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1.
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob ; 22(1): 36, 2023 May 13.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37179313

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Curvularia hawaiiensis (formerly Bipolaris hawaiiensis) is a plant pathogen often isolated from soil and vegetative material. However, only a few cases of opportunistic invasive infections in humans have been described. CASE: A 16-year-old female patient without comorbidities was admitted to the emergency department because of fever and chest pain. We described the first coinfection of Curvularia hawaiiensis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis necrotising pneumonia. DISCUSSION: Multiple infections can alter immune responses. However, immunosuppression is the most critical risk factor for infection with species of the genus Curvularia. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully examine patients with tuberculosis, as they may rarely be coinfected with unusual fungi.


Subject(s)
Ascariasis , Coinfection , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Pneumonia, Necrotizing , Humans , Adolescent , Curvularia , Coinfection/diagnosis
2.
Rev. argent. endocrinol. metab ; 54(3): 130-135, set. 2017. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-957978

ABSTRACT

Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron: 1) determinar la frecuencia de hipotiroidismo subclínico (HSC) en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC), y 2) evaluar los cambios en la función renal de pacientes con ERC e HSC luego del tratamiento con levotiroxina. Se estudió a 182 pacientes, 99 con ERC y 83 sin ERC (grupo control), entre 20 y 70 años de edad, de ambos sexos, atendidos en centros de salud y consultorios hospitalarios de Posadas, Misiones. La frecuencia de HSC en el grupo con ERC fue del 28,3% y en el grupo control 14,5% (p = 0,025). Los pacientes con ERC e HSC fueron derivados al servicio de endocrinología, donde luego de 3 meses de tratamiento con levotiroxina, se revaluó la función renal, observando en todos los pacientes disminución en los niveles de creatinina sérica y aumento del índice de filtrado glomerular. Sobre la base de estos hallazgos se podría recomendar el estudio de la función tiroidea a todo paciente con ERC de causa desconocida, considerando al HSC entre las posibles causas de deterioro de la función renal.


The objectives of the present study were: 1) to determine the frequency of Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCH) in patients with Chronic Renal Disease (CKD), and 2) to evaluate the changes in renal function in patients with CKD and SCH after treatment with levothyroxine. A total of 182 patients were studied, 99 with CKD and 83 without CKD (control group), with ages between 20 and 70 years old, of both sexes, attending health centres and hospital clinics in Posadas, Misiones, Argentina. The frequency of SCH was 28.3% in the CKD group, and 14.5% in the control group (P=.025). Patients with CKD and SCH were referred to medical endocrinology, where after three months of treatment with levothyroxine, renal function was evaluated, after which a decrease in serum creatinine levels and an increase in the glomerular filtration rate were observed in all patients. Based on these findings, the study of thyroid function should be recommended for all patients with CKD of unknown cause, considering SCH among the possible causes of impaired renal function.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Hypothyroidism/complications , Thyroxine/therapeutic use , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Hypothyroidism/drug therapy
3.
Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 96(5): 1151-1154, 2017 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28193741

ABSTRACT

AbstractReported herein is the first case of Leishmania-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection in Ecuador. In Ecuador, HIV infections overlap endemic areas of leishmaniasis. Immunosuppression is a well-established risk factor for developing severe disease. This is a severe case of a 32-year-old man presenting with disseminated pleomorphic ulcers, papules, and cutaneous plaque-like lesions over his whole body. Numerous amastigotes were observed in both skin scrapings and biopsies. The sequence of the cytochrome b gene confirmed the presence of Leishmania guyanensis. The patient was treated but failed to respond to meglumine antimoniate and amphotericin B. Six months later, the patient died due to bacterial septic shock.


Subject(s)
HIV Infections/virology , Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous/parasitology , Shock, Septic/pathology , Adult , Amphotericin B/therapeutic use , Antiprotozoal Agents/therapeutic use , Coinfection , Cytochromes b/genetics , Fatal Outcome , HIV/growth & development , HIV Infections/diagnosis , HIV Infections/pathology , Humans , Leishmania guyanensis/drug effects , Leishmania guyanensis/genetics , Leishmania guyanensis/isolation & purification , Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous/diagnosis , Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous/drug therapy , Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous/pathology , Male , Meglumine/therapeutic use , Meglumine Antimoniate , Organometallic Compounds/therapeutic use , Protozoan Proteins/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Shock, Septic/diagnosis , Shock, Septic/parasitology , Shock, Septic/virology , Skin/parasitology , Skin/pathology , Skin/virology , Treatment Failure
4.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 44(3): 251-261, 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899828

