COVID-19 Inflammatory Syndrome: Lessons from TNFRI and CRP about the Risk of Death in Severe Disease.

Background/Objectives: Cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 is responsible for irreversible tissue damage and death. Soluble mediators from the TNF superfamily, their correlation with clinical outcome, and the use of TNF receptors as a potent predictor for clinical outcome were evaluated. Methods: Severe COVID-19 patients had the levels of soluble mediators from the TNF superfamily quantified and categorized according to the clinical outcome (death versus survival). Statistical modeling was performed to predict clinical outcomes. Results: COVID-19 patients have elevated serum levels from the TNF superfamily. Regardless of sex and age, the sTNFRI levels were observed to be significantly higher in deceased patients from the first weeks following the onset of symptoms. We analyzed hematological parameters and inflammatory markers, and there was a difference between the groups for the following factors: erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, neutrophils, band cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, CRP, IL-8, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-6, IL-4, IL-2, leptin MIF sCD40L, and sTNFRI (p < 0.05). A post hoc analysis showed an inferential capacity over 70% for some hematological markers, CRP, and inflammatory mediators in deceased patients. sTNFRI was strongly associated with death, and the sTNFRI/sTNFRII ratio differed between outcomes (p < 0.001; power above 90%), highlighting the impact of these proteins on clinical results. The final logistic model, including sTNFRI/sTNFRII and CRP, indicated high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and an eight-fold higher odds ratio for an unfavorable outcome. Conclusions: The joint use of the sTNFRI/sTNFRII ratio with CRP proves to be a promising tool to assist in the clinical management of patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

Unveiling the role of exercise in modulating plasma heat shock protein 27 levels: insights for exercise immunology and cardiovascular health.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, primarily driven by atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory condition contributing significantly to fatalities. Various biological determinants affecting cardiovascular health across different age and sex groups have been identified. In this context, recent attention has focused on the potential therapeutic and preventive role of increasing circulating levels of heat shock protein 27 (plasma HSP27) in combating atherosclerosis. Plasma HSP27 is recognized for its protective function in inflammatory atherogenesis, offering promising avenues for intervention and management strategies against this prevalent cardiovascular ailment. Exercise has emerged as a pivotal strategy in preventing and managing cardiovascular disease, with literature indicating an increase in plasma HSP27 levels post-exercise. However, there is limited understanding of the impact of exercise on the release of HSP27 into circulation. Clarifying these aspects is crucial for understanding the role of exercise in modulating plasma HSP27 levels and its potential implications for cardiovascular health across diverse populations. Therefore, this review aims to establish a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between plasma HSP27 and exercise.

Elevated NS1 serum levels reduce CD119 expression and CXCL-10 synthesis in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever.

BACKGROUND: The intensity of dengue virus (DV) replication and circulating non-structural protein 1 (NS1) levels may promote changes in the human immune response and favor severe forms of infection. We investigated the correlations between NS1 with CXCL-8, CXCL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-12p40 serum levels, and IFN-γ receptor α chain (CD119) expression, and CXCL10 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with recombinant IFN-γ in DV-infected patients with different clinical forms. METHODS: Dengue virus NS1, CXCL-8, CXCL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-12p40 serum levels were measured in 152 DV-infected patients with different clinical forms and 20 non-infected individuals (NI) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, we investigated the CXCL-10 production after in vitro IFN-γ stimulation of PBMCs from 48 DV-infected individuals (with different clinical forms of dengue fever) and 20 NI individuals using ELISA, and CD119 expression on CD14+ cells with flow cytometry. RESULTS: Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) had significantly higher NS1, CXCL-8, and CXCL-10 serum levels than those with classic dengue fever (DF). The response of PBMCs to IFN-γ stimulation was lower in patients with DHF than in those with DF or dengue with complications (DWC), with lower CD119 expression and reduced CXCL-10 synthesis. In addition, these alterations are associated with high NS1 serum levels. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with DHF reported high NS1 levels, low CD119 expression, and low CXCL-10 synthesis in PBMCs, which may be associated with infection progression and severity.

