Summary of the application value of ultrasound imaging features in the clinical differential diagnosis of intramuscular capillary-type hemangioma and fibro-adipose vascular anomaly.

Objective: To investigate the value of ultrasonography as a diagnostic aid in differentiating intramuscular capillary-type hemangioma (ICTH) from fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of the clinical and ultrasound imaging data of 20 patients with ICTH and 45 patients with FAVA who were admitted to and pathologically confirmed in hospital between January 2013 and April 2023. The clinical and ultrasonographic appearances of the lesions in the two groups were compared and analyzed. A stepwise regression analysis was performed, and a joint diagnostic equation was constructed using the final variables selected. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and indicators, including sensitivity and specificity, were used to evaluate the efficacy of the joint diagnostic model. Results: The two groups of patients suffering from ICTH and FAVA presented a statistically significant difference (P< 0.05) in terms of 'age', 'lesion size', 'fascial tail sign', 'presence of a fatty-tissue-like hyperecho around the lesion', 'blood flow' and 'presence of straight blood capillaries within the lesion'. Finally, the variables 'fascial tail sign' and 'presence of straight blood capillaries within the lesion' were selected to construct the model. The constructed joint diagnostic model had a sensitivity value of 70.0% (95% CI: 59.00-81.00), a specificity value of 98.0% (95% CI: 94.70-100.00) and a ROC curve value of 0.908, indicating the high efficacy of the combined diagnosis method. Conclusions: Ultrasonography can be utilized to differentiate ICTH from FAVA, and the combined diagnosis method can further improve the technique's diagnostic efficacy.

Arsenic trioxide-induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest are potentiated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in human leukemia K562 cells.

The interaction between 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin [1,25(OH)2D3] and vitamin D receptor (VDR) plays a critical role in regulating cell proliferation and programmed cell death. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 in combination with arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the proliferation and cell cycle of a K562 leukemia cell line. K562 cells were treated with 100 nM 1,25(OH)2D3, 2.5 µM As2O3, and 100 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 combined with 2.5 µM As2O3. Cell proliferation was evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, inner salt/phenazine ethosulfate method. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of genes associated with the cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting analyses. The present findings indicated that combined treatment of 1,25(OH)2D3 and As2O3 led to a significant increase in cytotoxicity, apoptotic cell death and G1 cell cycle arrest when compared to those treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 or As2O3 alone. The downregulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and decreased survivin expression may be involved in combined treatment-mediated apoptosis. G0/G1 cell cycle arrest induced by combined treatment was associated with the activation of p21 and p27. In addition, the increased expression of VDR was found to participate in the anticancer effect of combination treatment. The data suggested that the combination of 1, 25-(OH)2D3 and As2O3 had clear synergistic effects on the inhibition of K562 cell proliferation, which could provide a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

[Effects of Decitabine Combined with Bortezomib on the Proliferation of Mantle Cell Lymphoma Cell Lines and Its Underling Mechanisms].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of decitabine combined with bortezomib on the proliferation of mantle cell lymphoma cell lines (Jeko-1 and Grante519) in vitro and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells were treated with different concentrations of decitabine and/or bortezomib alone and their combination.The cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8 assay. the cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry, the mRNA and protein expression levels of genes related with the cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot respactively. RESULTS: Low dose DAC could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells which shows a dose-and time-dependent manner. After DAC treatment, caspase 3, BAX and PCDH8 expression levels increased, while BCL-2 and CCND1 expression levels decreased in Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells, but there was no significant difference in NF-κB expression. High dose BTZ could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells which shows a dose-and time-dependent manner; single drug BTZ could increase the expression level of Caspase 3 and BAX, and decrease the expression level of NF-κB, BCL-2 and CCDN1 in Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells, but there was significant difference in PCDH8 expression level. Compared with single-drug treatment group, DAC combined with BTZ significantly increased the inhibitory rate and apoptotic rate of Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells; PCDH8, Caspase 3 and BAX expression levels significantly increased, and the expression levels of NF-κB, BCL-2 and CCND1 significantly decreased in Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells. CONCLUSION: The combination of DAC and BTZ has obviously synergistic effects on the growth inhibition of Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells which maybe relates with enhancing inbibitory effect on NF-κB signal pathway, down-regulating BAX expression, up-regulating BAX expression as well as increasing cospase 3 expression. This study provides a novel therapeutic approach for mantle cell lymphoma.

