoperative blood loss, surgical duration, and the time to start weight-bearing postoperatively (P > .05). The study group had shorter postoperative hospital stays and fracture healing times compared to the control group (P < .05). Immediately postoperatively, the medial tilt angle and posterior tilt angle in both groups were compared (P > .05). At 12 months postoperatively, the medial tilt angle decreased and the posterior tilt angle increased in both groups compared to immediately postoperative values (P < .05), with no significant difference between the groups (P > .05). However, at 3 months postoperatively, the scores for various dimensions in both groups increased compared to preoperative values, and the study group had higher scores than the control group (P < .05). However, at 3 months postoperatively, the quality of life scores were higher than preoperative values in both groups, with the study group having higher scores (P < .05). The occurrence of complications during the treatment period was compared between the 2 groups (P > .05). The medial and lateral combined plate fixation has a good clinical effect in the treatment of posterolateral tibial plateau fractures, which can shorten the fracture healing time, help the recovery of knee joint function and improve the quality of life of patients after operation, and has high safety in the treatment process.


Assuntos
Placas Ósseas , Fixação Interna de Fraturas , Fraturas da Tíbia , Humanos , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Resultado do Tratamento , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fixação de Fratura/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida , Consolidação da Fratura , Fixadores Externos , Fraturas do Planalto Tibial
2.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord ; 25(1): 622, 2024 Aug 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39103800

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The management of length-unstable femoral shaft fractures(LUFSFs) in pediatric patients is still controversial. This study aims to explore the clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided closed reduction combined with external fixation for treating LUFSFs in children. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 19 pediatric patients with LUFSFs who underwent ultrasound-guided closed reduction and external fixation between January 2018 and January 2023. Ultrasound was employed not only to facilitate closed reduction of the fracture but also to guide real-time insertion of Schanz pins and monitor pin length as it traversed the opposite cortex. Surgical time, intraoperative fluoroscopy count, hospital stay length, fracture fixation duration, complication incidence, fracture reduction quality at the final follow-up were recorded. RESULTS: The patients' average age was 7.5 years( range: 5 to 11 years). The mean surgical duration was 70.4 min (range: 48-105 min), and the average intraoperative fluoroscopy count was 6.5 (range: 2-16). Fracture fixation lasted an average of 10.9 weeks (range: 7-20 weeks). All patients were followed up for more than one year. 6 cases of superficial pin tract infection occurred, which resolved with oral antibiotics and enhanced needle tract care. No deep infections were observed. Temporary stiffness of the knee joint was observed in 2 patients. According to Flynn's efficacy evaluation system, fracture reduction quality at the final follow-up was rated as excellent in 11 cases and satisfactory in 8 cases, yielding a combined success rate of 100% (19/19). CONCLUSIONS: The technique of ultrasound-guided closed reduction combined with external fixation offers favorable outcomes for children aged 5 to 11 years with LUFSFs, reducing reliance on fluoroscopic guidance.


Assuntos
Fraturas do Fêmur , Fixação de Fratura , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção , Humanos , Criança , Estudos Retrospectivos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Fraturas do Fêmur/cirurgia , Fraturas do Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção/métodos , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Redução Fechada/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Pinos Ortopédicos , Duração da Cirurgia
3.
J Orthop Trauma ; 38(9): 510-514, 2024 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39150302

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To report on adverse events during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with external fixators. METHODS: . DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Two Level 1 trauma centers. PATIENT SELECTION CRITERIA: Patients with external fixators on the appendicular skeleton or pelvis undergoing MRI between January 2005 and September 2023. OUTCOME MEASURES AND COMPARISONS: Adverse events, defined as any undesirable event associated with the external fixator being inside or outside the MRI bore during imaging, including (subjective) heating, displacement or pullout of the external fixator, or early MRI termination for any reason. RESULTS: A total of 97 patients with 110 external fixators underwent at least one MRI scan with an external fixator inside or outside of the MRI bore. The median age was 51 years (interquartile range: 39-63) and 56 (58%) were male. The most common external fixator locations were the ankle (24%), knee (21%), femur (21%), and pelvis (19%). The median duration of the MRI was 40 minutes (interquartile range: 26-58), 86% was performed using 1.5-Tesla MRI, and 14% was performed using 3.0-Tesla MRI. Ninety-five percent of MRI was performed for the cervical spine/head. Two MRI scans (1.6%), one of the shoulder and one of the head and cervical spine, with the external fixator outside of the bore were terminated early because of patient discomfort. There were no documented events of displacement or pullout of the external fixator. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that MRI scans of the (cervical) spine and head can be safely obtained in patients with external fixators on the appendicular skeleton or pelvis. Given the low numbers of MRI scans performed with the external fixator inside the bore, additional studies are necessitated to determine the safety of this procedure. The results from this study can aid orthopaedic surgeons, radiologists, and other stakeholders in developing local institutional guidelines on MRI scanning with external fixators in situ. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.


