ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Paclitaxel is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent used to treat breast, ovarian, and other cancers. At the same time, paclitaxel causes peripheral neuropathy as a side effect in 45%-70% of patients. AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy on the development of pathological changes in the salivary glands of animals and to explore the possibility of correction of the identified changes with vitamin B/ATP complex. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To simulate toxic neuropathy, animals were injected i/p with paclitaxel 2 mg/kg for 4 days. In order to correct the identified changes, rats were injected i/m with vitamin B/ATP complex (1 mg/ kg) for 9 days. In the homogenate of the submandibular salivary glands, α-amylase activity, total proteolytic activity, total antitryptic activity, the content of medium mass molecules, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), oxidatively modified proteins, and catalase activity were determined. RESULTS: A significant increase in the content of oxidatively modified proteins, medium mass molecules, and the content of TBARS and significant decrease in the activity of catalase and amylase were determined in the salivary glands of animals with toxic neuropathy compared to these parameters in intact animals. Administration of vitamin B/ATP complex for 9 days against the background of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy led to normalization of antitryptic activity and amylase activity, a significant decrease in the content of oxidatively modified proteins, medium mass molecules, and TBARS along with a significant increase in catalase activity in the salivary glands of animals compared to the untreated rats with neuropathy. CONCLUSION: Paclitaxel-induced neuropathy caused the development of pathological changes in the salivary glands of rats, which was evidenced by a carbonyl- oxidative stress and impaired protein synthetic function. The correction with vitamin B/ATP complex restored the protein-synthetic function and the proteinase-inhibitor balance, suppressed the oxidative stress and normalized free radical processes in the salivary glands of rats.
Subject(s)
Paclitaxel , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases , Salivary Glands , Animals , Paclitaxel/adverse effects , Paclitaxel/pharmacology , Salivary Glands/drug effects , Salivary Glands/pathology , Salivary Glands/metabolism , Rats , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/chemically induced , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/pathology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism , Vitamin B Complex/pharmacology , Vitamin B Complex/therapeutic use , Male , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolism , Catalase/metabolismABSTRACT
We studied the influence of melanin from yeast-like fungi Nadsoniella nigra strain X1 on the changes of the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol in blood serum of rats, adrenal glands weight ratio and lesions of the gastric mucosa (GM) caused by neuromuscular tension by Selye. Melanin administration restored functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis that was evident by an increase of ACTH concentration by 42% and a decrease of cortisol concentration by 19% compared to the rats injected with water (group 2). In rats treated with melanin, the adrenal glands weight ratio, didn't differ from intact control group of the rats. Melanin decreased ulcers area by 64% and reduced the content of free hydroxyproline by 29%, the free fucose by 16% and the free hexuronic acids by 24% in the GM compared to the group 2 of the rats. It is established that the mechanism of melanin stress-protective properties are based on its regulation of the glucocorticoids secretion and prevention of GM collagen and extracellular matrix substances depolymerization. Melanin possesses gastroprotective properties and is a perspective agent for preventing and treatment of consequences of the stress influence on the organism.
Subject(s)
Adrenal Glands/drug effects , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/drug effects , Melanins/pharmacology , Pituitary-Adrenal System/drug effects , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Adrenal Glands/metabolism , Adrenal Glands/pathology , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood , Animals , Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/blood , Female , Fucose/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Hexuronic Acids/metabolism , Hydrocortisone/blood , Hydroxyproline/metabolism , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiopathology , Pituitary-Adrenal System/metabolism , Pituitary-Adrenal System/physiopathology , Rats , Stress, Physiological/drug effects , Stress, Psychological/drug therapyABSTRACT
Pathogenic mechanisms of damage of salivary glands under obesity are an insufficiently studied problem of modem medicine. On experimental model of obesity induced by monosodium glutamate, free-radical processes and antioxidant defense system were studied in the tissues of salivary glands of rats. Under experimental obesity induced by monosodium glutamate there is a significant increase of the content of thio-barbituric acid reactive substances and a significant decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Thus, it indicates to the misbalance of prooxidant and antioxidant systems and the development of oxidative stress.
Subject(s)
Obesity/metabolism , Oxidative Stress , Salivary Glands/metabolism , Sodium Glutamate/pharmacology , Animals , Antioxidants/metabolism , Catalase/metabolism , Female , Free Radicals/metabolism , Male , Obesity/chemically induced , Obesity/enzymology , Rats , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolismABSTRACT
It is known, that long decrease in gastric secretion leads to the development of hypergastrinemia, dysbiosis and to pathological changes in digestive organs. Very important there is a search of ways to correction of these undesirable consequences. Long-term usage of omeprazole leads to metabolic disorders in periodontium tissues and salivary glands, such as development of NO-ergic system disbalance and activation of free-radical oxidation, that are positively corrected by multiprobiotic of new generation "Symbiter acidophilic".
