ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Analizar si un programa de ejercicio físico (EF) modifica la hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1c), la presión arterial (PA), el índice de masa corporal (IMC), la lipidemia, el riesgo cardiovascular (RCV), el estado de salud autopercibido (ESA) y el gasto farmacéutico (GF). DISEÑO: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado controlado, simple ciego. Intervención: programa de EF aeróbico supervisado. Análisis por intención de tratar. Emplazamiento: Atención primaria: 2 zonas de salud rurales. Área Salud Navalmoral, Cáceres, Servicio Extremeño de Salud. PARTICIPANTES: Cien diabéticos tipo 2, de 65-80 años, sedentarios; 50% grupo control (GC), 50% grupo intervención (GI). Abandonos: 12%. Intervención: EF aeróbico supervisado: 50 min, 2 días/semana, 3 meses. MEDICIONES PRINCIPALES: : HbA1c, PA, IMC, lipidemia, RCV, ESA, GF, complicaciones durante EF. RESULTADOS: Diferencias postintervención entre grupos en HbA1c, PA, IMC, colesterol y ESA. En GI disminución de HbA1c: 0,2 ± 0,4% (IC del 95%, 0,1 a 0,3); PA sistólica: 8,5 ± 11,8 mmHg (IC del 95%, 5,1 a 11,9); IMC: 0,5 ± 1 (IC del 95%, 0,2 a 0,8); colesterol: 14 ± 28,2 mg/dl (IC del 95%, 5,9 a 22,2); LDL: 18,3 ± 28,2 mg/dl (IC del 95%, 10,2 a 26,3), RCV: 6,7 ± 7,7% (IC del 95%, 4,5 a 8,9), GF: 3,9 ± 10,2 Euros (IC del 95%, 0,9 a 6,8) y aumento del ESA: 4,7 ± 5,7 (IC del 95%, 3 a 6,3). CONCLUSIONES: En diabéticos mayores de 65 años un programa de EF aeróbico supervisado de fácil ejecución mejora la HbA1c, la PA, la colesterolemia, el RCV, el GF y el ESA
OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether an exercise program can modify glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), lipids, cardiovascular risk profile (CVR), self-perceived health status (SHS), and pharmaceutical expenditure (PE). DESIGN: A randomized, single blind, controlled trial. Intervention: program of supervised aerobic physical exercise. Analysis by intention to treat. LOCATION: Primary Care: 2 rural health areas. Health Area of Navalmoral. Cáceres. Extremadura. Spain. PARTICIPANTS: 100 type 2 diabetic patients, aged 65 to 80 years, sedentary. Distribution: 50% control group (CG) and 50% intervention group (IG). Abandoned 12%. Intervention: monitored aerobic exercise: 40 minutes, 2 days/week, 3 months. Key measures: HbA1c, BP, BMI, lipid, CVR, SHS, PE.complications during exercise. RESULTS: There were post-intervention differences between groups in HbA1c, BP, BMI, cholesterol and SHS. In the IG, there was a significant decrease in; HbA1c: 0.2 ± 0.4% (95% CI: 0.1 to 0.3), systolic BP: 11.8 ± 8.5 mmHg (95% CI: 5.1 to 11.9), BMI: 0.5 ± 1 (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.8), total cholesterol: 14 ± 28.2 mg/dl (95% CI: 5.9 to 22.2), LDL: 18.3 ± 28.2 mg/dl 95% CI: 10.2 to 26.3), CVR: 6.7 ± 7.7% (95% CI: 4.5 to 8.9), PE: 3.9 ± 10.2 Euros (95% CI: 0.9 to 6.8), and an increase in SHS; 4.7 ± 5.7 (95% CI: 3 to 6.3). CONCLUSIONS: In diabetics over 65 years, a program of monitored aerobic exercise, of easy implementation, improves HbA1c, BP, cholesterol, CVR, PE, and SHS
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Exercise/physiology , Sedentary Behavior , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/prevention & control , Arterial Pressure/physiology , Body Mass Index , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Primary Health Care/economics , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Rural Health Services/organization & administration , Case-Control Studies , 28599 , Helsinki DeclarationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether an exercise program can modify glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), lipids, cardiovascular risk profile (CVR), self-perceived health status (SHS), and pharmaceutical expenditure (PE). DESIGN: A randomized, single blind, controlled trial. INTERVENTION: program of supervised aerobic physical exercise. Analysis by intention to treat. LOCATION: Primary Care: 2 rural health areas. Health Area of Navalmoral. Cáceres. Extremadura. Spain. PARTICIPANTS: 100 type 2 diabetic patients, aged 65 to 80 years, sedentary. Distribution: 50% control group (CG) and 50% intervention group (IG). Abandoned 12%. INTERVENTION: monitored aerobic exercise: 40minutes, 2 days/week, 3 months. KEY MEASURES: HbA1c, BP, BMI, lipid, CVR, SHS, PE. Complications during exercise. RESULTS: There were post-intervention differences between groups in HbA1c, BP, BMI, cholesterol and SHS. In the IG, there was a significant decrease in; HbA1c: 0.2±0.4% (95% CI: 0.1 to 0.3), systolic BP: 11.8±8.5mmHg (95% CI: 5.1 to 11.9), BMI: 0.5±1 (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.8), total cholesterol: 14±28.2mg/dl (95% CI: 5.9 to 22.2), LDL: 18.3±28.2mg/dl 95% CI: 10.2 to 26.3), CVR: 6.7±7.7% (95% CI: 4.5 to 8.9), PE: 3.9±10.2 (95% CI: 0.9 to 6.8), and an increase in SHS; 4.7±5.7 (95% CI: 3 to 6.3). CONCLUSIONS: In diabetics over 65 years, a program of monitored aerobic exercise, of easy implementation, improves HbA1c, BP, cholesterol, CVR, PE, and SHS.