Antiprotozoal, Anthelmintic and Antivectorial Activities of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology has been established as a promising alternative for treating a myriad of disease-causing microorganisms that pose threats to human health. The utilization of nanoparticles (NPs) emerges as a strategy to enhance the therapeutic arsenal against these diseases, especially given the tendency of many pathogens to develop resistance to conventional medications. Notably, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) have garnered attention for their multifaceted biomedical applications, encompassing antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, antioxidant, and drug delivery properties. This review focuses on the cutting-edge potential of TiO2NPs against helminths, protozoa, and vectors, underscoring their pivotal role in combating these health-threatening agents.

Can changes in land use in a semi-arid region of Brazil cause seasonal variation in energy partitioning and evapotranspiration?

Changes to forests due to deforestation, or their replacement by agricultural areas, alter evapotranspiration and the partitioning of available energy. This study investigated seasonal variations in the energy balance and evapotranspiration in landscapes under different levels of anthropogenic intervention in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Micrometeorological data was obtained from September 2020 to October 2022 for three areas of the semi-arid region: preserved Caatinga (CAA, native vegetation), Caatinga under regeneration (REGE) and a deforested area (DEFA). Here, we use the Bowen ratio energy balance method. Measurements were taken of global solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, vapour pressure deficit, rainfall, net radiation, latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, soil heat flux, evapotranspiration, volumetric soil water content and Normalised Difference Vegetation Index. Sensible heat flux was the dominant flux in both areas with 66% for preserved Caatinga vegetation, 63% for Caatinga under regeneration and 62% deforested area. The latent heat flux was equivalent to 28% of the net radiation for preserved Caatinga vegetation, Caatinga under regeneration and deforested area. The evapotranspiration in turn responded as a function of water availability, being higher during the rainy seasons, with average values of 1.82 mm day-1 for preserved Caatinga vegetation, 2.26 mm day-1 for Caatinga under regeneration and 1.25 mm day-1 for deforested area. The Bowen ratio presented values > 1 in deforested area, preserved Caatinga vegetation and Caatinga under regeneration. Thus, it can be concluded that the change in land use alters the energy balance components, promoting reductions in available energy and latent and sensible heat fluxes during the rainy-dry transition in the deforested area. In addition, the seasonality of energy fluxes depends on water availability in the environment.

Estimated quantification of residual volume in vaccines supplies and its impact on the Brazilian health system.

Between 2017 and 2021, the Brazilian Unified Health System (BUHS) administered a total of 527,903,302 doses of immunizations. Each immunization results in the presence of a residual volume (RV) due to syringe dead space (DS). The International Organization for Standardization 7886-1 allows a DS of up to 0.07mL in sterile single-use hypodermic syringes with volumes less than 5mL. This study aims to quantify the DS of immunization devices used in Brazil, study the best combinations of needles and syringes to minimize RV, estimate the number of wasted doses from 2017 to 2021, and evaluate the impact on the BUHS. Pneumococcal 10 vaccine with a 25x6mm needle and a regular 1mL syringe exhibited a significantly higher average RV (0.0826mL) and waste rate (14.42%). It was observed that for some intramuscular vaccines, there is less waste when using a 20x5.5mm needle compared to a 25x6mm needle. The use of syringes with plunger stoppers that penetrate the syringe barrel, denoted as low dead space syringes, results in less RV and an estimated difference in the waste rate of approximately 10% compared to the regular syringe. The estimated number of wasted doses from 2017 to 2021 by BUHS is approximately 32 million doses.

Differential diagnosis of exanthematous viruses during the 2022 Mpox outbreak in Minas Gerais, Brazil.

The monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak, primarily endemic to Africa, has spread globally, with Brazil reporting the second-highest number of cases. The emergence of MPXV in non-endemic areas has raised concerns, particularly due to the co-circulation of other exanthematous viruses such as varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and molluscum contagiosum virus (MOCV). To perform an accurate differential diagnosis of MPXV during the ongoing outbreak in Minas Gerais, Brazil, a 5PLEX qPCR assay targeting orthopoxviruses (OPV), VZV, and MOCV was used to retrospectively analyze all clinical samples that tested negative for MPXV in the initial screening conducted at Funed. In summary, our study analyzed 1,175 clinical samples received from patients suspected of MPXV infection and found a positivity rate of 33.8% (397 samples) for MPXV using the non-variola qPCR assay. Testing the 778 MPXV-negative clinical samples using the 5PLEX qPCR assay revealed that 174 clinical samples (22.36%) tested positive for VZV. MOCV DNA was detected in 13 and other OPV in 3 clinical samples. The sequencing of randomly selected amplified clinical samples confirmed the initial molecular diagnosis. Analysis of patient profiles revealed a significant difference in the median age between groups testing positive for MPXV and VZV and a male predominance in MPXV cases. The geographic distribution of positive cases was concentrated in the most populous mesoregions of Minas Gerais state. This study highlights the challenges posed by emerging infectious diseases. It emphasizes the importance of epidemiological surveillance and accurate diagnosis in enabling timely responses for public health policies and appropriate medical care. IMPORTANCE: Brazil ranks second in the number of cases during the global monkeypox epidemic. The study, conducted in Minas Gerais, the second most populous state in Brazil with over 20 million inhabitants, utilized differential diagnostics, revealing a significant number of positive cases for other exanthematous viruses and emphasizing the need for accurate diagnoses. During the study, we were able to assess the co-circulation of other viruses alongside monkeypox, including varicella-zoster virus, molluscum contagiosum virus, and other orthopoxviruses. The significance of the research is underscored by the concentration of positive cases in populous areas, highlighting the challenges posed by emerging infectious diseases. This demographic context further amplifies the importance of the research in guiding public health policies and medical interventions, given the substantial population at risk. The study not only addresses a global concern but also holds critical implications for a state with such a large population and geographic expanse within Brazil. Overall, the study emphasizes the pivotal role of surveillance and precise diagnosis in guiding effective public health responses and ensuring appropriate medical interventions.

Resequencing of Brazilian locally adapted cattle breeds revealed variants in candidate genes and transcription factors for meat fatty acid profile.

The beef cattle industry has experienced a shift driven by a market demand for healthier meat, cost efficiency and environmental sustainability in recent years. Consequently, there has been a growing focus on the fatty acids content and functions of meat in cattle breeding programmes. Besides, a deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms influencing the expression of different phenotypes related to fatty acid profiles is crucial. In this study, we aimed to identify Single-Nucleotide Variants (SNV) and Insertion/Deletion (InDels) DNA variants in candidate genes related to fatty acid profiles described in genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic studies conducted in beef cattle breeds. Utilizing whole-genome re-sequencing data from Brazilian locally adapted bovine breeds, namely Caracu and Pantaneiro, we identified SNVs and InDels associated with 23,947 genes. From these, we identified 318 candidate genes related to fatty acid profiles that contain variants. Subsequently, we select only genes with SNVs and InDels in their promoter, 5' UTR and coding region. Through the gene-biological process network, approximately 19 genes were highlighted. Furthermore, considering the studied trait and a literature review, we selected the main transcription factors (TF). Functional analysis via gene-TF network allowed us to identify the 30 most likely candidate genes for meat fatty acid profile in cattle. LIPE, MFSD2A and SREBF1 genes were highlighted in networks due to their biological importance. Further dissection of these genes revealed 15 new variants found in promoter regions of Caracu and Pantaneiro sequences. The gene networks facilitated a better functional understanding of genes and TF, enabling the identification of variants potentially related to the expression of candidate genes for meat fatty acid profiles in cattle.

Genetic variation of FcγRIIa induces higher uptake of Leishmania infantum and modulates cytokine production by adherent mononuclear cells in vitro.

Introduction: Single nucleotide variations (SNVs) are specific genetic variations that commonly occur in a population and often do not manifest phenotypically. However, depending on their location and the type of nucleotide exchanged, an SNV can alter or inhibit the function of the gene in which it occurs. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptor genes have exhibited several polymorphisms, including rs1801274, which is found in the FcgRIIa gene. The replacement of A with T results in a Histidine (H) to Arginine (R) substitution, altering the affinity of the IgG receptor for IgG subtypes and C-reactive protein (CRP). In this study, we analyzed rs1801274 and its functional implications concerning L. Infantum uptake and cytokine production. Methods: We genotyped 201 individuals from an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis to assess the presence of rs1801274 using Taqman probes for a candidate gene study. Additionally, we included seventy individuals from a non-endemic area for a functional study. Subsequently, we isolated and cultivated one-week adherent mononuclear cells (AMCs) derived from the peripheral blood of participants residing in the non-endemic region in the presence of L. infantum promastigotes, with and without antigen-specific IgG and/or CRP. We analyzed the rate of phagocytosis and the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-12 p70, IL-1b, IL- 6, and IL-8 in the culture supernatants. Results and discussion: In participants from the endemic region, the A/G (H/R isoform) heterozygous genotype was significantly associated with susceptibility to the disease. Furthermore, SNVs induced a change in the phagocytosis rate in an opsonin-dependent manner. Opsonization with IgG increased the production of IL-10, TNF-a, and IL-6 in AMCs with the H/R isoform, followed by a decrease in NO production. The results presented here suggest that the rs1801274 polymorphism is linked to a higher susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis.

