Enabling high-performance all-solid-state hybrid-ion batteries with a PEO-based electrolyte.

All-solid-state hybrid-ion batteries exhibiting a synergistic Na+/Li+ de/intercalation mechanism were designed and assembled, by using modified PEO-based solid polymer electrolyte, Na2V2(PO4)2O2F cathode, and Li metal anode. The batteries exhibited a high average working voltage of 3.88 V, and an energy density of 432.37 W h kg-1, providing a new avenue for the development of high-safety and low-cost secondary batteries.

Ferroptosis Regulator Modification Patterns and Tumor Microenvironment Immune Infiltration Characterization in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Accumulating studies have highlighted the biologic significances of ferroptosis modification in tumor progression, but little is known whether ferroptosis modification patterns have potential roles in tumor microenvironment (TME) immune cell infiltration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we evaluated 51 ferroptosis regulators and performed consensus clustering algorithm to determine ferroptosis modification patterns and the ferroptosis related gene signature in HCC. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was employed to explore biological molecular variations in distinct ferroptosis modification patterns. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm was performed to quantify the relative infiltration levels of various immune cell subsets. Principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm was used to construct the ferroptosisSig score to quantify ferroptosis modification patterns of individual tumors with immune responses. Three distinct ferroptosis modification patterns were identified. GSVA enrichment analysis indicated that three ferroptosis modification subgroups were enriched in different metabolic pathways. ssGSEA analysis determined that 19 of 24 immune infiltrating cells had significant differences in three distinct ferroptosis patterns. A 91-ferroptosis gene signature was constructed to stratify patients into two ferroptosisSig score groups. Patients in the higher ferroptosisSig score were characterized by significantly prolonged survival time compared with patients in the lower ferroptosisSig score group (p < .0001). An immunotherapy cohort confirmed patients with higher ferroptosisSig score determined significant therapeutic advantages and clinical benefits. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis confirmed the predictive capacity of anti-PD/L1 immunotherapy by ferroptosisSig score. Our study indicated the ferroptosis modification played a significant role in TME heterogeneity and complexity. Evaluating the ferroptosis modification pattern of individual tumor could strengthen our cognition of TME infiltration characteristics and guide more effective clinic immunotherapy strategies.

Active targeted Janus nanoparticles enable anti-angiogenic drug combining chemotherapy agent to prevent postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence.

Surgery is one of the main effective strategies for the treatment of solid tumors, but high postoperative recurrence is also the main cause of death in current cancer therapy. The prevention of postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence is a clinical problem that needs to be solved urgently. At present, there are still some problems to be solved, such as, how to achieve free drugs to target the site of surgical resection; develop a strategy for the simultaneous administration of multiple drugs to inhibit postoperative recurrence; and provide the appropriate animal model that mimics the process of postoperative HCC recurrence. In this study, we used a facile and reproducible method to successfully prepare amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles (JNPs). In order to improve targeting of the JNPs to residual HCC cells after surgery, we modified the side of gold nanorods (GNRs) with lactobionic acid (LA), thus creating LA-JNPs. This provided an active and targeted co-delivery system for hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in separate rooms, thus avoiding mutual effects. Next, we established two models to simulate postoperative HCC recurrence: a subcutaneous postoperative recurrence model based on patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) tissues and a postoperative recurrence model of orthotopic HCC. By applying these models, the enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR) based tumor targeting and LA based active targeting can jointly promote the enrichment and uptake of JNPs at tumor site. LA-JNPs represented an efficient targeting system for the co-delivery of Sorafenib/Doxorubicin with an optimized anti-recurrence effect and significantly improved the survival of mice during treatment for postoperative recurrence.

Efficacy and Side Effects of Combined Capecitabine Plus Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy as an Effective Adjuvant Therapy for Gastric Cancers.

