ABSTRACT
Purpose: To review our experience with >100 patients with primary obstructive megaureter (POM) undergoing endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD) and a follow-up of up to 12 years and determine potential risk factors for failure. Our hypothesis is that EBD allows for long-term treatment in >80% of patients, and its effectiveness decreases in more severe cases. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 123 consecutive patients (131 ureters) undergoing EBD from 2009 to 2021. Indications for EBD included symptoms, worsening dilatation, and/or renal function impairment. Clinical characteristics, complications, and outcomes, including those in the patients with >5-year follow-up, were described. Preoperative and intraoperative markers of severity chosen a priori were tested as risk factors for failure. Failure was defined as the need for ureteral reimplantation after EBD. Results: EBD was feasible in 121 of 123 (98%) patients, regardless of age. After a median follow-up of 38 (9-143) months, EBD was effective in 84.5% of cases. Failures generally occurred in the 1st year after EBD and were seldom associated with permanent loss of renal function. Of the 66 patients with follow-up >5 years, EBD was effective in 56 patients. No preoperative characteristic proved to be a risk factor for failure. The intraoperative absence of a ring was the only significant risk factor for failure, odd ratio 117.86 (95% confidence interval 6.27-2215.84). Conclusions: EBD was feasible and definitive treatment in 85% of our cases, regardless of age. Since this study did not identify preoperative factors to help the clinicians in patient selection, we consider EBD a viable initial procedure in all patients with POM who require surgical intervention, especially in infants.
Subject(s)
Dilatation , Treatment Failure , Ureteral Obstruction , Humans , Risk Factors , Female , Male , Ureteral Obstruction/therapy , Ureteral Obstruction/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Dilatation/methods , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Ureter/surgery , Endoscopy/methods , Adolescent , Follow-Up StudiesABSTRACT
Objectives: To assess the feasibility and results of the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) after a failed ureteral reimplantation. Methods: From January 1996 to October 2006, 28 patients underwent endoscopic treatment for VUR grade II to V persisting after open ureteral reimplantation. VUR was bilateral in 11 patients, for a total of 39 ureteral units (UU) treated. The endoscopic treatment was performed 1 to 7 years after surgery (average 2.5 years). Dextranomer/Hyaluronic acid Copolymer (Dx/HA) was used as injectable material. The amount of injected material ranged from 0.5 to 2.8 ml (average: 1.2 ml). Some technical refinements were required to increase the success of the procedures. Patients were followed up from 2.5 to 17 years. Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) was performed at 6 months and MAG3 renal scan with voiding phase at 24 months. Results were compared with the outcome of the endoscopic treatment in patients treated by the same surgeons for primary VUR, matched for grade (control group). Results: All treatments were performed as one-day procedure. No complications were observed. Success was achieved in 22/28 patients (78.5%) and in 30/39 UU (76.9 %) after failed ureteral reimplantation. No significant difference in success rate was found from the control group (p= ns). Conclusions: Endoscopic treatment of VUR after a failed reimplantion can be a challenging procedure, for a skilled endoscopists. Nonetheless it can achieve successful results in a high percentage of patients with minimal morbidity and a minimal invasiveness; it should thus be recommended for these patients (AU)
Objetivo: Evaluar la viabilidad y resultados del tratamiento endoscópico del reflujo vesicoureteral (RVU) después del fracaso del reimplante ureteral. Métodos: Entre enero de 1996 y octubre del 2006, 28 pacientes fueron sometidos a tratamiento endoscópico del RVU persistente grados II a V después de reimplante ureteral. El RVU era bilateral en 11 pacientes, con un total de 39 uréteres tratados. El tratamiento endoscópico se realizó entre 1 y 7 años después de la cirugía (media 2,5 años). Como material inyectable se utilizó copolímero de ácido hialurónico/dextranomero. La cantidad de material inyectado varió entre 0,5 y 2,8 ml (media 1,2 ml). Fue necesaria alguna finura técnica para aumentar el éxito de los procedimientos. Los pacientes fueron seguidos entre 2,5 y 17 años. Se realizó cistouretrografía miccional seriada (CUMS) a los seis meses y gammagrafía renal MAG3 con fase miccional a los 24 meses. Los resultados se compararon con los de un grupo control de tratamiento endoscópico en pacientes con RVU primario tratados por los mismos cirujanos, emparejados según el grado. Resultados: Todos los tratamientos fueron realizados de forma ambulatoria. No se observaron complicaciones. Se obtuvo el éxito en 22/28 pacientes (78 .5%) y en 30/39 uréteres (76. 9%) después de un reimplante fallido. No hubo diferencias significativas en las tasas de éxitos comparando con el grupo control (p =ns). Conclusiones: El tratamiento endoscópico del RVU después del fracaso de un reimplante puede ser un desafío para un endoscopista experto. Sin embargo puede conseguir resultados exitosos en un alto porcentaje de pacientes con mínima morbilidad en pasividad. Por tanto, debería recomendarse en estos pacientes (AU)