Toxicity Assessment of New Ag-ZnO/AgO Nanocomposites: An In Vitro and In Vivo Approach.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are metal oxide nanomaterials, which are important for several applications: antibacterial, anthelmintic, antiprotozoal and antitumoral, among others. These applications are mainly related to the ability to spontaneously produce and induce the production of reactive oxygen species that are important components for the destruction of pathogens and tumor cells. While trying to potentiate ZnO NPs, studies have associated these NPs with silver oxide (AgO) or silver (Ag) NPs. It has already been reported that this combination (Ag-ZnO/AgO NPs) is able to enhance the microbicidal potential. Although possessing much potential for several purposes, it is important to evaluate whether this association also poses the risk of toxicity to cells and experimental models. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the toxicity of various Ag-ZnO/AgO NP nanocomposites, in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, ZnO nanocrystals and nanocomposites with various concentrations of AgO (ZnO:5Ag, ZnO:9Ag or ZnO:11Ag) were used in different cytotoxicity models: Galleria mellonella (G. mellonella), cell lines (VERO and RAW 264.7) and C57BL/6 mice. In the G. mellonella model, four concentrations were used in a single dose, with subsequent evaluation of mortality. In the case of cells, serial concentrations starting at 125 µg/mL were used, with subsequent cytotoxicity assessment. Based on the safe doses obtained in G. mellonella and cell models, the best doses were used in mice, with subsequent evaluations of weight, biochemistry as also renal and liver histopathology. It was observed that the toxicity, although low, of the nanocomposites was dependent upon the concentration of AgO used in association with ZnO NPs, both in vitro and in vivo.

Metallic nanoparticles and treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (LC) is an infectious vector-borne disease caused by parasites belonging to the genus Leishmania. Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been investigated as alternatives for the treatment of LC owing to their small size and high surface area. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effect of MNPs in the treatment of LC through experimental, in vitro and in vivo investigations. METHODS: The databases used were MEDLINE/ PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Science Direct. Manual searches of the reference lists of the included studies and grey literature were also performed. English language and experimental in vitro and in vivo studies using different Leishmania species, both related to MNP treatment, were included. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021248245). RESULTS: A total of 93 articles were included. Silver nanoparticles are the most studied MNPs, and L. tropica is the most studied species. Among the mechanisms of action of MNPs in vitro, we highlight the production of reactive oxygen species, direct contact of MNPs with the biomolecules of the parasite, and release of metal ions. CONCLUSION: MNPs may be considered a promising alternative for the treatment of LC, but further studies are needed to define their efficacy and safety.

The Influence of IL-11 on Cardiac Fibrosis in Experimental Models: A Systematic Review.

Fibrosis is one of the main factors that impair the function of many organs. In the heart, fibrosis leads to contractile dysfunction and arrhythmias, which are important in the development of heart failure. Interleukin (IL)-11 is regulated in various heart diseases and has recently been reported to be an important cytokine in fibrosis in this organ. However, this topic has been little explored, and many questions persist. Thus, this systematic review aimed to report on possible IL-11 therapies evaluated in rodent model-induced cardiac fibrosis. Inclusion criteria were experimental in vivo studies that used different rodent models for cardiac fibrosis associated with IL-11 interventions, without year and language restrictions. The search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases was performed in October 2022. The risk of bias assessment of the studies was based on the guidelines of the SYRCLE tool, and data from the selected articles were also presented in a table as a narrative description. This review was based on eight studies in which five different interventions were used: recombinant human IL-11 (rhIL-11), anti-IL11 (X203), recombinant mouse IL-11 (rmIL-11), lentivirus (LV)-IL-11 + lutein, and anti-IL11RA (X209). Based on the included studies, the results were variable, with IL-11 overexpression inducing cardiac fibrosis, while inhibition protected against this process, preserving the function of this organ. Therefore, IL-11 stands out as a promising therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis. However, further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms triggered by each treatment, as well as its safety and immunogenicity.