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Los estudiantes universitarios son particularmente vulnerables a una inadecuada nutrición, con la subsecuente afectación en su estado nutricional y de salud. Objetivo: Investigar la frecuencia de exceso de peso (EP) y algunos de sus factores asociados en estudiantes de la Universidad de Antioquia-Colombia. Métodos: Estudio transversal en 424 estudiantes, ambos sexos, con edades de 21,4±4,0 años. El EP se diagnosticó según índice de masa corporal (IMC) ≥ 25 kg/m2; el riesgo de adiposidad central (RAC) como perímetro de cintura (PC) ≥ 80 cm en mujeres y ≥ 90 cm en hombres. Se midieron variables sociodemográficas y asociadas con el estilo de vida (EV). Se empleó estadística descriptiva, prueba Chi2 y α = 0,05. Resultados: El 17,1% de los estudiantes presentó EP, mayor en hombres que en mujeres (22,6% vs 14,0%); un 8,1% mostró RAC, mayor en mujeres (9,1% vs 6,5%). El IMC se asoció con el sexo (p= 0,001). El RAC no mostró asociación con las características sociodemográficas ni de EV. Conclusión: Un porcentaje considerable de los universitarios presentó exceso de peso establecidos a partir de IMC, lo cual fue asociado al sexo del estudiante. No obstante, es importante promover espacios universitarios que propendan por estilos de vida saludables.


ABSTRACT Introduction: University students are particularly vulnerable to inadequate food intake, which has consequences for their nutritional and health status. Objective: To study the prevalence of overweight (OW) and its associated factors among a group of students at University of Antioquia, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 424 male and female students 21.4±4.0 years of age. OW was diagnosed by body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2; risk of central adiposity was measured by waist circumference (WC) ≥ 90 cm and ≥ 80 cm in men and women, respectively. Socio-demographic and lifestyle variables were measured. Chi2 test (a = 0.05) was used as a descriptive statistic. Results: 17.1% of students had OW, which was higher in men (men: 22.6% vs women 14.0%, p< 0.05); 8.1% had risk of central adiposity higher, which was higher in women (men: 6.5% vs women: 9.1%, p> 0.05). BMI was associated with sex (p= 0.001). Risk of central adiposity was not related with socio-demographic or lifestyle characteristics. Conclusion: A considerable percentage of university students were overweight based on BMI, which related to sex of the student. However, it is important to promote university spaces that are conducive to healthy lifestyles.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students , Body Mass Index , Universities , Overweight , Life Style , Socioeconomic Factors , Nutritional Status
5.
Colomb Med (Cali) ; 44(3): 146-54, 2013 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24892612

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to observe the relationship between socioeconomic status, height and nutritional problems related to obesity, overweight and risk of metabolic complications in men and women of Medellin (Colombia). METHODS: cross-sectional study with a sample of 5556 adults between 18 and 69 years of age. We assessed weight, height and waist circumference. Socioeconomic variables were evaluated by family income, socioeconomic stratum and academic level achieved. RESULTS: we found that in men and women the height reached in adulthood is associated with socioeconomic conditions as measured by the socioeconomic strata and family income. In women, height, age, and socioeconomic strata are associated with obesity, overweight and risk of obesity, and risk of metabolic complications. CONCLUSION: These results are not only from individual unhealthy habits, such as eating patterns based on high density foods combined with low energy expenditure, but also from the cumulative effect of food deprivation throughout life. Therefore, policies intended to prevent them should take a preventive approach that begins before birth and continues during childhood and adulthood.


