[Research practice and strategy of resource utilization of residues for edible medicinal plants under background of Big Health].

In recent years, with the acceleration of population aging in China, the frequent occurrence of chronic diseases, and the increase in the number of sub-health groups, people began to seek ways to maintain health in line with the laws of nature. Healthy China has become a national strategy, and the Big Health industry has ushered in a golden period of development. In this context, the concept of medicine and food homology and edible medicinal substances which have guided Chinese people to pursue health since ancient times have ushered in significant and favorable development opportunities, and the industrial scale has gradually expanded. The development and utilization of edible medicinal plants have also become an important research direction. In the industrialization process of modern health care and edible medicinal products, a large number of drug residues are often abandoned due to ineffective utilization, resulting in a huge waste of resources and increasing the pressure on the ecological environment. Under the guidance of the homology theory of medicine and food, based on the recycling strategy of Chinese medicine resources, this paper analyzed the inherent common characteristics such as physical and chemical properties and biological activity of Chinese medicine residues of edible medicinal plants and put forward some suitable resource utilization strategies and suggestions in combination with the current situation of resource development and utilization of Chinese medicine residues of edible medicinal plants, in order to promote the high-value development and utilization of medicinal and edible resources, and extend the industrial chain of edible medicinal resources, thereby empowering Big Health industry and facilitating Healthy China.

[Two newly recorded species of plants in Jiangxi province].

Based on the investigation of wild medicinal plant resources in Dexing city, Jiangxi province, and the collected plant specimens, which were identified by taxonomy, two new record species of geographical distribution were found, which are Meehania zheminensis A. Takano, Pan Li & G.-H. Xia and Corydalis huangshanensis L.Q.Huang & H.S.Peng. The voucher specimens are kept in Dexing museum of traditional Chinese medicine. In this paper, the new distribution species were reported, which provides valuable information for further enriching and supplementing the species diversity of medicinal plant resources in Jiangxi province.

Synthesis and high formaldehyde sensing properties of quasi two-dimensional mesoporous ZnSnO3 nanomaterials.

Quasi two-dimensional (2D) mesoporous ZnSnO3 nanomaterials (QTMZNS) were synthesized by a simple template-free hydrothermal method. The as-prepared products were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, TG/DTA, and FTIR. The results showed that the precursor was a mixture of Zn5(OH)6(CO3)2 and ZnSnO3 in the hydrothermal process, and the high purity QTMZNS were obtained by calcination combined with subsequent washing of 20 wt% NH4Cl solutions. A possible growth process and mechanism of the quasi 2D mesoporous structure was proposed. Gas sensing properties of QTMZNS were investigated, and the QTMZNS-based sensors exhibited excellent gas sensing properties. When exposed to 100 ppm formaldehyde vapors, the response sensitivity is 45.8, and the concentration limit can reach as low as 0.2 ppm of formaldehyde. All these results are much better than those reported so far, which will have great potential applications for practical air quality monitoring.

[Scientific research on selection of medicinal herbs of Chloranthaceae based on materia medica theory].

The plants of Chloranthaceae are widely distributed and rich in resources in our country, records of ancient herbs indicaded that various species of plants of Chloranthaceae can be used for medicinal purposes, especially the Sarcandra glabra which with the least toxicity and possessed the function of clearing heat and cooling blood, activating blood to eliminate spots and removing wind and dredging collaterals. Based on the theory of herbage and by the method of consulting the past herbal literature, we summarized and analyzed the medicinal history, distribution characteristics of herbage geography, characteristics of herbage ecology, standard collection situation and the modern toxicology research of Chloranthaceae plants. Therefore we explained the scientificity for selection of medicinal herbs of Chloranthaceae plants, and provided a theoretical and scientific basis for further research of Chloranthaceae plants.

Inter-laboratory validation of the in-vivo flow cytometric micronucleus analysis method (MicroFlow®) in China.

Although inter-laboratory validation efforts of the in-vivo micronucleus (MN) assay based on flow cytometry (FCM) have taken place in the EU and US, none have been organized in China. Therefore, an inter-laboratory study that included eight laboratories in China and one experienced reference laboratory in the US was coordinated to validate the in-vivo FCM MicroFlow(®) method to determine the frequency of micro-nucleated reticulocytes (MN-RETs) in rat blood. Assay reliability and reproducibility were evaluated with four known genotoxicants, and the results obtained with the FCM method were compared with the outcome of the traditional evaluation of bone-marrow micronuclei by use of microscopy. Each of the four chemicals was tested at three sites (two in China and the one US reference laboratory). After three consecutive daily exposures to a genotoxicant, blood and bone-marrow samples were obtained from rats 24h after the third dose. MN-RET frequencies were measured in 20,000 RET in blood by FCM, and micro-nucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MN-PCE) frequencies were measured in 2,000 PCEs in bone marrow by microscopy. For both methods, each genotoxicant was shown to induce a statistically significant increase in the frequency of MN after treatment with at least one dose. Where more doses than one caused an increase, responses occurred in a dose-dependent manner. Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs) for FCM-based MN-RET vs microscopy-based MN-PCE measurements (eight experiments, 200 paired measurements) was 0.723, indicating a high degree of correspondence between methods and compartments. The rs value for replicate FCM MN-RET measurements performed at the eight collaborative laboratories was 0.940 (n=200), and between the eight FCM laboratories with the reference laboratory was 0.933 (n=200), suggesting that the automated method is very well transferable between laboratories. The FCM micronucleus analysis method is currently used in many countries worldwide, and these data support its use for evaluating the in-vivo genotoxic potential of test chemicals in China.