Assuntos
Fixadores Externos , Fraturas Ósseas , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Segurança do Paciente , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Feminino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto , Fraturas Ósseas/cirurgia , Fraturas Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Centros de Traumatologia
4.
Trials ; 25(1): 544, 2024 Aug 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39152494

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Currently, non- or minimally displaced distal radius fractures are treated by 3 to 5 weeks of cast immobilisation. Many patients with a distal radius fracture suffer from long-term functional restrictions, which might be related to stiffness due to cast immobilisation. Current literature indicates that 1 week of immobilisation might be safe; however, no level 1 evidence is available. This trial aims to compare 1 week of brace immobilisation with 3 weeks of cast immobilisation in patients with distal radius fractures that do not need reduction. METHODS: The aim of this trial is to evaluate the non-inferiority of 1 week of brace immobilisation in patients with non- or minimally displaced distal radius fractures. A two-armed single blinded multicentre randomised clinical trial will be conducted in three hospitals. Adult patients, between 18 and 50 years old, independent for activities of daily living, with a non- or minimally displaced distal radius fracture can be included in this study. The intervention group is treated with 1 week of brace immobilisation, and the control group with 3 weeks of cast immobilisation. Primary outcome is the patient-reported outcome measured by the Patient-Related Wrist Evaluation score (PRWE) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes are patient-reported outcome measured by the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score at 6 weeks and 6 months, PRWE at 6 weeks, range of motion, patient-reported pain score measured by VAS score, radiological outcome (dorsal/volar tilt, radial height, ulnar variance, presence of intra-articular step off), complications and cost-effectiveness measured by the EuroQol 5 Dimension questionnaire, Medical Consumption Questionnaire and Productivity Cost Questionnaire. DISCUSSION: This study will provide evidence on the optimal period of immobilisation in non-operatively treated displaced and reduced distal radius fractures. Both treatment options are accepted treatment protocols and both treatment options have a low risk of complications. Follow-up will be according to the current treatment protocol. This study will provide level 1 evidence on the optimal period and way of immobilisation for non- or minimally displaced distal radius fractures in adult patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ABR 81638 | NL81638.029.22 | www.toetsingonline.nl . 18th of October 2023.


Assuntos
Fixação de Fratura , Fraturas do Rádio , Fraturas do Punho , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Braquetes , Moldes Cirúrgicos , Análise Custo-Benefício , Estudos de Equivalência como Asunto , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Imobilização/métodos , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Fraturas do Rádio/terapia , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Método Simples-Cego , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Fraturas do Punho/terapia , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto
5.
Age Ageing ; 53(8)2024 Aug 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39193720

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The optimal treatment for odontoid fractures in older people remains debated. Odontoid fractures are increasingly relevant to clinical practice due to ageing of the population. METHODS: An international prospective comparative study was conducted in fifteen European centres, involving patients aged ≥55 years with type II/III odontoid fractures. The surgeon and patient jointly decided on the applied treatment. Surgical and conservative treatments were compared. Primary outcomes were Neck Disability Index (NDI) improvement, fracture union and stability at 52 weeks. Secondary outcomes were Visual Analogue Scale neck pain, Likert patient-perceived recovery and EuroQol-5D-3L at 52 weeks. Subgroup analyses considered age, type II and displaced fractures. Multivariable regression analyses adjusted for age, gender and fracture characteristics. RESULTS: The study included 276 patients, of which 144 (52%) were treated surgically and 132 (48%) conservatively (mean (SD) age 77.3 (9.1) vs. 76.6 (9.7), P = 0.56). NDI improvement was largely similar between surgical and conservative treatments (mean (SE) -11 (2.4) vs. -14 (1.8), P = 0.08), as were union (86% vs. 78%, aOR 2.3, 95% CI 0.97-5.7) and stability (99% vs. 98%, aOR NA). NDI improvement did not differ between patients with union and persistent non-union (mean (SE) -13 (2.0) vs. -12 (2.8), P = 0.78). There was no difference for any of the secondary outcomes or subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical outcome and fracture healing at 52 weeks were similar between treatments. Clinical outcome and fracture union were not associated. Treatments should prioritize favourable clinical over radiological outcomes.


Assuntos
Tratamento Conservador , Processo Odontoide , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral , Humanos , Idoso , Feminino , Masculino , Processo Odontoide/lesões , Processo Odontoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Processo Odontoide/cirurgia , Estudos Prospectivos , Tratamento Conservador/métodos , Tratamento Conservador/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/terapia , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Europa (Continente) , Consolidação da Fratura , Fatores Etários , Avaliação da Deficiência , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor , Fatores de Tempo , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Cervicalgia/terapia
6.
Vasa ; 53(5): 314-325, 2024 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39052442