Subject(s)
Achlorhydria/therapy , Mouth/drug effects , Periodontium/drug effects , Probiotics/therapeutic use , Salivary Glands/drug effects , Stomach/drug effects , Achlorhydria/chemically induced , Achlorhydria/metabolism , Animals , Anti-Ulcer Agents/adverse effects , Free Radicals/antagonists & inhibitors , Free Radicals/metabolism , Gastric Juice/metabolism , Gastric Juice/microbiology , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Gastrins/blood , Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism , Humans , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Male , Mouth/metabolism , Mouth/microbiology , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism , Omeprazole/adverse effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Periodontium/metabolism , Periodontium/microbiology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Salivary Glands/metabolism , Salivary Glands/microbiology , Stomach/microbiologyABSTRACT
It was investigated the effect of probiotic strains Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and VKB and their mixture on erosive and ulcerative lesions in the gastric mucosa (GM) of rats induced by water immersion restraint stress. It was found that separate prophylactic introduction for 14 days of Bifidobacterium animalis VKL or Bifidobacterium animalis VKB didn't protect the GM from erosive and ulcerative lesions induced by stress. Contrary prophylactic introduction of Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and VKB mixture has been effective in protecting the GM from the lesions. One of the mechanisms of the gastroprotection of these probiotic strains is prevention of mucus barrier from degradation, which was evident in decrease of free fucose and hexuronic acids content. These results confirm the expediency ofprobiotics use for the prevention of stress-induced lesions in the GM.
Subject(s)
Bifidobacterium/growth & development , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Probiotics/pharmacology , Stress, Psychological/pathology , Animals , Dietary Supplements , Disease Models, Animal , Female , Food Deprivation , Fructose/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/microbiology , Hexuronic Acids/metabolism , Hydroxyproline/metabolism , Probiotics/administration & dosage , Rats , Restraint, Physical , Stomach Ulcer/pathology , Stomach Ulcer/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Under conditions of omeprazole-induced hypergastrinemia the activity of NOS and the concentration of NO2-, the end product of metabolism of nitric oxide were studied in salivary glands of rats. We detected an increase in NOS activity, reaching a maximum (7.61+/-0.39 Mmol [NO2-]/(g*min) at 14th day of the experiment. At 28th day following omeprazole introduction its activity was 5,76+/-0.25 Mmol [NO2-]/(g*min).
Subject(s)
Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Gastrins/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism , Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis , Omeprazole/pharmacology , Salivary Glands/metabolism , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Gastrins/blood , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Salivary Glands/enzymology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The omeprazole-induced hypoacidity leads to metabolic disorders in the bone periodontal tissue: a disbalance of NO-ergic system, activation of collagen and noncollagen proteins catabolism. We have shown that such disorders are corrected by a multiprobiotic of new generation -- symbiter acidophilic.
Subject(s)
Gastric Acid/metabolism , Lactobacillus acidophilus , Mandible , Probiotics/pharmacology , Administration, Oral , Animals , Collagen/metabolism , Dietary Supplements , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Fructose/metabolism , Glycoproteins/metabolism , Glycosaminoglycans/metabolism , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Male , Mandible/drug effects , Mandible/metabolism , Mandible/pathology , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism , Omeprazole/pharmacology , Probiotics/administration & dosage , Proton Pump Inhibitors/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Chronic stress promoted disintegration of collagen and non-collagen proteins in the periodontal bone tissue, which depended on typological characteristics of animals. Stress-predisposed animals were characterized by most pronounced disturbances.
Subject(s)
Bone Matrix/chemistry , Bone and Bones/anatomy & histology , Periodontium/anatomy & histology , Stress, Psychological , Animals , Bone Matrix/metabolism , Bone and Bones/metabolism , Hexosamines/metabolism , Hydroxyproline/metabolism , Male , Mandible/anatomy & histology , Periodontium/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Tyrosine/metabolismABSTRACT
On the model of peptic ulcer the mechanisms of interrelations between salivary glands and stomach have been proved. Activation of proteolysis which took place together with a decrease in the activity of alpha 1--inhibitor for proteases in lipid peroxidation (LPO), and an increase in depolymerization of glycoproteins contributed much to that pathology. The most pronounced metabolic changes in the tissues of the salivary glands were observed in stress resistant animals. The preliminary administration of NO donor L-arginin prevented an activation of proteolysis and LPO intensity. It attenuated the pathogenic influence of the factors which induced the metabolic changes in salivary glands at peptic ulcer of the stomach.