NGAL attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury through autophagy activation and apoptosis inhibition in rats.

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a main cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), and currently lacks effective therapies. This study is to investigate the level of Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and autophagy status during renal I/R injury, so as to determine whether the exogenous NGAL protein could exert a protective effect for I/R injury and explore the potential mechanisms. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: Sham, I/R, pre-treated with NGAL before I/R (I/R + pre-N), treated with NGAL after I/R (I/R + post-N). All rats were subjected to clamping the left renal pedicle for 45 min after right nephrectomy, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Serum creatinine (SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were used for renal function, tubular cell apoptosis and autophagy were measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method, histological examination and electron microscope, respectively. The tubular cell proliferation was assessed by the protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Western blotting was used to quantitate the levels of LC3, Beclin-1, Bcl-2 and Bax in kidney tissues. Exogenous NGAL protein intervention significantly improved renal function, reduced tubular cell apoptosis, increased tubular cell proliferation and promoted autophagy activation after renal I/R injury. Further, the efficacy in pre-N was significantly better than post-N. The mechanisms were involved in the regulation of several autophagy and apoptosis-related genes. Our study demonstrated that exogenous NGAL protein play a protective role during I/R injury, which may offer a novel may for prevention and treatment of renal I/R injury.

Sequence analysis of the thrombospondin-related adhesive protein gene and heat shock protein 70 gene of Babesia gibsoni isolated from dogs in Nanjing, China.

In this study, the thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) gene and the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) gene of Babesia gibsoni isolated from the naturally infected dog in the Nanjing area were cloned and sequenced. Twenty blood samples were collected from the suspected cases of babesiosis at the animal hospital of Nanjing Agriculture University. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood samples, and the 18S rDNAs were amplified by PCR to confirm Babesia infection. As a result, 10 cases of Babesia 18S rDNA gene amplification were positive in the 20 blood samples, confirming that the 10 cases were infected with canine Babesia. The TRAP and the Hsp70 gene fragments were amplified from all 10 positive cases. The four isolates, named NJN1, NJN2, NJN3 and NJN4, were sequenced and compared with other isolates in Asian. The similarity of TRAP and Hsp70 gene sequences among four isolates in Nanjing were above 99%. The Nanjing isolates were closely related to isolates from Taiwan and Japan. Indian isolates were different form Chinese and Japanese isolates, despite the very high similarity of the 18s rRNA genes sequence. These results suggest that the TRAP and Hsp70 genes have a reference value for the genetic diversity analysis of Babesia gibsoni.

[Constructing ecological security patterns in mountain areas based on geological disaster sensitivity: A case study in Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, China.] / åŸºäºŽåœ°è´¨ç¾å®³æ•æ„Ÿæ€§çš„å±±åœ°ç”Ÿæ€å®‰å ¨æ ¼å±€æž„å»º­­ä»¥äº‘南省玉溪市为例.

As one of the key topics in the research of landscape ecology, regional ecological security patterns can effectively promote regional sustainable development and terrestrial ecological barriers construction. It is extremely important for middle Yunnan, with frequent disasters and fragile ecolo-gical environment, to construct ecological security patterns so as to effectively avoid the geological disasters, maintain ecosystem health, and promote the coordinated development of regional ecological system and social economic system. Taking Yuxi City as a case study area, this study firstly estimated the ecosystem services importance of water conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, soil conservation, and biodiversity according to the basal characteristics of regional ecological environment, and then identified ecological sources in consideration of the quality of integrated ecosystem services and single types. Secondly, the resistance surface based on land use types was modified by the sensitivity of regional geological disasters. Lastly, the ecological corridors were identified using minimum cumulative resistance model, and as a result, the ecological security pattern of Yuxi City was constructed. The results showed that there were 81 patches for ecological sources in Yuxi City, accounting for 38.4% of the total area, and overlaying 75.2% of nature protection areas. The ecological sources were mainly distributed in the western mountainous areas as well as eastern water areas of the city. The length of ecological corridors was 1642.04 km, presenting a spatial pattern of one vertical and three horizontals, and extending along river valleys and fault basins with high vegetation coverage. This paper constructed ecological security patterns in mountainous areas aiming at the characteristics of geological disasters, providing spatial guidance for development and conservation decision-making in mountain areas.