RESUMO

Background: This study aims to analyse the efficacy and safety of aspirin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or fracture. Patients and methods: Two independent investigators searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and ClinicalTrials.gov from January 2000 to June 2023 to retrieve randomized control trials (RCTs) about aspirin in VTE prevention after arthroplasty or fracture. Then, the relative risk (RR) was utilized to evaluate its efficiency and safety. Results: A total of 16 RCTs with 27,864 patients were included. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of deep-vein thrombosis (RR: 1.31, p = 0.100), pulmonary embolism (RR:1.05, p = 0.850), VTE (RR:1.28, p = 0.290), major bleeding (RR:0.96, p = 0.900), and death (RR:1.01, p = 0.960) between the aspirin group and the anticoagulants group. Subgroup analysis showed that a relatively higher incidence of deep-vein thrombosis in patients undergoing TKA (RR:1.49, p = 0.030), fracture (RR:1.48, p = 0.001), patients receiving 81 mg aspirin twice daily (RR:1.48, p = 0.001) and patients from North America (RR:1.57, p<0.001) when comparing aspirin with anticoagulants. Meanwhile, the incidence of VTE was higher in patients receiving 100 mg aspirin once daily (RR:1.82, p<0.001) compared with anticoagulants. Additionally, the incidence of all bleeding (RR:2.00, p = 0.030) was higher in patients receiving aspirin in Asia compared with anticoagulants. Conclusions: In terms of clinical effectiveness and safety, aspirin (antiplatelet agent) was generally not inferior to anticoagulants in the prevention of VTE after THA, TKA, or fracture. Notably, the clinical effectiveness of aspirin was affected by different surgical types, the doses of aspirin and races.


Assuntos
Artroplastia de Quadril , Artroplastia do Joelho , Aspirina , Tromboembolia Venosa , Humanos , Aspirina/efeitos adversos , Aspirina/uso terapêutico , Aspirina/administração & dosagem , Tromboembolia Venosa/prevenção & controle , Tromboembolia Venosa/etiologia , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Artroplastia de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Resultado do Tratamento , Fatores de Risco , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Medição de Risco , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/efeitos adversos , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/uso terapêutico , Hemorragia/induzido quimicamente , Fixação de Fratura/efeitos adversos , Fibrinolíticos/efeitos adversos , Fibrinolíticos/administração & dosagem , Anticoagulantes/efeitos adversos , Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Fraturas Ósseas
7.
Chin J Traumatol ; 27(5): 254-262, 2024 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39079771

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Shaping and assembling contemporary external fixators rapidly for the severe mandibular fractures remains a challenge, especially in emergency circumstance. We designed a novel external fixator that incorporates universal joints to provide the stabilization for mandibular comminuted fractures. This study aims to confirm the efficacy of this novel external fixator through biomechanical tests in vitro and animal experiments. METHODS: In vitro biomechanical tests were conducted using 6 fresh canine with mandibular defect to simulate critical comminuted fractures. Three mandibles were stabilized by the novel external fixator and other mandibles were fixed by 2.5 mm reconstruction plates. All fixed mandibles were subjected to loads of 350 N on the anterior regions of teeth and 550 N on the first molar of the unaffected side. The stability was evaluated based on the maximum displacement and the slope of the load-displacement curve. In animal experiments, 9 beagles with comminuted mandibular fractures were divided into 3 groups, which were treated with the novel external fixation, reconstruction plate, and dental arch bar, respectively. The general observation, the changes in animals' weight, and the surgical duration were recorded and compared among 3 groups. The CT scans were performed at various intervals of 0 day (immediately after the surgery), 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days to analyze the displacement of feature points on the canine mandible and situation of fracture healing at 28 days. The statistical significance was assessed by the two-way analysis of variance test followed by the Bonferroni test, enabling multiple comparisons for all tests using GraphPad Prism10.1.0 (GraphPad Inc, USA). RESULTS: The outcomes of the biomechanical tests indicated that no statistically significant differences were found in terms of the maximum displacement (p = 0.496, 0.079) and the slope of load displacement curves (p = 0.374, 0.349) under 2 load modes between the external and internal fixation groups. The animal experiment data showed that there were minor displacements of feature points between the external and internal fixation groups without statistic difference, while the arch bar group demonstrated inferior stability. The CT analysis revealed that the best fracture healing happened in the internal fixation group, followed by the external fixation and arch baring at 28 days after fixation. The external fixation group had the shortest fixation duration (25.67 ± 3.79) min compared to internal fixation ((70.67 ± 4.51) min, p < 0.001) and arch baring ((42.00 ± 3.00) min, p = 0.046). CONCLUSION: The conclusion of this study highlighted the efficacy and reliability of this novel external fixator in managing mandibular fractures rapidly, offering a viable option for the initial stabilization of comminuted mandibular fractures in the setting of emergency rescue.


Assuntos
Fixadores Externos , Fixação de Fratura , Fraturas Cominutivas , Fraturas Mandibulares , Animais , Fraturas Mandibulares/cirurgia , Fraturas Mandibulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Cominutivas/cirurgia , Cães , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fenômenos Biomecânicos
8.
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi ; 38(7): 862-866, 2024 Jul 15.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39013825