Subject(s)
Arginine/therapeutic use , Salivary Glands/metabolism , Stomach Ulcer/complications , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Animals , Catalase/drug effects , Catalase/metabolism , Glycoproteins/drug effects , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Male , N-Acetylneuraminic Acid/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Salivary Glands/drug effects , Stress, Psychological/metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase/drug effects , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolismABSTRACT
Glutapyrone belonging to a new type of amino acid-containing 1,4-dihydropyridines produced a protective effect on periodontal tissues and gastric mucosa in rats with different resistance to stress during acute emotional and pain stress.
Subject(s)
Dihydropyridines/pharmacology , Glutamates/pharmacology , Periodontium/drug effects , Stomach/drug effects , Stress, Physiological/physiopathology , Animals , Male , Periodontium/physiopathology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Stomach/physiopathology , Stomach Ulcer/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Using the model of immobilizing stress it has been established the correlation of changes of proteolytic enzymes, the level of neuramin acid and the structural violations of parodontium and stomach. There was made a conclusion about high sensitivity of both parts of digestive system to stress factors which realise their parallel damage.
Subject(s)
Periodontal Diseases/etiology , Stomach Ulcer/etiology , Stress, Psychological/complications , Acute Disease , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Male , Neuraminic Acids/metabolism , Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism , Periodontal Diseases/metabolism , Periodontium/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Restraint, Physical , Stomach Ulcer/metabolism , Stress, Psychological/metabolismABSTRACT
The experiment on 52 Wistar rats was made to study dependence of connective tissue reactions on typological properties of the body. The type of the reaction is closely related with the degree of changes in connective tissue structures of the digestive organs (periodontium, stomach) and the lungs. Acute stress stimulates degradation of the noncollagen proteins of the connective tissue main substance.
Subject(s)
Body Constitution/physiology , Connective Tissue/physiopathology , Stress, Psychological/physiopathology , Acute Disease , Animals , Connective Tissue/chemistry , Fucose/analysis , Male , Neuraminic Acids/analysis , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Stress-induced changes in the stomach and periodontium were studied in animals with various types of nervous regulation pretreated with the regulatory peptide thymopentin. The interrelation between metabolic and structural changes in these highly sensitive to stress organs was revealed. Behaviorally active rats were most sensitive to stress. Pretreatment with thymopentin produced a stress-protective effect and attenuated stress-induced degradation of glycoproteins in digestive organs.
Subject(s)
Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Periodontium/metabolism , Stress, Physiological/metabolism , Animals , Male , Periodontium/drug effects , Rats , Stomach/drug effects , Thymopentin/pharmacologyABSTRACT
In the experiments on rats there was grounded the dependence of proteolytic processes in tissues during acute emotional painful stress from typological peculiarities of the organism that was defined by the method of "Open field".
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/physiology , Blood Pressure/physiology , Heart Rate/physiology , Motor Activity/physiology , Peptide Hydrolases/metabolism , Animals , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
On the model of acute stress in rats the dependence of accumulating of peroxide hydrogen from typological peculiarities of organism was determined. The highest level of activation of lipid peroxide oxidation coincides with maximally expressed impairing of stomach mucous membrane the dependence of processes of lipid peroxide oxidation in stress from typological peculiarities of organism was grounded as well as high effectiveness of correction of ulcerogenic effects by neuropeptide thymopentin.
Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Stress, Physiological/drug therapy , Thymopentin/therapeutic use , Acute Disease , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Stress, Physiological/enzymologyABSTRACT
Using the model of acute stress, it has been established that it promotes degradation of the connective tissue structures. It is testified by the elevation of collagenolytic enzymes and fucosa level in the blood serum and tissues (parodont, stomach, cornea). The degradation of connective tissues under the stress depend on the typological peculiarities of the nervous activities of the organism.
Subject(s)
Connective Tissue/metabolism , Stress, Psychological/metabolism , Acute Disease , Animals , Collagenases/metabolism , Cornea/metabolism , Fructose/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Lens, Crystalline/metabolism , Male , Periodontium/metabolism , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
It has been found that chronic stress in rats promotes an increase in the general collagenolytic activity of the parodontium soft tissues and resorption of its osseous tissue. Analogical changes in the mentioned parameters in case of spontaneous parodontitis confirm the significant role of a chronic stress in genesis of the parodontium damage.
Subject(s)
Periodontitis/etiology , Periodontium/pathology , Stress, Psychological/complications , Alveolar Bone Loss/enzymology , Alveolar Bone Loss/etiology , Alveolar Bone Loss/pathology , Animals , Chronic Disease , Collagenases/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Male , Periodontitis/enzymology , Periodontitis/pathology , Periodontium/enzymology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Stress, Psychological/enzymology , Stress, Psychological/pathologyABSTRACT
Acute emotional stress in people is followed by changes in oral fluid composition (sialic acid, components of proteolytic system, lipid of peroxidation products). The possibility to use these indices for estimation of the psychoemotional stress in people is based.