A Global View of Pemphigus: Geographical Variations.

Pemphigus, an autoimmune intraepidermal bullous disease group with roughly eight distinct forms, includes pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) as its predominant global forms. Despite the increased utilization of global health records and reporting systems, epidemiological data remain limited and poorly categorized. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a review to track, identify, and characterize cases of PV and PF published and categorized worldwide. A research question was formulated; studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria; and data from these publications were systematically collected, summarized, and presented using narrative descriptions. The search strategy yielded 3,212 articles, of which 95 underwent critical analysis and data extraction. Studies from 52 countries contributed to the dataset, covering various pemphigus variants. Notably, only two countries, Iran (18.87%) and South Korea (11.43%), accounted for approximately a third of the reported PV cases, while Brazil contributed 40.25% of the foliaceus variants cases documented in the literature. These findings offer valuable insights into the global distribution of pemphigus and inform future research and healthcare efforts.

Intraoral Radiographic Study of the Pulp Cavity of the Shortfin Mako Shark (Isurus Oxyrinchus).

The shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) is a large pelagic predator that inhabits coastal and ocean waters. It has several teeth arranged in rows that run from the rostral to the lingual face. These teeth are in several stages of maturation, where the teeth closest to the rostral face are more mature and functional and the teeth closest to the lingual face are still in development. The tooth supply of the shark is unlimited throughout its life. The mechanism of tooth replacement follows that, when the front teeth are discarded physiologically, the posterior teeth replace it. This study us used a head and dental arch of I. oxyrinchus. Intraoral radiographs were obtained with the aim to show details of the pulp cavity. The study concluded that the pulp diameter varies according to the stage of dental maturation.

Serosurvey of Coxiella burnetii in Descendants of Former Black Slaves (Quilombola Communities) of Southern Brazil.

Brazilian descendants of former Black-slave (quilombola) communities have been predisposed to several zoonotic diseases due to social vulnerability, characterized by subsistence and close contact with livestock and companion animals. Accordingly, the present study has assessed anti-Coxiella burnetii antibodies in 200 individuals and 20 dogs from four quilombola communities located in Paraná State, southern Brazil. Serum samples were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using in-house and commercial diagnostic protocols, with analysis of seropositive titers and antibody type. Fisher's exact test was used to compare seropositivity to C. burnetti with binary variables, with variables with three or more possible responses submitted to logistic regression. In total, 44/200 (22%; 95% CI 16.82-28.24) people tested positive, and 4.5% had titers higher than 128, indicating a recent onset of C. burnetii infection. Seropositive individuals were statistically associated with the Limitão community (p = 0.0013), urban workers as occupations (p = 0.0475), consumption of undercooked meat (p = 0.0159), and contact with animal abortion (p = 0.0276). No seropositivity association was found for age, sex, education, habit of entering forest areas, consumption of game meat, consumption of raw milk, flea and tick bites, dog contact, or history of female miscarriage. Only one of 20 dogs was seropositive with a titer of 128, probably related to an acute animal infection. Despite the prevalence here being higher than previous Brazilian reports, including with symptomatic populations, the results were within range for worldwide outbreaks and occupational risk populations. To the reader's knowledge, this is the first human survey of Q fever in southern Brazil and should be considered a warning for C. burnetii in vulnerable populations, particularly Quilombola communities.

Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in sheep herd from Paraguay: First evidence of bacterial circulation in the country.

Coxiella burnetii is the agent of Q fever, a disease that poses risks to public health and damages livestock. We discovered the circulation of C. burnetii for the first time in Paraguay, based on the seropositivity of a flock of >300 sheep. The animals were tested by IFA for anti-C. burnetii antibodies and by SAM for anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies, an important differential diagnosis for reproductive disorders in sheep in Paraguay. C. burnetii seropositivity was determined in 45%, in contrast to Leptospira spp. which had no reactive samples. Cases of miscarriage and fetal resorption were associated with high seropositivity titers. This study suggests the circulation of a unique genotype in the country and an imminent risk to public health, since in addition to being highly transmissible and infectious to humans, Q fever is still not a cause for concern on the part of government and health agencies in the country.

Effects of amino acid supplementation on muscle mass, muscle performance and functional capacity in subjects undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.