RESUMO

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of external fixator combined with Kirschner wire (EF-KW) fixation in the treatment of oblique and comminuted distal humeral metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction (DHMDJ) fractures in children. Methods: A clinical data of 22 children with DHMDJ fractures who met the selection criteria between April 2021 and December 2023 was retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with EF-KW fixation. There were 14 boys and 8 girls with an average age of 6.8 years (range, 1.5-12.0 years). The time from injury to operation was 14-38 hours (mean, 24.2 hours). There were 18 cases of comminuted fractures and 4 cases of oblique fractures; and 1 case of median nerve injury and 1 case of radial nerve injury before operation. The occurrence of postoperative complications was recorded. At last follow-up, the function of the affected elbow joint was evaluated according to the Mayo elbow joint function score, and the Baumann's angle (BA) and humero-capitellar angle (HCA) of the affected and healthy sides were recorded and compared. Results: All fractures were successfully treated with closed reduction and no complications such as nerve injury occurred. Superficial infection occurred in 4 cases after operation and healed after symptomatic treatment. The incisions of other patients healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 9-24 months (mean, 13.8 months). At last follow-up, according to the Mayo elbow joint function score, the elbow joint function was rated as excellent in 15 cases, good in 6 cases, and fair in 1 case, with an excellent and good rate of 95.5%. The neurologic injury before operation recovered gradually. X-ray films reexamination showed that all fractures healed, and the healing time of fractures ranged from 29 to 61 days, with an average of 35.6 days. At last follow-up, there was no significant difference in BA and HCA between the healthy side and the affected side ( P>0.05). During follow-up, 1 case developed mild cubitus varus, while the other patients had no serious complications. Conclusion: EF-KW fixation for oblique and comminuted DHMDJ fractures in children has the advantages of less trauma, simple operation, easy reduction, good stability after reduction, low incidence of serious complications, and good elbow functional recovery.


Assuntos
Fios Ortopédicos , Fixadores Externos , Fraturas Cominutivas , Fraturas do Úmero , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Fraturas do Úmero/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fraturas Cominutivas/cirurgia , Pré-Escolar , Lactente , Resultado do Tratamento , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Articulação do Cotovelo/cirurgia , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Consolidação da Fratura , Diáfises/lesões , Diáfises/cirurgia
9.
Injury ; 55 Suppl 1: 111477, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39069345

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Treatment options for open tibial shaft fractures include external fixation with or without early conversion to internal fixation. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe 1) early conversion to internal fixation and definitive external fixation and 2) in case of conversion, to identify risk factors for complications. METHODS: Seventy-two external fixations of open fractures of the tibial shaft (Gustilo classification, 7 fractures (9.7 %) grade I, 25 fractures (34.7 %) grade II, 40 fractures (55.6 %) grade III (31 grade IIIA and 9 grade IIIB)) were included in a continuous non-randomised study. Thirty-three fractures without infection signs were converted to internal fixation at a mean time of 40.5 +/-15 days (IF group). External fixation was maintened in the remaining 39 fractures (EF group). RESULTS: In the "IF" group, the union rate was 69.7 % at 6.3 +/-3.6 months (3-16). All patients had complete union at 16 months, requiring 2.8 +/-0.8 reoperations. Fixation with external fixation only ("EF" group) showed a union rate of 51.3 % at 8.9 +/-4 (5-22) months and 96 % at 16 months after 3.7 +/-0.9 reoperations. Superficial infection (12.1 %; p = 0.011) and numerous surgeries (2.76; p = 0.004) were found to be risk factors for deep infection. Time to wound closure >7 days (p = 0.049), time to reoperation >28 days (p = 0.00), numerous surgeries (2.76; p = 0.004) and deep infection (6.1 %; p = 0.027) were found to be union failure factors. CONCLUSION: Early conversion of external fixation to internal fixation is an effective option to achieve bone union of open tibial fractures in selected patients.


Assuntos
Fixadores Externos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas , Fixação de Fratura , Consolidação da Fratura , Fraturas Expostas , Fraturas da Tíbia , Humanos , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Fraturas Expostas/cirurgia , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Reoperação/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Fatores de Tempo , Fatores de Risco , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Adulto Jovem
10.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg ; 32(14): e683-e694, 2024 Jul 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38967987

RESUMO

Surgical fixation of pediatric pelvic ring injuries is gaining popularity to avoid the poor long-term outcomes of pelvic asymmetry. The surgical techniques and fixation choices depend on the individual injuries affecting the anterior and posterior pelvic ring areas. The immature bony pelvis of young children has anatomic differences including soft bones, elastic ligaments, and the presence of growth centers. Understanding the unique pediatric lesions with unstable pelvic fractures is essential for treatment decisions. Anterior lesions include pubic symphysis disruption through the pubic apophysis, single ramus fractures, pubic rami fractures through the triradiate cartilage, and/or the ischiopubic synchondrosis; ischiopubic ramus infolding injury; or the unstable superior and inferior quadrant lesions. Posterior pelvic lesions include iliac wing infolding and sacroiliac joint dislocation or transiliac (crescent) fracture/dislocations through the iliac apophysis growth plate. Pubic symphysis and sacroiliac disruptions are physeal injuries in children, and they have excellent healing potential. External fixation is an ideal choice for anterior ring fixation including bony and pubic symphysis injuries. Posterior lesions are mostly sacroiliac joint disruptions with iliac apophysis separation that can serve as a landmark for vertical displacement correction. Posterior lesions can be treated by percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation or open reduction techniques.