OBJETIVO: Observar las relaciones entre estatus socioeconómico, estatura y problemas nutricionales de sobrepeso, obesidad, riesgo de complicaciones metabólicas en hombres y mujeres de Medellín. MÉTODOS: estudio transversal, descriptivo con una muestra de 5556 adultos con edades entre 18 y 69 años. Se evaluaron peso, estatura y perímetro de cintura. Como variables socioeconómicas se evaluaron los ingresos familiares, el estrato socioeconómico y el nivel educativo. RESULTADOS: Se encontró que en hombres y mujeres la estatura alcanzada está asociada con las condiciones socioeconómicas medidas por estrato e ingresos familiares. En las mujeres la estatura alcanzada, la edad y el estrato están asociados con la obesidad, el sobrepeso y los riesgos de complicaciones metabólicas. CONCLUSIÓN: la obesidad, el sobrepeso y el riesgo de complicaciones metabólicas en la adultez son el resultado no solo de hábitos individuales no saludables como patrón alimentario basado en alimentos altamente energéticos, sumado a bajo gasto calórico, sino también a una acumulación de privaciones alimentarias a lo largo de la vida y deben ser intervenidas desde la etapa C, la infancia y en la adultez.

6.
Rev. gerenc. políticas salud ; 11(23): 98-110, dic. 2012. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-666561

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: establecer los factores sociales y económicos asociados con la obesidad en adultos en Medellín. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal. Muestra constituida por 5556 adultos entre 18 y 64 años de edad. Se analizó el ingreso familiar, el nivel educativo, la actividad ocupacionaly el estrato social. Resultados: se encontró mayor obesidad en las mujeres que en los hombres y en el grupo de mayor edad. El nivel educativo, el estrato social y los ingresos familiares seasociaron con mayor riesgo de obesidad. En el caso de los ingresos familiares, el factor más relevante fue si la cantidad devengada por la familia era suficiente para garantizar la seguridad alimentaria. Conclusiones: los factores sociales y económicos que tuvieron un rol significativo en la distribución social de la obesidad, fueron aquellos de mayor peso en la desigualdad socialen Colombia: la educación, los ingresos y la calidad de la vivienda y del entorno urbano...


Objective: to establish the social and economic factors associated to obesity in adults of Medellin. Methods: the study was cross-sectional descriptive; sample size was 5556 people aged from 18to 64. The social and economic factors analyzed were family monthly income, educational level, social stratum and occupational activity. Results: we found increased obesity in women andin the age group from 45 to 64. Educational level, social stratum, and family monthly income were associated with an increased risk of obesity. Related to family income, the most decisive fact was whether or not families earn enough to get food security. Conclusions: the social andeconomic factors had a meaningful role in the prevalence of obesity were the same related to social inequalities in Colombia: education, family income and housing and neighborhood quality...


Objetivo: estabelecer os fatores sociais e econômicos associados à obesidade em adultos em Medellín. Métodos: estudo descritivo, transversal. Amostra constituída por 5556 adultos entre 18e 64 anos de idade. Analisaram-se as rendas familiares, nível educativo, atividade ocupacional e estrato social. Resultados: Encontrou-se maior nível de obesidade nas mulheres do que noshomens e no grupo de maior idade. O nível educativo, o estrato social e as rendas familiares associaram-se com um risco maior de obesidade. No caso das rendas familiares, o fator maisrelevante foi se o monto ganho pela família foi suficiente para garantir a segurança alimentar. Conclusões: os fatores sociais e econômicos com um papel significativo na distribuição socialda obesidade foram aqueles com peso maior na desigualdade social na Colômbia: educação, rendas e qualidade da moradia e do entorno urbano...


Subject(s)
Quality of Life/psychology , Behavioral Research/trends , Obesity , Social Justice
7.
BMJ Open ; 2(5)2012.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22983876

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a simple clinical prediction rule, based on variables easily measurable at admission, to identify patients at high risk of developing delirium during their hospital stay on an internal medicine ward. DESIGN: Prospective study of two cohorts of patients admitted between 1 May and 30 June 2008 (derivation cohort), and between 1 May and 30 June 2009 (validation cohort). SETTING: A tertiary hospital in Donostia-Gipuzkoa (Spain). PARTICIPANTS: In total 397 patients participated in the study. The mean age and incidence of delirium were 75.9 years and 13%, respectively, in the derivation cohort, and 75.8 years and 25% in the validation cohort. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The predictive variables analysed and finally included in the rule were: being aged 85 years old or older, being dependent in five or more activities of daily living, and taking two or more psychotropic drugs (antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, anticonvulsant and/or antidementia drugs). The variable of interest was delirium as defined by the short Confusion Assessment Method, which assesses four characteristics: acute onset and fluctuating course, inattention, disorganised thinking and altered level of consciousness. RESULTS: We developed a rule in which the individual risk of delirium is obtained by adding one point for each criterion met (age≥85, high level of dependence, and being on psychotropic medication). The result is considered positive if the score is ≥1. The rule accuracy was: sensitivity=93.4% (95% CI 85.5% to 97.2%), specificity=60.6% (95% CI 54.1% to 66.8%), positive predictive value=44.4% (95% CI 36.9% to 52.1%) and negative predictive value=96.5% (95% CI: 92% to 98.5%). The area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.85 for the validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS: The presence or absence of any of the three predictive factors (age≥85, high level of dependence and psychotropic medication) allowed us to classify patients on internal medicine wards according to the risk of developing delirium. The simplicity of the variables in our clinical prediction rule means that the data collection required is feasible in busy medicine units.