The aim of the present study was to summarize the effectiveness of amino acid supplementation on muscle strength, muscle volume, and functional capacity in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. For this, in November 2022, a search was carried out in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases, identifying a total of 2182 documents, of which only 4 were included in the present review. The included studies had 148 participants (47 men and 101 women), with a minimum age of 53 and a maximum of 92 years, and supplementation times of 13 to 30 days (1 to 3 times a day). For the results, in relation to muscle performance, when comparing the control and experimental groups, greater muscle atrophy was observed in the pre- and post-moments of the control group, in relation to the experimental group. In addition, studies suggest a good tendency for muscle mass gain, and improvement in the functional capacities of patients who used supplementation. Therefore, the use of amino acids after TKA surgery reduces muscle atrophy, which preserves muscle mass and leads to better performance in tests of strength and functional capacity, when compared to the use of a placebo.

Elevated NS1 serum levels reduce CD119 expression and CXCL-10 synthesis in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever

ABSTRACT Background: The intensity of dengue virus (DV) replication and circulating non-structural protein 1 (NS1) levels may promote changes in the human immune response and favor severe forms of infection. We investigated the correlations between NS1 with CXCL-8, CXCL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-12p40 serum levels, and IFN-γ receptor α chain (CD119) expression, and CXCL10 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with recombinant IFN-γ in DV-infected patients with different clinical forms. Methods: Dengue virus NS1, CXCL-8, CXCL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-12p40 serum levels were measured in 152 DV-infected patients with different clinical forms and 20 non-infected individuals (NI) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, we investigated the CXCL-10 production after in vitro IFN-γ stimulation of PBMCs from 48 DV-infected individuals (with different clinical forms of dengue fever) and 20 NI individuals using ELISA, and CD119 expression on CD14+ cells with flow cytometry. Results: Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) had significantly higher NS1, CXCL-8, and CXCL-10 serum levels than those with classic dengue fever (DF). The response of PBMCs to IFN-γ stimulation was lower in patients with DHF than in those with DF or dengue with complications (DWC), with lower CD119 expression and reduced CXCL-10 synthesis. In addition, these alterations are associated with high NS1 serum levels. Conclusions: Patients with DHF reported high NS1 levels, low CD119 expression, and low CXCL-10 synthesis in PBMCs, which may be associated with infection progression and severity.

Estresse e qualidade de vida em docentes universitários / Stress and quality of life in university professors / Estrés y calidad de vida en profesores universitarios

Objetivo: analisar o nível de estresse e qualidade de vida em docentes universitários segundo a literatura científica. Método:foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica cujos dados foram coletados no período compreendido entre fevereiro de 2023 e março de 2023, utilizando-se como fontes a biblioteca eletrônica Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e as bases de dados Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências Sociais e da Saúde (LILACS), Bases de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF) e PubMed. Resultados:Entre os fatores estressores, destacam-se a alta carga de trabalho, a falta de reconhecimento, a pressão por publicações e as relações interpessoais no ambiente de trabalho. Esses fatores podem afetar negativamente a saúde física e psicológica dos docentes, bem como sua vida pessoal, comprometendo seu bem-estar e sua satisfação profissional. Por outro lado, a revisão bibliográfica também apontou programas de intervenção que visam reduzir o estresse e promover a qualidade de vida dos docentes universitários, baseados em estratégias de prevenção, coping e apoio social. Conclusão:é fundamental compreender a relação entre estresse e qualidade de vida em docentes universitários, bem como desenvolver estratégias que possam minimizar o impacto do estresse e melhorar o bem-estar desses profissionais

Objective: to analyze the level of stress and quality of life in university professors according to the scientific literature. Method:a bibliographic review was carried out whose data were collected between February 2023 and March 2023, using as sources the electronic library Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and the databases Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Social and Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Databases (BDENF) and PubMed. Results:Among the stressors, high workload, lack of recognition, pressure for publications and interpersonal relationships in the work environment stand out. These factors can negatively affect the physical and psychological health of teachers, as well as their personal life, compromising their well-being and professional satisfaction. On the other hand, the literature review also pointed out intervention programs that aim to reduce stress and promote the quality of life of university professors, based on strategies of prevention, coping and social support. Conclusion:it is essential to understand the relationship between stress and quality of life in university professors, as well as to develop strategies that can minimize the impact of stress and improve the well-being of these professional