Assuntos
Fraturas Ósseas , Ossos Pélvicos , Humanos , Fraturas Ósseas/cirurgia , Fraturas Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Ossos Pélvicos/lesões , Ossos Pélvicos/cirurgia , Criança , Articulação Sacroilíaca/lesões , Articulação Sacroilíaca/cirurgia , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Sínfise Pubiana/lesões
11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39042502

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Pediatric fractures are common in Malawi, and surgical care, when needed, remains inaccessible to many. Understanding which children in Malawi receive surgery or nonsurgical treatment would help set priorities for trauma system development. METHODS: We used multivariate logistic regression to evaluate associations between surgical treatment and age, sex, school enrollment, injury mechanism, fracture type, open fracture, referral status, hospital of presentation, delayed presentation (≥2 days), healthcare provider, and inpatient vs outpatient treatment. RESULTS: From 2016 to 2020, 10,400 pediatric fractures were recorded in the Malawi Fracture Registry. Fractures were most commonly of the wrist (26%), forearm (17%), and elbow (14%). Surgical fixation was performed on 4.0% of patients, and 24 (13.0%) open fractures were treated nonsurgically, without débridement or fixation. Fractures of the proximal and diaphyseal humerus (odds ratio [OR], 3.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.36 to 5.87), knee (OR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.68 to 5.95), and ankle (OR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.49 to 4.63) had highest odds of surgery. Odds of surgical treatment were lower for children referred from another facility (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.77). CONCLUSIONS: Most Malawian children with fractures are treated nonsurgically, including many who may benefit from surgery. There is a need to increase surgical capacity, optimize referral patterns, and standardize fracture management in Malawi.


Assuntos
Fraturas Ósseas , Humanos , Malaui/epidemiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Fraturas Ósseas/cirurgia , Fraturas Ósseas/epidemiologia , Fraturas Ósseas/terapia , Lactente , Adolescente , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Sistema de Registros , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Fraturas Expostas/cirurgia , Fraturas Expostas/epidemiologia
12.
J Orthop Trauma ; 38(8): e288-e294, 2024 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39007665

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To determine if rates of pin site infection and surgical site infection among patients managed with primary closure after external fixator removal were similar to those allowed to heal secondarily. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. SETTING: Urban/Suburban Academic Level I Trauma Center. PATIENT SELECTION CRITERIA: Patients who had received a lower extremity external fixator for provisional management before definitive fixation of lower extremity fractures were included with pin site wounds closed primarily or allowed to heal by secondary intention. OUTCOME MEASURES AND COMPARISONS: The rate of pin tract infection and surgical site infection following primary closure of external fixator pin sites relative to patients whose pin sites were allowed to heal through secondary intention. RESULTS: In total, 256 patients were evaluated: 143 patients (406 pin sites) in the primary closure group and 113 patients (340 in sites) in the secondary closure group. The average age was 49 ± 16 years. Sixty-five percent of included patients were male. There was no difference in pin tract infections between cohorts (primary = 0.5%, secondary = 1.5%, P = 0.26). External fixator duration in the primary closure group was 11.5 ± 8.4 days and 13.0 ± 8.1 days in the secondary closure group (P = 0.15). There was a greater rate of surgical site infections in the secondary intention cohort (15.9% vs. 7.7%, P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS: There was no difference in pin site infection rate after primary pin site closure relative to patients who were allowed to heal through secondary intention. Furthermore, there was a lower rate of surgical site infection after primary closure. These results challenge the dogma of secondary closure for ex fix pin sites, suggesting that debridement and primary closure is a safe option for management of external fixator pin sites and may impart benefit in decreasing infection risk. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.


Assuntos
Pinos Ortopédicos , Fixadores Externos , Fixação de Fratura , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto , Fixação de Fratura/instrumentação , Fixação de Fratura/efeitos adversos , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fraturas Ósseas/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Remoção de Dispositivo , Idoso , Técnicas de Fechamento de Ferimentos/instrumentação , Técnicas de Fechamento de Ferimentos/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Coortes , Cirurgia de Cuidados Críticos
13.
J Orthop Trauma ; 38(8): 447-451, 2024 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39007662

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to report experience of a major trauma center utilizing circular frames as definitive fixation in patients sustaining Gustilo-Anderson 3B open tibial fractures. DESIGN: A prospectively maintained database was retrospectively interrogated. SETTING: Single major trauma center in the United Kingdom. PATIENT SELECTION CRITERIA: All patients over the age of 16 sustaining an open tibial fracture with initial debridement performed at the study center. All patients also received orthoplastic care for a soft tissue defect (via skeletal deformation or a soft tissue cover procedure) and subsequent definitive management using an Ilizarov ring fixator. Patients who received primary debridement at another center, had preexisting infection, sustained a periarticular fracture, or those who did not afford a minimum of 12-month follow-up were excluded. Case notes and radiographs were reviewed to collate patient demographics and injury factors. OUTCOME MEASURES AND COMPARISONS: The primary outcome of interest was deep infection rate with secondary outcomes including time to union and secondary interventions. RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-five patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 43.2 year old, with 72% males, 34% smokers, and 3% diabetics. Total duration of frame management averaged 6.4 months (SD 7.7). Eight (3.5%) patients developed a deep infection and 41 (20%) exhibited signs of a pin site infection. Seventy-nine (35.1%) patients had a secondary intervention, of which 8 comprised debridement of deep infection, 29 bony procedures, 8 soft tissue operations, 30 frame adjustments, and 4 patients requiring a combination of soft tissue and bony procedures. Bony union was achieved in 221 cases (98.2%), 195 (86.7%) achieved union in a single frame without the need for secondary intervention, 26 required frame adjustments to achieve union. Autologous bone grafts were used in 10 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Orthoplastic care including circular frame fixation for Gustilo-Anderson-3B fractures of the tibia resulted in a low rate of deep infection (3.5%) and achieved excellent union rates (98.2%). LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.