8.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 39(3): 58-64, set. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-657709

ABSTRACT

Functional breads constitute an interesting alternative as a vehicle of new dietary fiber sources. Two ingredients which are obtained and used at regional levels were studied: green banana flour (GBF) (Musa acuminata var nanica) and American carob flour (CF) (Prosopis alba). Breads were made mixing these flours with wheat flour (WF): GBF/WF 50:50 and CF/WF 25:75. Proximal composition of all samples was assessed according to AOAC methods. Iron, zinc and calcium contents were determined by AAS and mineral dialyzability using an in vitro method. The studied flours as well as the breads were characterized by high dietary fiber contents (12.4 and 31.0 in GBF and CF; and 6.9 and 10.2 in the green banana and carob breads, respectively). Breads had about 22% less available carbohydrates than white bread. Mineral dialyzability increased in breads about 30 to 50%, since fermentation promotes phytates degradation. The greatest effect was observed on iron dialyzability. These results indicate that these flours might be promising ingredients for use in the design of functional breads, with important levels of dietary fiber. These breads may be labeled as high fiber products according to current national regulations (minimum 6%). The inclusion of CF contributed to higher iron and calcium levels while the use of GBF, due to its functional properties, allowed for a greater replacement of wheat flour.


Los panes funcionales representan una alternativa interesante como vehículo de nuevas fuentes de fibra. Se estudiaron materias primas cuya obtención y uso es aún de tipo artesanal: la harina de banana verde (HBV) (Musa acuminata var nanica) y la harina de algarroba (HA) (Prosopis alba). Se elaboraron panes en mezcla con harina de trigo (HT): HBV/HT 50:50 y HA/HT 25:75. La composición centesimal de todas las muestras se realizó según AOAC. Se determinó el contenido de hierro, zinc y calcio por EAA y la dializabilidad mineral por un método in vitro. Tanto las materias primas como los panes se caracterizaron por un alto contenido de fibra (12,4 y 31,0 para HBV y HA y 6,9 y 10,2 para los panes de harina de plátano y algarroba respectivamente). Los panes presentaron alrededor de 22% menos de carbohidratos disponibles que el pan blanco. La dializabilidad de minerales se incrementó en los panes entre un 30 y un 50% ya que la fermentación promueve la degradación de los fitatos. El mayor efecto se observó sobre la dializabilidad de hierro. Estos resultados señalan a estas harinas como ingredientes promisorios para su utilización en el diseño de panes funcionales, con un importante aporte de fibra dietaria, que permite considerarlos alimentos ricos en fibra, de acuerdo a la legislación vigente (Código Alimentario Argentino) que señala un mínimo de 6% para dichos productos. La inclusión de HA contribuyó a un mayor aporte de hierro y calcio, mientras que la de HBV, por sus características funcionales, permitió un mayor reemplazo de harina de trigo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bread , Dietary Fiber , Functional Food , Flour , Fruit , Minerals
9.
Perspect. nutr. hum ; 14(1): 33-45, ene.-jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-659432