Low frequency steady-state brain responses modulate large scale functional networks in a frequency-specific means.

Neural oscillations are essential for brain functions. Research has suggested that the frequency of neural oscillations is lower for more integrative and remote communications. In this vein, some resting-state studies have suggested that large scale networks function in the very low frequency range (<1 Hz). However, it is difficult to determine the frequency characteristics of brain networks because both resting-state studies and conventional frequency tagging approaches cannot simultaneously capture multiple large scale networks in controllable cognitive activities. In this preliminary study, we aimed to examine whether large scale networks can be modulated by task-induced low frequency steady-state brain responses (lfSSBRs) in a frequency-specific pattern. In a revised attention network test, the lfSSBRs were evoked in the triple network system and sensory-motor system, indicating that large scale networks can be modulated in a frequency tagging way. Furthermore, the inter- and intranetwork synchronizations as well as coherence were increased at the fundamental frequency and the first harmonic rather than at other frequency bands, indicating a frequency-specific modulation of information communication. However, there was no difference among attention conditions, indicating that lfSSBRs modulate the general attention state much stronger than distinguishing attention conditions. This study provides insights into the advantage and mechanism of lfSSBRs. More importantly, it paves a new way to investigate frequency-specific large scale brain activities.

[Rainfall effects on the sap flow of Hedysarum scoparium.] / 花棒茎流对降雨的响应.

In arid and semi-arid areas, plant physiological responses to water availability depend largely on the intensity and frequency of rain events. Knowledge on the responses of xerophytic plants to rain events is important for predicting the structure and functioning of dryland ecosystems under changing climate. The sap flow of Hedysarum scoparium in the Mu Us Sand Land was continuously measured during the growing season of 2012 and 2013. The objectives were to quantify the dynamics of sap flow under different weather conditions, and to examine the responses of sap flow to rain events of different sizes. The results showed that the daily sap flow rates of H. scoparium were lower on rainy days than on clear days. On clear days, the sap flow of H. scoparium showed a midday plateau, and was positively correlated with solar radiation and relative humidity. On rainy days, the sap flow fluctuated at low levels, and was positively correlated with solar radiation and air temperature. Rain events not only affected the sap flow on rainy days through variations in climatic factors (e.g., solar radiation and air temperature), but also affected post-rainfall sap flow velocities though changes in soil moisture. Small rain events (<20 mm) did not change the sap flow, whereas large rain events (>20 mm) significantly increased the sap flow on days following rainfall. Rain-wetted soil conditions not only resulted in higher sap flow velocities, but also enhanced the sensitivity of sap flow to solar radiation, vapor pressure deficit and air temperature.

Efficacy and Safety of Lenalidomide in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Lenalidomide has emerged as an important treatment for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, its role in the management of MM is still controversial and requires further clarification. The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of lenalidomide for MM using a meta-analysis. METHODS: We searched the electronic databases including: PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials. Seven randomized clinical trials were identified, which included a total of 2357 patients with MM who received lenalidomide-containing, noncontaining lenalidomide regimens or placebo as induction therapy or maintenance therapy. The outcomes included overall response (OR) rate, complete response (CR) rate, 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate, 3-year overall survival (OS) rate, and different types of treatment-related adverse events. We calculated the risk ratios (RRs) as well as their 95% confidence intervals of these outcomes and pooled the results using RevMan 5.2 software. RESULTS: For patients with previously untreated MM, OR rate and CR rate was significantly higher in lenalidomide-containing group than the control group. For relapsed or refractory MM patients, lenalidomide-containing regimens significantly improved the OR rate, CR rate, 3-year PFS rate and 3-year OS rate. With regard to MM patients after autologous stem cell transplantation, lenalidomide maintenance therapy significantly improved 3-year PFS rate but did not result in improved 3-year OS rate. In terms of toxicities, lenalidomide therapy has a higher rate of Grade 3-4 grade cytopenias, infection, deep-vein thrombosis, and diarrhea. Furthermore, the incidence of second primary malignancies was significantly higher in the lenalidomide group. CONCLUSIONS: The lenalidomide-containing regimens as induction therapy clearly increased response rates and improved intervals of survival with acceptable toxicity rates for patients with MM. However, when physicians choose to use the lenalidomide as maintenance therapy, whether the benefits outweigh the risks should be taken into account.