Assuntos
Fraturas Expostas , Fraturas da Tíbia , Centros de Traumatologia , Humanos , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Masculino , Fraturas Expostas/cirurgia , Feminino , Adulto , Resultado do Tratamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fixadores Externos , Reino Unido , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto Jovem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Bases de Dados Factuais , Desbridamento , Adolescente , Consolidação da Fratura , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/epidemiologia
14.
Front Public Health ; 12: 1331654, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39035176

RESUMO

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to reveal the treatment preferences and current practices regarding open tibial shaft fracture (OTSF). Patients and methods: Online surveys of treatment preferences and current practice of OTSF were conducted by orthopedic trauma doctors from various medical institutions in Zhejiang Province. The survey contains three modules. The first module is the basic information of the participants, the second module is the treatment patterns for Gustilo-Anderson type I-II (GA I/II), and the third module is the treatment patterns for Gustilo-Anderson type IIIA (GA IIIA). Furthermore, each treatment pattern was divided into four aspects, including antibiotic prophylaxis, irrigation and debridement, fracture stabilization, and wound management. Results: A total of 132 orthopedic trauma doctors from 41 hospitals in Zhejiang province, participated the online surveys. In GA I-IIIA OTSF, more than three-quarters of participants considered <3 h as the appropriate timing of antibiotic administration after trauma. In fact, only 41.67% of participants administered antibiotics within 3 h after trauma. 90.91 and 86.36% of participants thought debridement within 6 h was reasonable for GA I/II and GA IIIA OTSF, respectively. However, in reality only about half of patients received debridement within 6 h on average. The most common reason for delayed debridement was patients' transport delay. 87.88 and 97.3% of participants preferred secondary internal fixation following external fixation for GA I/II and GA IIIA OTSF, respectively. Additionally, over half of participants preferred use of locking plate for treating GA I-IIIA OTSF. The most common reasons for choosing delayed internal fixation for GA I-IIIA OTSF were infection risk and damage control. 78.79 and 65.91% supported immediate internal fixation after removing the external fixation for GA I-IIIA OTSF, respectively. Regarding wound closure, 86.36 and 63.64% of participants reported primary closure for GA I/II and GA IIIA OTSF, respectively. Over three fourths of participants agreed that preoperative and postoperative multiple wound cultures should be performed to predict infection for GA I-IIIA OTSF. Conclusion: The study first presents the current preference and practice regarding management of GA I-IIIA OTSF in Zhejiang. Majority of surgeons in our study preferred secondary internal fixation following external fixation for GA I-IIIA OTSF and over half of surgeons preferred use of locking plate for treating GA I-IIIA OTSF. This study may provide a reference for trauma orthopedic surgeons in the treatment of GA I-IIIA OTSF.


Assuntos
Desbridamento , Fraturas Expostas , Padrões de Prática Médica , Fraturas da Tíbia , Humanos , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Fraturas Expostas/cirurgia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Padrões de Prática Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , China , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibioticoprofilaxia/estatística & dados numéricos , Fixação de Fratura
15.
Zhongguo Yi Liao Qi Xie Za Zhi ; 48(3): 335-338, 2024 May 30.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38863104

RESUMO

Objective: To design and test a device which is capable of accurately measuring and dynamically adjusting the axial pressure at the fracture end in real-time. Methods: Upon completion of the design, the pressure measurement and adjustment device was implemented in a canine tibial fracture external fixation model. A pressure sensor was mounted at the fracture end, and the displayed values of the pressure sensor were used as the standard for comparison. The relationship between the displayed values of the measurement and adjustment device and the pressure sensor under identical conditions was examined. Results: The device was utilized in external fixation models of tibial fractures in five beagles. A linear correlation was observed between the displayed values of the device and the pressure sensor at the fracture end. The measurement values from the device could be transformed into fracture end pressure through the application of coefficients, thereby facilitating accurate measurement and dynamic adjustment of the fracture end pressure. Conclusion: The pressure measurement and adjustment device at the fracture end is easy to operate, enabling precise measurement and dynamic regulation of the pressure at the fracture end. It is well-suited for animal experiments aimed at investigating the impact of axial compression on fracture healing, demonstrating promising potential for experimental applications.