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: comparar los resultados de la evaluación nutricional de los menores de 18 años de Medellín usando los estándares de la OMS, su sistema de clasificación y el propuesto por el Ministerio de la Protección Social de Colombia. Materiales y métodos: se evaluó el estado nutricional por los indicadores talla/edad e índice de masa corporal en menores de 18 y peso/talla en menores de cinco pertenecientes a 2.719 hogares urbanos y rurales de la ciudad de Medellín, que participaron en el estudio Perfil alimentario y nutricional de Medellín 2010, realizado por la Alcaldía de Medellín. Resultados: se encontraron menores prevalencias de peso/talla e IMC adecuados y mayores de sobrepeso y obesidad en menores de cinco años usando la clasificación colombiana, en relación con la de la OMS. Situación similar a la descrita para IMC se encontró en los mayores de 5 años. Las diferencias se explican por utilizar distintos puntos de corte e inclusión de nuevas categorías de riego nutricional. Conclusiones: aunque se requieren más estudios para alcanzar conclusiones definitivas, para estudios poblacionales posiblemente no se requiera introducir las categorías de riesgo nutricional, ni cambiar los puntos de corte para establecer sobrepeso y obesidad, pues los nuevos estándares de la OMS son más exigentes que otros patrones para evaluar estas dos condiciones. En el seguimiento individual se recomienda complementar la información antropométrica con aspectos sociales, antecedentes familiares y hábitos de crianza en niños con IMC entre >1 y ≤2 desviaciones estándar.


Objective: to compare the results of nutritional assessment of children and adolescents under 18 years of age using the WHO growth standards and the cut-off points proposed by the resolution 2121 of 2010 of the Social Security Ministry of Colombia. Materials and methods: we evaluated the nutritional status by using the indicators height/age and body max index (BMI) in children and adolescents under 18 years of age and weigh/height in children under five belonging to 2719 rural and urban households in Medellin. They were sampled in the study Food and nutritional profile of Medellin 2010 conducted by the municipal government. Results: we found lower prevalence rates of adequate weight/height and BMI in children less than five years of age using the Colombian standards as compared to the WHO standards. BMI for children over 5 years of age behaved similarly. The difference is explained for using different cut-off points and inclusion of new nutritional risk categories. Conclusions: for population-based studies may not be required to introduce the categories of nutritional risk and to change the cut-off points for overweight and obesity set up by the WHO standards given that they are more rigorous than others parameters for evaluating these two nutritional conditions. Related to individual follow-ups it is important to complement anthropometric measure evaluation with social aspects, family history, and rearing habits in children with BMI between 1 and 2 standard deviations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index , Body Weight , Child , Colombia , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , World Health Organization
10.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 71(3): 238-42, 2011.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21745772

ABSTRACT

Autophagy and senescence are both processes that firstly avoid tumor development through the inhibition of proliferation of damaged cells. However, autophagy does not imply cell death, because it is also a mechanism of cell survival under stress conditions. Concerning senescence, although these cells do not proliferate, they produce growth factors that contribute to the proliferative response of other cells. Rapamycin is an immunosupressor used in transplanted patients that inhibits the mTOR transduction signal pathway. This pathway is involved in the control of the energetic and nutritional state of the cell allowing protein synthesis and inhibiting autophagy when it is active. In this paper, the action of rapamycin over these processes was investigated and we found that a low concentration of this drug induces the senescence of a normal cell line, while a higher concentration induces autophagy of a transformed cell line. We have also determined that the oncogen RAC3 inhibits autophagy and that its expression is diminished by rapamycin. Therefore, our results contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which this drug is effective, given the relevance of rapamycin for potential tumor therapy.


Subject(s)
Autophagy/drug effects , Cell Line, Tumor/drug effects , Cellular Senescence/drug effects , Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology , Sirolimus/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor/physiology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Humans , Models, Biological
11.
Rev. nefrol. diál. traspl ; 30(4): 143-152, dic. 2010. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-576012

ABSTRACT

La peritonitis (P) ha sido la complicación más importante de la diálisis peritoneal crónica (DPC) y la causa más frecuente de exclusión del programa. En este trabajo se evaluaron los índices de seguimiento de las P en DPC en 2 períodos consecutivos de 10 años en un hospital universitario, tras los avances de la técnica dialítica y la aplicación de un programa de educación médica continua y de los pacientes.