Quantitative detection of the human cervical cancer oncogene for monitoring the minimal residual disease in acute leukemia.

The human cervical cancer oncogene (HCCR) has been shown to be over-expressed in some solid tumors, and its function is involved in negative regulation of p53 tumor suppressor gene. However, the roles of HCCR in leukemia remain unclear. The present study is to investigate whether the expression levels of HCCR mRNA are associated with clinical prognosis in patients with acute leukemia (AL) and to explore the potential use as a biomarker for monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD) in AL. The mRNA levels of HCCR1 and HCCR2 were quantified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in bone marrow samples from 80 adult de novo AL patients and 20 normal healthy donors. The expressions of HCCR1 and HCCR2 were significantly higher in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) than those in healthy donors (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between AML and ALL (P > 0.05). Besides white blood cell count, we did not find any significant correlation between HCCR expression and clinical characteristics, such as age, sex, CD34 antigen expression, and response to chemotherapy. HCCR was monitored in 12 cases during remission and/or relapse. Significant reductions of both HCCR1 and HCCR2 mRNA levels were observed in patients who had achieved complete remission after chemotherapy but not in patients with non-responsive. However, an increased HCCR expression was detected in these patients who relapsed. Our findings suggest that HCCR gene is over-expressed in AL patients and may be as a useful biomarker for monitoring MRD in AL.

Compound heterozygous hemophilia A in a female patient and the identification of a novel missense mutation, p.Met1093Ile.

Hemophilia A (HA) in females is rare. Female HA cases are often misdiagnosed as acquired HA (AHA) or as von Willebrand disease type 2N (vWD-2N). Here, we report the case of a 37-year-old female HA patient with a moderate factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency. The patient had no personal or family history of bleeding disorders, but presented with heavy uterine bleeding following surgery to remove an intrauterine device. IgG inhibitory antibodies against FVIII were undetected. A compound heterozygote mutation of the FVIII gene (F8) was found in this patient. The p.Val502Asp mutation, which has been reported previously, affects A2 domain function. A novel missense point mutation, p.Met1093Ile, was identified in the B domain. The compound heterozygote mutations in F8, p.Val502Asp and p.Met1093Ile, caused HA in this female patient, with a moderate phenotype.

[Combined treatment with urea injection and surgical procedure for the scrotal vein malformation in teenagers].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the treatment of the scrotal vein malformation in teenagers and clinical efficacy. METHODS: 32 cases with the local and diffuse scrotal vein malformation were retrospectively analyzed. 31 cases underwent local injection with 40% urea before resection. The urea was injected locally into tumor through multi-points within 30 seconds, 2-6 ml every time, one time a day. The injection was performed for 5-12 days. The treatment was refused in one case. The therapeutic effect and cosmetic result were recorded. RESULTS: The tumors were removed radically in 28 cases including one operation in 25 cases and secondary operation in 3 cases. The patients were followed up for 1-3 years with no recurrence. Cosmetic result with bilaterally symmetric scrotum was satisfactory. The tumors in 3 severe cases were partially resected with improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Combined treatment with urea injection and surgical procedure can effectively treat the scrotal vein malformation with satisfactory result.