Assuntos
Desenho de Equipamento , Pressão , Fraturas da Tíbia , Animais , Cães , Fixação de Fratura/instrumentação , Fixadores Externos , Consolidação da Fratura
16.
Iowa Orthop J ; 44(1): 179-184, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38919353

RESUMO

Background: Provisional stabilization of high-energy tibia fractures using temporary plate fixation (TPF) or external fixation (ex-fix) prior to definitive medullary nailing (MN) is a strategy common in damage control orthopaedics. There is a lack of comprehensive data evaluating outcomes between these methods. This study compares outcomes of patients stabilized with either TPF or ex-fix, and with early definitive MN only, assessing complications including nonunion and deep infection. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on adult patients with tibia fractures treated with MN followed until fracture union (≥3 months) at a single level-1 trauma center from 2014 to 2022. Medical records were evaluated for nonunion and deep infection. Demographics, injury characteristics, and fixation methods were recorded. Significance between patients who underwent TPF and ex-fix was compared with a matched cohort of early MN using Pearson's exact tests, independent t-tests, and one-way ANOVA, depending on the appropriate variable. Results: 81 patients were included; 27 were temporized with TPF (n = 12) or ex-fix (n = 15). 54 early MN cases defined the matched cohort. All groups had similar patient and fracture characteristics. The difference in rates of nonunion between groups was significant, with TPF, ex-fix, and early MN groups at 17, 40, and 11% respectively (p = 0.027). Early MN had lower rates of nonunion (11% vs. 40%, p = 0.017) and deep infection (13% vs. 40%, p = 0.028) compared to ex-fix. Conclusion: Temporary ex-fix followed by staged MN was associated with higher rates of nonunion and deep infection. There was no difference in complication rates between TPF and early definitive MN. These data suggest that ex-fix followed by MN of tibia fractures should be avoided in favor of early definitive MN when possible. If temporization is needed, TPF may be a better option than ex-fix. Level of Evidence: IV.


Assuntos
Placas Ósseas , Fraturas da Tíbia , Humanos , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fixadores Externos , Fixação Intramedular de Fraturas/métodos , Consolidação da Fratura , Idoso , Fraturas não Consolidadas/cirurgia
17.
Injury ; 55(8): 111696, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38945078

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Racial and ethnic disparities in orthopaedic surgery are well documented. However, the extent to which these persist in fracture care is unknown. This study sought to assess racial disparities in the postoperative surgical and medical management of patients after diaphyseal tibia fracture fixation. METHODS: Patients with surgically treated tibial shaft fractures from October 1, 2015, to December 31, 2020, were identified in the MarketScan® Medicaid Database. Exclusion criteria included concurrent fractures or amputation. Outcomes included 2-year postoperative complications, reoperation rates, and filled prescriptions. Surgically-treated Black and White cohorts were propensity-score matched using nearest-neighbor matching on patient demographics, comorbidities, fracture pattern and severity, and fixation type. Chi-square tests and survival analyses (Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models) were conducted. RESULTS: 5,472 patients were included, 2,209 Black and 3,263 White patients. After matching, 2,209 were retained in each cohort. No significant differences in complication rates were observed in the matched Black vs White cohorts. Rates of reoperation, however, were significantly lower in Black as compared to White patients (28.5 % vs. 35.5 % rate, risk difference = 7.0 % (95 % confidence interval (CI): 4.2 % to 9.7 %)). Implant removal was also significantly lower in Black (17.9 %) vs. White (25.1 %) patients (Risk difference = 7.2 %, (95 %CI: 4.8 % to 9.6 %)). The adjusted hazard ratio comparing the reoperation rate in Black versus White patients was 0.77 (95 %CI: 0.69-0.82, p < 0.0001). Significantly lower proportions of Black vs White patients filled at least one prescription for benzodiazepine, antidepressants, strong opiates, or antibiotics at every time point post-index. DISCUSSION: Fewer resources were used in post-operative management after surgical treatment of tibial shaft fractures for Black versus White Medicaid-insured patients. These results may be reflective of the undertreatment of complications after tibia fracture surgery for Black patients and highlight the need for further interventions to address racial disparities in trauma care.


Assuntos
Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde , Medicaid , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Fraturas da Tíbia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Negro ou Afro-Americano/estatística & dados numéricos , Fixação de Fratura/estatística & dados numéricos , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fixação Interna de Fraturas , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/etnologia , Medicaid/estatística & dados numéricos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Reoperação/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Brancos/estatística & dados numéricos
18.
Injury ; 55(8): 111705, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38945079

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Rib fixation for ventilator dependent flail chest patients has become a mainstay of management in major trauma centres. However, the expansion of rib fixation for fractured ribs beyond this remains largely in the hands of enthusiasts with the benefits in non ventilator dependent groups largely unproven. Previous meta-analyses have largely included non-randomised and retrospective data, much of which is now more than two decades out of date. We wanted to perform an updated meta-analysis including only rigorous prospective trials which were randomised. Further we wanted to include quality of life outcomes which have not been previously examined in published meta-analyses. METHODS: This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and included randomised controlled trials only, of rib fixation compared to non-operative management in adult patients. RESULTS: Eight studies comprising 752 patients of whom 372 had been randomised to receive rib fixation were included. Benefits of rib fixation were identified with significant reductions in mechanical ventilation and lengths of stay (both ICU and hospital) as well as rates of pneumonia and tracheostomy. No significant benefit in quality of life at 6 months was identified. CONCLUSION: Operative intervention for rib fractures leads to significantly lower rates of pneumonia, lengths of intensive care stay and time on mechanical ventilation compared to non-operative intervention. Further study is needed to investigate quality of life improvements after rib fractures as operative rib fixation expands to non-ventilator dependent groups.