This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes and the toxicities associated with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) administered in combination with capecitabine for gastric cancer. This study was conducted between July 2009 and October 2011, and included 31 patients (23 female and eight male patients; mean age: 57 years old) with pathologically confirmed gastric cancer (pathological staging T3 or T4 or positive lymph node). All patients underwent D2 surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, followed by combined treatment with IMRT and capecitabine. All patients received follow-up examinations every 3-6 months by physical examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and assays for tumor markers. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the rates for locoregional control (LRC) and disease-free survival (DFS). Only two patients could not complete the planned treatment regimen. Patients treated with IMRT and capecitabine tolerated their treatment well, and displayed few significant side effects. The mean follow-up, disease-free survival (DFS) and survival times were 33.0, 27.5, and 32.9 months, respectively.This study confirmed that the combined administration of IMRT and capecitabine can be used as an adjuvant therapy for gastric cancer patients, with few toxic side effects.

Factors associated with decreased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the risk factors for decreased bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with schizophrenia. METHODS: Cluster sampling method was adopted in this large-sample, cross-sectional study. A total of 219 postmenopausal female inpatients with schizophrenia were selected and interviewed in Beijing. The average age of the patients was 60.4±7.0 years. Clinical assessment instruments included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and a questionnaire with detailed general information and disease-related investigations. Laboratory measurements included prolactin (PRL), estradiol, progesterone, thyroid stimulating hormone, FT3, and FT4. BMD testing was performed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: The prevalence of osteoporosis or osteopenia was 66.2% (n=145). Decreased BMD was associated with age, illness duration, therapeutic dose (equivalent chlorpromazine dose), treatment duration, PANSS-negative scores, body mass index (BMI), daily exercises (min/d), drinking (unit/wk), PRL, and estradiol. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age, treatment duration, PANSS-negative score, BMI, and PRL were significantly associated with decreased BMD. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of BMD loss was higher in Chinese postmenopausal women with schizophrenia compared to the normal BMD group. A combination of demographic and clinical factors play important roles in determining decreased BMD, including older age, longer treatment duration, more PANSS-negative scores, higher BMI, and higher PRL level.

Self-assembled arrays of polyoxometalate-based metal-organic nanotubes for proton conduction and magnetism.

The first polyoxometalate-based metal-organic nanotube constructed via covalent bonds has been synthesized. POM anions stick the metal-organic nanotubes to build 3D nanotubular arrays. The stability, magnetic and proton conducting properties are investigated.

Redox-controlled δ-Dawson {Mn2(III)W17} polyoxometalate with photocatalytic H2 evolution activity.

A novel δ-Dawson [(WO5)3W14Mn2(III)O44Cl2](12-) compound induced by the Jahn-Teller distortion of Mn(III) has been synthesized through utilizing {Mn12} as a reactant, which exhibits photocatalytic H2 evolution activity. Its electrochemical behavior and magnetic properties were investigated.

Three cobalt(II)-linked {P8W48} network assemblies: syntheses, structures, and magnetic and photocatalysis properties.

Three cobalt(II)-containing tungstophosphate compounds, Na8Li8Co5[Co5.5(H2O)19P8W48.5O184]⋅60 H2O (1), K2Na4Li11Co5[Co7(H2O)28P8W48O184]Cl⋅ 59 H2O (2), and K2Na4LiCo11[Co8(H2O)32P8W48O184](CH3COO)4Cl⋅47 H2O (3), have been synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analyses, and magnetic measurements. The pH value impacts the formation of distinct cobalt-linked frameworks. The cyclic cavity of the polyanion accommodates 5.5, 7, and 8 cobalt ions in 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In compounds 1 and 2, each {Co5.5P8W48} and {Co7P8W48} fragment links to four others through multiple {Co-O-W} coordination bonds to generate a two-dimensional network. Compound 3 can be considered as a 3D network based on the {Co-O-W} coordination bonds and the {Co3(CH3COO)2(H2O)10} linkers between the {P8W48} fragments. Interestingly, acetate ligands have been employed to form the {Co3(CH3COO)2(H2O)10} unit, thereby inducing the construction of a 12-connected framework. To the best of our knowledge, compound 3 contains the largest-ever number of cobalt ions in a {P8W48}-based polyoxometalate when counterions are taken into account and the {P8W48} unit shows the highest number of connections thanks to the carboxyl bridges. The UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectra of these powder samples indicate that the corresponding well-defined optical absorption associated with Eg can be assessed at 2.58, 2.48, and 2.73 eV and reveal the presence of an optical band gap. The photocatalytic H2 evolution activities of these {P8W48}-based compounds are evaluated.