Subject(s)
Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects , Peritonitis/microbiology
12.
Rev. nefrol. diálisis transpl ; 30(4): 143-152, dic. 2010. ^tab, ^graf
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-123734

ABSTRACT

La peritonitis (P) ha sido la complicación más importante de la diálisis peritoneal crónica (DPC) y la causa más frecuente de exclusión del programa. En este trabajo se evaluaron los índices de seguimiento de las P en DPC en 2 períodos consecutivos de 10 años en un hospital universitario, tras los avances de la técnica dialítica y la aplicación de un programa de educación médica continua y de los pacientes.(AU)


Subject(s)
Peritoneal Dialysis/adverse effects , Peritonitis/microbiology
13.
Hemodial Int ; 11(3): 315-21, 2007 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17576296

ABSTRACT

Little is known about the magnitude of vitamin D deficiency in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD-5) on hemodialysis (HD). In the present study, we examined the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with CKD-5 undergoing HD, evaluating the relationship between calcidiol levels with other parameters of mineral metabolism, nutrition/inflammation, functional capacity (FC), and sunlight exposure. Serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels were evaluated in 84 stable patients on chronic HD not receiving vitamin D supplements, with a mean age 58.9+/-16.6 years, during the month of September (end of winter in the southern hemisphere). 25(OH) vitamin D serum levels, intact PTH (iPTH), as well as serum albumin, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase were analyzed in fasting samples. Similarly, protein catabolic rate (PCR) and body mass index (BMI) were determined as nutritional parameters. Functional capacity according to the Karnofsky index, and sunlight exposure were also analyzed. In this study, we considered adequate vitamin D levels those above 30 ng/mL (U.S.A. National Kidney Foundation DOQI Guidelines), vitamin D insufficiency when levels were between 15 and 30 ng/mL, and vitamin D deficiency when levels were below 15 ng/mL. The mean 25(OH) D levels were significantly higher in men than in women (28.6 vs. 18.9 ng/mL; p=0.001). Vitamin D insufficiency was found in 53.5% of the patients (n=45) and vitamin D deficiency in 22.6% (n=19). In the univariate analysis, there were no correlations between 25(OH) D levels with age, iPTH, calcium, or phosphorus. There were positive correlations between serum 25(OH) D levels and degrees of sunlight exposure (R=0.55; p<0.0001), serum creatinine (r=0.38; p<0.001), serum albumin (r=0.22; p=0.04), and a negative correlation with BMI (r=-0.26; p=0.01). In the multiple regression analysis, only sunlight exposure (B=0.361), BMI (B=-0.23), and gender (B=-0.27) were significantly associated with 25(OH) D levels. Patients with FC 1 to FC 2 (n: 70%, 83.3%) had significantly higher 25(OH) D serum levels compared with FC 3 to FC 4 patients (n: 14%, 16.6%): 25.9 vs. 17.1 ng/mL (p=0.03). These results indicate that vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency is highly prevalent (76.1%) at the end of winter, in stage 5 CKD patients on HD, and lower values seem to be related to decreased sunlight exposure, female gender, increased BMI, and worse functional class.


Subject(s)
Calcifediol/blood , Renal Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood , Vitamin D Deficiency/blood , Adult , Aged , Body Mass Index , Fasting/blood , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Minerals/blood , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Prevalence , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Seasons , Severity of Illness Index , Sex Factors , Sunlight , Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology , Vitamin D Deficiency/etiology
14.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin ; 23(5): 277-8, 2005 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15899179

ABSTRACT

We present two cases of P. falciparum malaria in visitors to tourist resorts on the East Coast of the Dominican Republic, traditionally believed to be an area without risk of malaria. In both patients the malaria was severe (with 20% parasitization in one) and there was a long interval between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis. These cases are possibly related (along with a further 17 reports by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) to an increase in the population of Anopheles sp as a consequence of increased rainfall and floods provoked by a hurricane in September 2004, as well as to the presence of a semi-immune population (Haitian immigrants working in the construction and tourist sectors). Both physicians and patients should be aware of this outbreak so that adequate precautions can be taken and early diagnoses can be made.


Subject(s)
Malaria, Falciparum/diagnosis , Plasmodium falciparum/isolation & purification , Adult , Animals , Antimalarials/therapeutic use , Dominican Republic , Female , Humans , Malaria, Falciparum/drug therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Travel
15.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-036190

ABSTRACT

Se presentan 2 casos de paludismo por Plasmodium falciparum en viajeros a centros turísticos de la costa este de República Dominicana, considerados clásicamente como libres de riesgo de paludismo. En ambos casos, se trató de pacientes con paludismo grave (con una parasitación del 20% en uno de ellos), con un tiempo largo entre el inicio de la sintomatología y el diagnóstico. Es posible que estos casos (junto con otros 17 comunicados por los Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]) estén relacionados con un aumento en la población de Anopheles sp. como consecuencia del aumento de lluvias e inundaciones provocados por el paso de un huracán en septiembre de 2004, junto con la existencia de población semiinmune (inmigrantes haitianos trabajando en la construcción y el sector turístico). Es muy importante que tanto los médicos como los pacientes sean conscientes de este brote para facilitar la toma adecuada de precauciones y un diagnóstico precoz (AU)