Assuntos
Tórax Fundido , Tempo de Internação , Qualidade de Vida , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Respiração Artificial , Fraturas das Costelas , Fraturas das Costelas/cirurgia , Humanos , Tórax Fundido/cirurgia , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Resultado do Tratamento , Fixação Interna de Fraturas/métodos , Fixação de Fratura/métodos
19.
Trials ; 25(1): 420, 2024 Jun 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38937792

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Treatment of displaced distal forearm fractures in children has traditionally been closed reduction and pin fixation, although they might heal and remodel without surgery with no functional impairment. No randomized controlled trials have been published comparing the patient-reported functional outcome following non-surgical or surgical treatment of displaced paediatric distal forearm fractures. METHODS: A multicentre non-inferiority randomized controlled trial. Children aged 4-10 years with a displaced distal forearm fracture will be offered inclusion, if the on-duty orthopaedic surgeon finds indication for surgical intervention. They will be allocated equally to non-surgical treatment (intervention) or surgical treatment of surgeon's choice (comparator). Follow-up will be 4 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months. The primary outcome is the between-group difference in 12 months QuickDASH score. We will need a sample of 40 patients to show a 15-point difference with 80% power. DISCUSSION: The results of this trial may change our understanding of the healing potential of paediatric distal forearm fractures. If non-inferiority of non-surgical treatment is shown, the results may contribute to a reduction in future surgeries on children, who in turn can be treated without the risks and psychological burdens associated with surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION: www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov (ID: NCT05736068). Date of registry: 17 February 2023.


Assuntos
Anestesia Geral , Moldes Cirúrgicos , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Ensaios Clínicos Pragmáticos como Assunto , Fraturas do Rádio , Humanos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Fraturas do Rádio/cirurgia , Fraturas do Rádio/terapia , Resultado do Tratamento , Fraturas da Ulna/cirurgia , Fraturas da Ulna/terapia , Estudos de Equivalência como Asunto , Feminino , Masculino , Fatores de Tempo , Consolidação da Fratura , Fixação de Fratura/efeitos adversos , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fatores Etários , Traumatismos do Antebraço/cirurgia , Traumatismos do Antebraço/terapia , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Fraturas do Punho
20.
J Pediatr Orthop ; 44(9): e823-e829, 2024 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38912592

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Proximal humerus fractures (PHFx) constitute around 2% of all pediatric fractures. Although younger children with displaced fractures often undergo nonoperative treatments, optimal treatment for adolescents is not well defined. The study aimed to assess the outcomes of operative versus nonoperative treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures in adolescents via a prospective multicenter study. METHODS: This prospective study assessed adolescents aged 10 to 16 years with displaced PHFx from 2018 to 2022 at 6 level 1 trauma centers. Displacement criteria for inclusion were >50% shaft diameter or angulation >30 degrees on AP/lateral shoulder X-rays. Operative versus nonoperative treatment was decided by the treating physician. Radiographic and clinical data were collected at 6 weeks, 3, and 6 months. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) included: Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMIS), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and QuickDASH questionnaires. Patients were further grouped into a severe displacement cohort, defined as angulation >40° or displacement >75%. Clinical and radiographic data were compared between the 2 treatment cohorts. RESULTS: Out of 78 enrolled patients, 36 (46%) underwent operative treatment. Patients treated operatively were significantly older (13.5 vs. 12.2 y, P <0.001) and exhibited greater mean angulation on AP shoulder view at presentation (31.1° vs. 23.5°, P <0.05). All PROs improved over time. At 6 weeks, operative patients demonstrated superior PROMIS upper extremity scores based on the minimally clinically important difference (MCID) (46.4 vs. 34.3, P =0.027); however, this distinction disappeared by 3 months. In a subanalysis of 35 patients with severe displacement, 21 (60.1%) underwent surgical intervention. No metrics showed significant differences between treatment modalities, with all PROs achieving population norm values by 3 months. Range of motion showed no difference between operative and nonoperative treatments, irrespective of fracture displacement. CONCLUSION: We found no differences in PROs and ROM between operative and nonoperative treatments of PHFx. If not contraindicated, nonoperative treatment may reduce healthcare costs and risks associated with surgery and should be considered for displaced adolescent proximal humerus fractures, irrespective of fracture displacement. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.


Assuntos
Fraturas do Ombro , Humanos , Adolescente , Estudos Prospectivos , Fraturas do Ombro/terapia , Fraturas do Ombro/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas do Ombro/cirurgia , Feminino , Masculino , Criança , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Resultado do Tratamento , Fixação de Fratura/métodos
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