Zeolitic Imidazolate framework-8 as efficient pH-sensitive drug delivery vehicle.

Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8), for the first time for ZIFs, exhibits a remarkable capacity for the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), around 660 mg of 5-FU/g of ZIF-8, and presents a pH-triggered controlled drug release property. These prove ZIF-8 to be a valuable candidate for delivery of anticancer agents and reveal its potential applications in the treatment of cancer.

A cationic iridium(III) complex showing aggregation-induced phosphorescent emission (AIPE) in the solid state: synthesis, characterization and properties.

We report the synthesis and characterization of two cationic iridium(III) complexes with dendritic carbazole ligands as ancillary ligands, namely, [Ir(ppy)(2)L3]PF(6) (1) and [Ir(ppy)(2)L4]PF(6) (2), where L3 and L4 represent 3,8-bis(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline and 3,8-bis(3',6'-di-tert-butyl-6-(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-3,9'-bi(9H-carbazol)-9-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline, respectively. Their photophysical properties have been investigated and compared. The results have shown that complex 2 is aggregation-induced phosphorescent emission (AIPE) active and exhibits the highest photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) of 16.2% in neat film among the reported cationic Ir(III) complexes with AIPE activity. In addition, it also enjoys redox reversibility, good film-forming ability, excellent thermal stability as well as off/on luminescence switching properties, revealing its potential application as a candidate for light-emitting electrochemical cells and organic vapor sensing. To explore applications in biology, 2 was used to image cells.

Chiral nanoporous metal-organic frameworks with high porosity as materials for drug delivery.

A chiral nanoporous metal-organic framework (MOF) with high porosity is obtained based on nontoxic zinc and achiral hexadentate ligand. It shows high drug loading and slow release of the proportion of the loaded drug with a complete delivery time of about one week when used as a material for adsorption and delivery of anticancer 5-fluorouracil.

Stepwise assembly of metal-organic framework based on a metal-organic polyhedron precursor for drug delivery.

A 12-connected network with fcu topology was firstly reported focusing on using predesigned metal-organic polyhedron (MOP) as the precursor, and its adsorption and delivery of the drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was also determined.

Fluorescent hollow/rattle-type mesoporous Au@SiO2 nanocapsules for drug delivery and fluorescence imaging of cancer cells.

Multifunctional uniform and versatile hollow and rattle-type nanocapsules composed of spindle-shaped Au nanoparticles as cores and fluorescent mesoporous silica shells with tunable optical and fluorescent properties have been developed by controlled etching Au nanorods (AuNRs) coated with mesoporous SiO(2) (AuNR@mSiO(2)) via a small amount of aqua regia (volume ratio HCl/HNO(3)=3/1) as an etching agent in a facile way. The etching process can be tracked by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and the size of cavities in the hollow/rattle-type particles can be tuned by controlling the reaction time. The dye molecules incorporated in mSiO(2) walls enabled the nanocapsules to be utilized as a fluorescent imaging agent in cancer cell imaging. Furthermore, such hollow/rattle-structured nanocapsules have the merit of enhanced drug loading capacity acting as carriers for the loading and delivery of an anticancer drug, doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), with higher storage for cancer therapy. Herein, the combined functionalities of simultaneous cell imaging and drug delivery of the synthesized nanocapsules have been demonstrated, which provide a very promising candidate for application in optical imaging and drug delivery for cancer cells.