[Protective effect of necrostatin-1 on the liver of rats with trauma induced hemorrhagic shock].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of necrostatin-1( Nec-1) on the liver of rats with trauma induced hemorrhagic shock. METHODS: Trauma induced hemorrhagic shock model was produced by adopting the left femur, tibia fracture and soft tissue injury, bleeding and reperfusion in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. A total of 22 rats were divided into model group and Nec-1 group with 11 rats in each group by randomized digital number method and the 72-hour mortality was observed. In addition, 72 rats were randomly divided into sham group, model group, Nec-1 group with 24 rats in each group. Rats in sham group were only received anesthesia, separating a nd ligating blood vessels, without trauma induced hemorrhagic and reperfusion, and the rats in Nec-1 group were received 1 mg/kg Nec-1 through femoral vein 5 minutes before reperfusion, and the rats in Nec-1 group were received the same amount of solvent. The serum and liver tissues of each group were collected at 2, 4, 8 hours after reperfusion. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer. The pathology changes in liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin -1ß (IL-1ß) in the liver were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein expressions of receptor interaction of protease 1/3( RIP1/RIP3) were also assessed by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Compared to the model group, Nec-1 significantly reduced the 72 hour mortality [18.18% (2/11) vs. 63.64% (7/11), P = 0.040]. Two hours after trauma induced hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion, the expressions of ALT and AST in model group were significantly increased compared with those in sham group. [ ALT (U/L): 110.21 ± 22.32 vs. 80.98 ± 19.94, AST (U/L): 364.29 ± 64.83 vs. 279.76 ± 70.64, both P<0.05], and reached the peak at 8 hours [ALT (U/L): 387.41± 47.11 vs. 82.76 ±22.44, AST ( U/L): 973.35 ±77.51 vs.261.49 ± 52.03, both P <0.01]. Levels of serum ALT and AST in NEc-1 group were significantly decreased compared with model group [ALT (U/L) 4 hours: 144.64 ± 33.79 vs. 213.96 ± 36.21, 8 hours: 159.48 ± 43.57 vs. 387.41>11; AST (U/L): 4 hours: 398.78 ± 59.48 vs. 630.61 ± 59.93, 8 hours: 427.38 ± 80.75 vs. 973.35 ± 77.51, all P < 0.01] Under light microscopy, it was noted that the hepatic sinus expansion, liver cells degeneration, necrosis, as well as infiltration of abundant inflammatory cells were observed. But the pathology changes in hepatic tissues were significantly mitigated in Nec-1 group. Along with the time extension, the mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-ß and the protein expressions of RIP1 and RIP3 were markedly up-regulated. Compared with model group, difference in the mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-ß in hepatic tissues in Nec-1 group were statistically significant, and the most obvious difference was at 8 hours [TNF-α mRNA: 1.457 ± 0.081 vs. 2.317 ± 0.062, IL-ß mRNA: 0.690 ± 0.087 vs. 1.812 ± 0.112, both P<0.01]. But there was no statistically significant difference in RIP1 and RIP3 between Nec-1 group and model group [RIP1 protein 8 hours: 0.561 ± 0.033 vs. 0.587 ± 0.036, RIP3 protein 8 hours: 0.976 ± 0.040 vs. 1.044 ± 0.115, both P > 0.05]. CONCLUSION: Nec-1 may be remarkable protect effect on the liver of rats with trauma induced hemorrhage shock and reperfusion, and the intrinsic mechanisms need further investigation.

[Determination of scandoside methyl ester in Hedyotis chrysotricha by HPLC].

OBJECTIVE: To develop an HPLC method for determination of scandoside methyl ester in Hedyotis chrysotricha. METHOD: The determination was carried out on an HC-C18 column elnted with acetonitrile-water (7:93) as mobile phase, and the detection wavelength was set at 238 nm. RESULT: There is a good linearity in the range 22.08-552 mg L(-1) of scandoside methyl ester and the average recovery is 97.7% (n = 6), RSD 0.72%. CONCLUSION: This method is convenient, quick, and is applicable to the quality control of H. chrysotricha.