Objetivo: analizar el nivel de estrés y la calidad de vida en profesores universitarios según la literatura científica. Método:se realizó una revisión bibliográfica cuyos datos fueron recolectados entre febrero de 2023 y marzo de 2023, utilizando como fuentes la biblioteca electrónica Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) y las bases de datos Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Social and Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Databases (BDENF) y PubMed. Resultados:Entre los estresores, se destacan la alta carga de trabajo, la falta de reconocimiento, la presión por las publicaciones y las relaciones interpersonales en el ambiente de trabajo. Estos factores pueden afectar negativamente la salud física y psicológica de los docentes, así como su vida personal, comprometiendo su bienestar y satisfacción profesional.Por otro lado, la revisión de la literatura también señaló programas de intervención que tienen como objetivo reducir el estrés y promover la calidad de vida de los profesores universitarios, basados en estrategias de prevención, afrontamiento y apoyo social. Conclusión:es esencial comprender la relación entre estrés y calidad de vida en profesores universitarios, así como desarrollar estrategias que puedan minimizar el impacto del estrés y mejorar el bienestar de estos profesionales.

Nutritional Status and Physical Activity Level of Administrative Employees in a Private Higher Education Institution / Estado Nutricional e Nível de Atividade Física de Colaboradores Administrativos em uma Instituição de Nível Superior Privada

The low level of physical activity as well as overweight/obesity are associated with chronic diseases, which are the predominant causes of mortality, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and the physical activity level of administrative collaborators in a private high education institution. A cross-sectional study was performed in 2023 in administrative collaborators of an university located in Niteroi, RJ. Collected data: personal information and health data (questionnaire), weight and height for nutrition status ("adequate body weight or overweight/obese" according to body mass index) and physical activity level ("low or adequate") according to international questionnaire (IPAQ, short version). Statistical analysis: SPSS, v.21. Results: A total of 54 administrative collaborators (female 70.4%), with means: 37.7 (10.9) years old, body weight 78.0 (22.3) kg, body mass index 28.2 (6.4) Kg/m², with no statistical difference in age by sex (p=0.78) and higher body mass index in men (p=0.012) compared to women. Overweight/obesity was observed in 61,1% (n=33) (CI: 46.9; 764.1%) of the sample. Low physical activity level in 37% (n=20) (CI: 24.3; 51.3%) and adequate in 63% (n=34) (CI: 48.7; 75.7%) of the administrative collaborators, with no statistical difference by nutritional status (p=0.89) nor by sex (p=0.96). It is necessary the development of actions to promote regular physical activity practices among administrative collaborators, including institutional programs for this purpose. These actions can minimize the risk of obesity/overweight, in addition to other complications associated with low level of physical activity. (AU)

O baixo nível de atividade física, bem como o sobrepeso/obesidade estão associados à doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, principais causas de mortalidade, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento. O objetivo foi avaliar o estado nutricional e o nível de atividade física de colaboradores administrativos de uma instituição privada de ensino superior. Estudo transversal realizado no ano de 2023 em colaboradores administrativos de uma universidade localizada em Niterói, RJ. Os dados coletados foram: informações pessoais e dados de saúde (questionário), peso e altura para estado nutricional ("peso corporal adequado ou sobrepeso/obesidade", conforme índice de massa corporal) e nível de atividade física ("baixo ou adequado") de acordo com questionário internacional (IPAQ, versão curta). Análise estatística: SPSS, v.21. Foram avaliados 54 colaboradores administrativos (sexo feminino 70,4%), com médias: 37,7 (10,9) anos, peso corporal 78,0 (22,3) kg, índice de massa corporal 28,2 (6,4) Kg/m², sem diferença estatística na idade por sexo (p=0,78) e maior índice de massa corporal entre homens em relação às mulheres (p=0,012). Sobrepeso/obesidade foi observado em 61,1% (n=33) (IC: 46,9; 74,1%) da amostra. Baixo nível de atividade física em 37% (n=20) (IC: 24,3; 51,3%) e adequado em 63% (n=34) (IC: 48,7; 75,7%) dos colaboradores administrativos, sem diferença estatística por estado nutricional (p=0,89) e sexo (p=0,96). Conclui-se serem necessárias ações que promovam a prática regular de atividade física entre colaboradores administrativos, incluindo programas institucionais para esse fim. Essas ações podem minimizar o risco de obesidade/sobrepeso, além de outras intercorrências associadas ao baixo nível de atividade física. (AU)