[Combined and sequential therapy for Kasabach-Merritt syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To review and summarize the clinical characteristics and therapeutic approaches of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (KMS). METHODS: The combined and sequential therapy was used to for 51 KMS infants between 2005 and 2009. And all cases were retrospectively analyzed. There were 27 males and 24 females with a median age of 1.8 months (range: 2 days to 2.5 years). Among them, lesions were located in maxillofacial (n = 20), truck (n = 4), upper extremities (n = 11) and lower extremities (n = 16). RESULTS: Among them, 47 of 51 patients were cured, 3 cases were effectively treated and only 1 patient died of multiple organ failure post-operation. Of the 51 cases, emergency surgery was given in 3 cases while other 48 cases were initially treated with methylprednisolone. The responses were varied: excellent and rapid improvement (n = 12); moderate response (n = 15) and total failure (n = 21). Immunoglobulin was used a second-line therapy for those (n = 21) unresponsive to steroid, with sensitive response (n = 5), effective response (n = 7) and invalid response (n = 9) respectively. And adjunct carbonyldiamide therapy was combined. Conservative treatment was tried in 14 patients. Then 11 curative cases and 3 effective cases were observed. The thrombocyte count in 4 cases returned to normal within 4 - 7 days, 5 cases within 8 - 14 days, and 2 cases within 15 - 28 days. In the remaining 3 cases, it normalized more than 28 days. The hemangiomas in 6 cases disappeared completely in 6 - 12 months and 8 cases disappeared in 13 - 24 months. 19 patients were treated with the ligation of external carotid artery, the insertion of a tube inside the lesion and the injections of carbonyldiamide and methylprednisolone. The platelet counts of 13 cases increased to normal in 4 - 7 days of the treatment, and 6 cases in 8 - 14 days. The tumors of 12 cases disappeared within 6 - 12 months, and 7 cases within 13 - 24 months. Combined surgical resection including emergency operation (n = 3) and selective operation (n = 15) was performed in 18 patients. And all cases except for one were cured. The platelet counts of that the hemangiomas of 10 cases were excised surgically completely increased rapidly and reached the normal range in post-operative 1 - 3 days. The counts of 8 cases after subtotal resection increased to normal within 8-14 days. CONCLUSION: A stepwise multimodal approach is recommended for the treatment of KMS. With a higher curative rate, it has minimal side effects.

[Surgical treatment of cervical giant cystic lymphangioma in children].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the radical treatment of cervical giant cystic lymphangioma in Children and cosmetic result. METHODS: Twenty-five children with cervical giant cystic lymphangioma were retrospectively analyzed. The diameter of all the tumors was more than 10 cm. 24 cases underwent resection. The complication, therapeutic effect and cosmetic result were recorded. RESULTS: The tumors were all removed radically in all the cases. The patients were followed up for 1-5 years with no recurrence. Cosmetic result was satisfactory in 22 cases. Secondary operation was performed in 2 cases with satisfactory result. Complications included 5 cases of lymph leakage, 2 cases of poor wound healing, 1 case of infection and 2 cases of tongue edema. CONCLUSIONS: The cervical giant cystic lymphangioma in children can be resected radically with satisfactory result.

[Analysis of outocome of pirarubicin-based combination chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia-a prospective, open, randomized and multicenter clinical trial].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness and side effects of two chemotherapy regimens [pirarubicin + cytarabine (TA) and daunorubicin + cytarabine (DA)] in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). METHODS: From Oct 2006 to Jul 2009, there were 207 newly diagnosed AML patients randomized into DA or TA group from 72 centers all over the country. The aim of this clinical trial is to observe and evaluate complete remission rate (CR), total remission rate (TRR), and side effect after one or two circles of therapy. RESULTS: In 198 evaluable patients, 126 cases in TA group and 72 in DA group were evalvable, with a ratio of 1.75:1. CR was 69.8% and TRR (CR + PR) was 81.8% in TA group and 63.9%, 80.9% in DA group, correspondingly (P > 0.05). For patients with subtype M(2), CR (77.1%) in TA group was higher than that in DA (60%). There was no difference in side effect between the two groups. CONCLUSION: There is no difference of the effect between TA and DA chemotherapy for newly diagnosed AML patients. But for subtype M(2), TA is more efficacy. And there is no difference in side effect between the two regimens.

[Expression of c-fes gene in leukemia cells and its clinical significance].