We present two cases of P. falciparum malaria in visitors to tourist resorts on the East Coast of the Dominican Republic, traditionally believed to be an area without risk of malaria. In both patients the malaria was severe (with 20% parasitization in one) and there was a long interval between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis. These cases are possibly related (along with a further 17 reports by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) to an increase in the population of Anopheles sp as a consequence of increased rainfall and floods provoked by a hurricane in September 2004, as well as to the presence of a semi-immune population (Haitian immigrants working in the construction and tourists sectors). Both physicians and patients should be aware of this outbreak so that adequate precautions can be taken and early diagnoses can be made (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Plasmodium falciparum/pathogenicity , Malaria, Falciparum/diagnosis , Malaria, Falciparum/epidemiology , Dominican Republic/epidemiology
16.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-411991

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal para estimar la prevalencia de asma ocupacional en la población laboral expuesta del municipio Guantánamo durante el período de julio del 2000 a febrero del 2001. El universo de estudio estuvo integrado por 838 trabajadores pertenecientes a la industria sideromecánica y a la construcción; se trabajó con una muestra de 189 trabajadores, quienes fueron seleccionados a través de un muestreo estratificado polietápico. Se encontró que el mayor numero de trabajadores corresponden al sexo masculino, siendo la exposición ocupacional a polvos, y el tiempo de exposición elementos significativos de predicción de asma. Los síntomas y signos encontrados en la serie de estudio, en orden de frecuencia corresponden a la hiperreactividad bronquial con 58.3 (por ciento), tos 25.0 (por ciento), disnea 14.2 (por ciento) y sibilancia 2.3 (por ciento), asociándose la disfunción ventilatoria obstructiva reversible en 52.3 (por ciento) y los resultados positivos del prick- test en 66.7 (por ciento) de los individuos estudiados. Esta última constituye un elemento significativo de predicción de asma. Se detectan, según criterios de Brook, 17 trabajadores con diagnóstico de asma ocupacional, lo que representa una tasa general de 2 (por ciento)(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Asthma/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Medicine/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies
17.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-25081

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal para estimar la prevalencia de asma ocupacional en la población laboral expuesta del municipio Guantánamo durante el período de julio del 2000 a febrero del 2001. El universo de estudio estuvo integrado por 838 trabajadores pertenecientes a la industria sideromecánica y a la construcción; se trabajó con una muestra de 189 trabajadores, quienes fueron seleccionados a través de un muestreo estratificado polietápico. Se encontró que el mayor numero de trabajadores corresponden al sexo masculino, siendo la exposición ocupacional a polvos, y el tiempo de exposición elementos significativos de predicción de asma. Los síntomas y signos encontrados en la serie de estudio, en orden de frecuencia corresponden a la hiperreactividad bronquial con 58.3 (por ciento), tos 25.0 (por ciento), disnea 14.2 (por ciento) y sibilancia 2.3 (por ciento), asociándose la disfunción ventilatoria obstructiva reversible en 52.3 (por ciento) y los resultados positivos del prick- test en 66.7 (por ciento) de los individuos estudiados. Esta última constituye un elemento significativo de predicción de asma. Se detectan, según criterios de Brook, 17 trabajadores con diagnóstico de asma ocupacional, lo que representa una tasa general de 2 (por ciento)(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Asthma/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases , Occupational Medicine , Industry
18.
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 16(6): 531-539, nov.-dic. 2000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-327024

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un estudio de tipo epidemiológico en la fábrica de cemento "René Arcay"del Mariel, para conocer el comportamiento de la incapacidad laboral por patologías del sistema osteomioarticular (SOMA) en el año 1997. En este año la fábrica contó con 743 trabajadores, 596 del sexo masculino y 147 del femenino. Del total de trabajadores tuvieron alguna patología del SOMA 81, que representó una tasa de 10,9 x 100 trabajadores, correspondiendo la tasa mayor al sexo femenino. De todos los trastornos del SOMA, la sacrolumbalgia ocupó el primer lugar. Se analizaron diferentes variables de persona y lugar, y resultó ser la más significativa el antecedente de padecer de episodios del SOMA con anterioridad al diagnóstico


