ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In newborns with complex esophageal atresia, there are situations in which a primary anastomosis cannot be safely performed. The alternative is performing a late anastomosis after the esophageal ends have gone through a period of spontaneous growth or after elongations of the distant ends of the esophagus and create an anastomosis under tension which causes risks of morbidity. An alternative to the elongation procedures is to perform a cervical esophagostomy with a gastrostomy for nutritional support and later on an esophageal replacement. The purposes of this retrospective chart review study are to report on our experience with esophageal substitution procedures in such cases, address the quality of life of a group of patients, and compare our results with those of patients who underwent esophageal elongation procedures as reported in the literature. METHODS: Patients with esophageal atresia underwent esophageal replacement procedures and quality of life was assessed in a group of esophagocoloplasty patients. RESULTS: From February 1978 to July 2019, 276 children (232 colonic interpositions and 44 total gastric transpositions) were studied; the most frequent complication was cervical anastomosis leakage [70 (30.2%) esophagocoloplasty patients and 7 (15.9%) gastric transposition patients], which sealed spontaneously in all but 4 patients. The quality of life was considered excellent or good in approximately 90% of the studied 70 out of the 276 patients; the comparison with the esophageal elongation procedures showed that esophageal substitution procedures promoted excellent long-term results with normal deglutition function (98.2% of patients, versus 33.3%, 36.5%, and 62.5%, respectively from the elongation series, P <0.0001 for all comparisons). CONCLUSION: Esophagocoloplasty or total gastric transposition is a good alternative to treat patients with complex esophageal atresia. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.
Subject(s)
Esophageal Atresia , Esophagoplasty , Anastomosis, Surgical , Child , Esophageal Atresia/complications , Esophageal Atresia/surgery , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Quality of Life , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
A técnica de Ivor Lewis modificada, utilizada para a ressecção do câncer de esôfago, consiste na combinação de toracotomia direita e laparotomia, seguida de anastomose esofagogástrica intratorácica. Apesar de ser o tratamento de eleição em muitos serviços, não há critérios rigorosos para sua indicação. Neste relato de caso o paciente apresenta antecedente de carcinoma espinocelular invadindo pele e mandíbula tratado com radioterapia e cirurgia. Durante o seguimento se diagnosticou neoplasia esofágica, que foi tratada por cirurgia de Ivor Lewis modificada, seguida de complicações leves e boa evolução. A técnica de Ivor Lewis modificada é uma opção adequada para o tratamento da neoplasia esofágica, sendo sua melhor indicação nos casos em que há radioterapia cervical prévia, já que esta torna a cervicotomia um procedimento de alto risco para lesões vasculares e/ou de vias aéreas. Entretanto, a decisão da técnica a ser utilizada para a ressecção do câncer de esôfago ficará a cargo do cirurgião.