This study was purposed to investigate the expression of c-fes gene in leukemia patients and its clinical significance. The expression of c-fes mRNA in bone marrow cells from 121 cases of acute and chronic leukemia patients, and the expression of c-fes mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20 normal persons were detected by real time-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR). The results showed that the level of c-fes mRNA in AML patients was higher than that in normal controls [(48.017 +/- 57.170) x 10(-3) vs (0.152 +/- 0.398) x 10(-3)] (p < 0.0001); but there was no significant differences of level of c-fes mRNA between samples of ALL and normal controls(0.047 +/- 0.068) x 10(-3) vs(0.152 +/- 0.398) x 10(-3) (p>0.05); the level of c-fes mRNA in CML patients was higher than that in normal persons (21.605 +/- 24.818) x 10(-3) vs (0.152 +/- 0.398) x 10(-3) (p < 0.0001). The positive expression rate of c-fes gene in CML-CP patients (80%) was higher than that in CML-AP patients (66.7%) and CML-BP (28.6%) patients. In AML patients, c-fes gene was expressed higher in M(2) (80.77%) and M(3) (92.86%) patients. The remission rate of AML (except M(3))patients who had expression of c-fes gene was 81.08%, which was higher than that of patients with no expression of c-fes gene (40.00%). It is concluded that c-fes gene expression was found in myeloid leukemias, whereas low or no expression in lymphocytic leukemias. The differentiation of myelocytic cells may be related to c-fes gene. All AML (except M(3))patients with high level of c-fes mRNA may get good prognosis.

[The clinical value of the 99Tcm-MIBI imaging in predicting the prognosis of malignant lymphoma].

OBJECTIVE: To predict the chemotherapy response in Malignant lymphoma (ML) using 99Tcm-MIBI imaging, and to evaluate whether 99Tcm-MIBI scintigraphy parameters may have a precise predictive value in the expression of MDR1 and multidrug resistance-related-protein genes. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with histologically proved Malignant lymphoma underwent 99Tcm-MIBI scintigraphy before chemotherapy. Tumor-to-background [corrected] (T/B) ratios of both early (10 min) and late images (1 h) and the percentage rate of washout (WR%) were measured; The mRNA expressions of MDR1 and MRP were measured by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); therapeutic reaction was evaluated by clinical and radiologic methods after completing 6 - 8 cycle chemotherapy with/without involved field radiotherapy for large tumors. RESULTS: The WR% (16 +/- 6) of both MDR1 and MRP simultaneously negative expression group was significance lower than both simultaneously positive expression group (33 +/- 5), and also lower than either MDR1 or MRP positive expression group (28 +/- 6) (both P < 0.01); There was no significant difference between the both simultaneously positive expression group and either MDR1 or MRP positive expression group (P = 0.26). The early images, late images T/B ratios and WR% of MDR1 positive group were 3.0 +/- 1.1, 2.5 +/- 0.8 and 17 +/- 7 respectively; MDR1 negative group were 3.4 +/- 1.0, 2.3 +/- 0.7 and 32 +/- 6 respectively. There were no significant difference between the MDR1 positive group and MDR1 negative group in either early images or late images T/B ratios (P > 0.05), but the WR% was significant different between them (P < 0.01). The early images, late images T/B ratios and WR% of MRP positive group were 3.1 +/- 1.2, 2.5 +/- 0.8 and 19 +/- 8 respectively; MRP negative group were 3.3 +/- 1.0, 2.3 +/- 0.7 and 31 +/- 6 respectively. The WR% of MRP positive group was significantly higher than that of MRP negative group (P = 0.003); T/B ratios of both early and late images were all significantly different between them (P = 0.72, P = 0.60). Both levels of MDR1 and WR% were significantly positively correlated with therapeutic response (both P < 0.05), but there was no significant correlation between levels of MRP and therapeutic response (P = 0.052). CONCLUSION: As a untraumatic imagology instrument, 99Tcm-MIBI can accurately reflect the expression and functional status of MDR1 and MRP, and can predict the therapeutic response of ML, thus could be used for individualized treatment planning. 99Tcm-MIBI would be benefit to ML patients.

Expressions of cyclin E2 and survivin in acute leukemia and their correlation.