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Low Back Pain/epidemiology , Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology , Family Practice , Occupational Diseases , Occupational Health , Primary Health Care , Risk Factors
19.
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 15(2): 115-122, mar.-abr. 1999. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-299576

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un estudio de tipo transversal con la finalidad de conocer el comportamiento de las afecciones cardiovasculares que provocaron incapacidad temporal en el Hospital "Julio Trigo" López en el período comprendido entre 1994-1996. Nuestro principal objetivo fue identificar algunos factores de riesgo que estuvieran incidiendo en la aparición de estos trastornos entre los trabajadores de la salud, teniendo en cuenta variables de persona y lugar de trabajo u ocupación fundamentalmente. En el período analizado las enfermedades cardiovasculares representaron un problema de salud en este hospital con una tasa de 10,64 x 100 trabajadores. La Hipertensión Arterial (HTA) estuvo situada en primer lugar con una tasa de 6,31 x 100 trabajadores, seguida no muy de cerca por las Cardiopatías isquémicas con 2,4 x 100 trabajadores. Los más afectados fueron los médicos, administrativos y las enfermeras, siendo los hombres ligeramente más incidentes que las mujeres con tasas de 11,53 y 10,07 x 100 trabajadores respectivamente, y la raza negra predominó de forma general con un 47,94 porciento. El hábito de fumar y el estrés fueron factores que pudieron estar involucrados en nuestros resultados, ya que más del 55 porciento de los enfermos eran fumadores, y la mayoría de ellos (76,66 porciento) están sometidos al estrés de trabajo propio de esta profesión de médicos y enfermeras de hospitales clinicoquirúrgico.


A cross-sectional study was carried out know the behavior of the cardiovascular diseases that caused temporary disability at the"Julio Trigo López" Hospital from 1994 to 1996. Our main objective was to identify some risk factors that influenced on the appearance of these disorcers among health workers, having into account variables such as person, and working place or occupation. During the analyzed period the cardiovascular diseases represented a health problem in this hospital with a rate of 10.64 x 100 workers. Arterial hypertension was in the first place with a rate of 6.31 x 100 workers followed not very close by ischaemic heart diseases with 2.4 x 100 workers. Doctors, administrative workers and nurses were the most affected. These diseases were more frequent in men than in women with rates of 11.53 and 10.07, respectively 47.94 % of these individuals were black. Smoking and stress were some of the factors that could be involved in our results, since more than 55 % of the patients were smokers and many of them (76.66 %) were under the working stress characteristic of doctors and nurses at clinical and surgical hospitals.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cardiovascular Diseases , Health Personnel , Medical Staff, Hospital , Nurses , Risk Factors
20.
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 15(2): 115-22, mar.-abr. 1999. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-19035

ABSTRACT

Se realiza un estudio de tipo transversal con la finalidad de conocer el comportamiento de las afecciones cardiovasculares que provocaron incapacidad temporal en el Hospital "Julio Trigo" López en el período comprendido entre 1994-1996. Nuestro principal objetivo fue identificar algunos factores de riesgo que estuvieran incidiendo en la aparición de estos trastornos entre los trabajadores de la salud, teniendo en cuenta variables de persona y lugar de trabajo u ocupación fundamentalmente. En el período analizado las enfermedades cardiovasculares representaron un problema de salud en este hospital con una tasa de 10,64 x 100 trabajadores. La Hipertensión Arterial (HTA) estuvo situada en primer lugar con una tasa de 6,31 x 100 trabajadores, seguida no muy de cerca por las Cardiopatías isquémicas con 2,4 x 100 trabajadores. Los más afectados fueron los médicos, administrativos y las enfermeras, siendo los hombres ligeramente más incidentes que las mujeres con tasas de 11,53 y 10,07 x 100 trabajadores respectivamente, y la raza negra predominó de forma general con un 47,94 porciento. El hábito de fumar y el estrés fueron factores que pudieron estar involucrados en nuestros resultados, ya que más del 55 porciento de los enfermos eran fumadores, y la mayoría de ellos (76,66 porciento) están sometidos al estrés de trabajo propio de esta profesión de médicos y enfermeras de hospitales clinicoquirúrgico(AU) {


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Health Personnel , Medical Staff, Hospital , Nurses
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