Cyclin E2 is present in solid tumors, while its expression and clinical value in acute leukemia is unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the expression of cyclin E2 and survivin gene in bone marrow cells from patients with acute leukemia and their relationship. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used for detection of the expression of cyclin E2 and survivin mRNA in 84 adult patients with acute leukemia which included 16 cases of relapse, 60 cases of de novo acute leukemia, 8 cases of continuously complete remission, and 20 normal persons as controls. The results showed that (1) positive expression of cyclin E2 (70.24%) in acute leukemia patients was significantly higher than that (0%) in controls, positive expression of survivin (72.62%) in acute leukemia patients was higher than that (30%) in control. (2) the expression of cyclin E2 positively correlated with that of survivin in acute leukemia patients. (3) remission rate in cyclin E2-positive patients (55.81%) was lower than that (88.24%) in cyclin E2-negative patients, the rate of cyclin E2 expression in relapse group was the highest among the three groups; while that in continuously complete remission group was the lowest among the three groups. (4) positive rate of cyclin E2 expression (59.32%) in patients with acute myelocytic leukemia was lower than that (96%) in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, no correlation between cyclin E2 expression and white blood cell counts of patients was found. It is concluded that the overexpression of cyclin E2 has been confirmed for the first time to positively correlate with the expression of the survivin in acute leukemia patients, and implicate the poor prognosis. Cyclin E2 may be used as a marker for examination of minimal residual disease.

Expressions of cyclin B1 and p21cipl in adult acute leukemia and their correlation.

Cyclin B1, a positive regulator, controls mitosis occurrence, plays an important role in cell proliferation. To investigate the clinical significance of cyclin B1, the expression of cyclin B1 in acute leukemia (AL) patients was measured; the expression of cyclin B1 and p21(cipl), and their cell cycle distribution were assayed by flow cytometry in 136 adult patients with newly diagnosed AL, 10 continuous complete remission (CCR) AL and 17 normal controls; the mRNA of cyclin B1 and p21(cipl), and the proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in patients and normal controls were detected with semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that the expression of cyclin B1 in newly diagnosed AL patients was significantly higher than that in normal controls. For the relapsed AL patients, the cyclin B1 expression was also higher than that in normal controls, but lower than that in newly diagnosed cases, there was no significant difference between the remission cases and normal controls, nor difference between CCR AL patients and normal controls. All patients with high cyclin B1 expression had an unscheduled expression manner, that cyclin B1 protein appeared in G(1) phase, and in some case it even higher than that of G(2) phase. The response rate (partial remission + complete remission) and survival rate in the cyclin B1 high expressed patients were higher than that of cyclin B1 low expressed patients. The relapse rate in cyclin B1 high expressed patients was higher than that in cyclin B1 normally expressed patients. The survival rate in cyclin B1 high expressed patients was higher than that in cyclin B1 low expression patients. A negative correlation between the expression of cyclin B1 and p21(cipl) was observed. Additionally, cyclin B1 protein expression was generally correlated with proliferation index (PI) and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). It is concluded that this study demonstrates for the first time cyclin B1 overexpression and abnormally distribution in cell cyclin of newly diagnosed AL patients. It was considered that cyclin B1 may play an important role in leukemic pathogeneses and can be one of the factors influencing the prognosis of AL patients.

[Expression of cyclin g2 mRNA in patients with acute leukemia and its clinical significance].

To evaluate the expression of cyclin G2 mRNA in patients with acute leukaemia (AL) and its clinical value, the expression of cyclin G2, G1 and P53 mRNA in the bone marrow from 74 AL patients and 10 normal individuals as control were detected with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The positive segment of cyclin G2 was analyzed by DNA sequencing. The results showed that (1) the positive rate and the expressing level of cyclin G2 in AL patients (52.7%, 0.552 +/- 0.498) were significantly lower than those in normal control (100%, 1.953 +/- 0.675) (P < 0.01); (2) among new diagnosed AL patients, the complete remission (CR) rate (69.2%) in the positive cyclin G2 patients was higher than that (40%) in negative cyclin G2 patients (P < 0.05); (3) the positive rate of cyclin G2 (43.6%) in resistance group was significantly higher than that (68.6%) in sensitive group (P < 0.01); (4) following-up for 14.3 month (11 - 18.5 month) in 28 AL patients with CR, there were 10 relapsed in 11 AL patients with low expression level of cyclin G2 (90.9%); and 7 relapsed in 17 AL patients with high expression (41.2%), and there was significant difference (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the expression of cyclin G2 in AL patients was higher than that in normal control, the abnormal expression of cyclin G2 might be a prognostic marker of CR in AL patients.