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1.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 73(6): 343-345, nov.-dic. 2017. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-171612

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un estudio retrospectivo sobre las infecciones respiratorias agudas causadas por el VRS-A y VRS-B en las cuatro últimas temporadas epidémicas (noviembre 2013-marzo 2017). En las dos primeras temporadas se observó un predominio del VRS-A (76,5% y 74,8%), mientras que en la temporada 2015/16 el VRS-B representó el 57,5% y en la 2016/17 ascendió al 68,1%. El VRS-B parece afectar con una frecuencia más elevada a los niños situados entre los 4 meses y 5 años de edad. El VRS-A predominaría en los menores de 1 año (87,5%) y, preferentemente, en menores de 3 meses (46,1%) (AU)


A retrospective study on acute respiratory infections caused by RSV-A and RSV-B in the last four epidemic seasons (November 2013-March 2017) is presented. In the first two seasons, a predominance of RSV-A (76.5% and 74.8%) was observed, while in the 2015/16 season RSV-B represented 57.5% and in 2016/17 it was 68.1%. VRS-B appears to affect children 4 months to 5 years of age at a higher frequency. RSV-A would predominate in children under 1-year-old (87.5%) and preferably younger than 3 months (46.1%) (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/pathogenicity , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines/administration & dosage , Retrospective Studies , Nasopharynx/microbiology , Gene Amplification/genetics
2.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 72(4): 191-192, jul.-ago. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-156761

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un estudio prospectivo sobre la distribución etaria de los casos de infección respiratoria aguda causados por el VRS a lo largo de las temporadas 2012/13, 2013/14 y 2014/15. Globalmente el 83,3% de todos los casos se han presentado en menores de 2 años. El porcentaje de afectación de los menores de 1 mes ha sido del 11,4%. La vacunación frente al VRS en la embarazada podría evitar hipotéticamente el 51,4% de todos los casos (menores de 6 meses) (AU)


A prospective study on the age distribution of cases of acute respiratory infection caused by RSV throughout the seasons 2012/13, 2013/14 and 2014/15 is presented. Overall 83.3% of all cases have occurred in children under 2 years. The percentage of involvement of children under 1 month was 11.4%. Vaccination against RSV in pregnant could hypothetically avoid 51.4% of all cases (under 6 months) (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Prospective Studies , Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines
6.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 71(1): 5-12, ene.-feb. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-141707

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Las infecciones respiratorias víricas agudas son una entidad que afecta preferentemente a la población infantil. Los virus de la Parainfluenza (VPI) (tipos 1-4) son responsables de un porcentaje variable de estas infecciones. Pacientes y métodos. Se presenta un estudio prospectivo sobre las infecciones respiratorias agudas causadas por los diferentes tipos de los VPI. A los pacientes se les tomó una muestra respiratoria que fue estudiada mediante una RT-PCR múltiple comercial que permite la detección de 16 virus distintos y los cuatro tipos de los VPI. Resultados. En este estudio se han analizado 2.854 muestras, de las cuales 1.412 (49,5%) fueron positivas. Se han detectado 89 casos de infección por los VPI (6,3%). Los VIP correspondían a 34 VPI-1 (38,2%),9 VPI-2 (10,1 %),29 VPI-3 (32,5%) y 17 VPI-4 (19,1%). En el 78,6% de los casos el VPI se detectó solo y en el 21,4% en coinfección. El 68,5% de los casos se detectaron entre los meses de septiembre y octubre. Las edades de los pacientes estaban comprendidas entre los 21 días y 14 años (media 26,2 meses). El ingreso hospitalario ocurrió en 18 casos (20,2 %). Las patologías respiratorias observadas han ido desde el cuadro catarral hasta las bronquiolitis y neumonías. No se han detectado diferencias significativas entre los diferentes tipos vira les. Conclusiones. Las infecciones respiratorias agudas causadas por los VPI representan alrededor del 6% de los casos. La inespecificidad del proceso infeccioso obliga a realizar el estudio etiológico para poder ser atribuidas a un determinado agente viral (AU)


Introduction. The acute viral respiratory infections are an entity that preferentially affect children. Para influenza viruses (PIV) (types 1-4) are responsible for a varying percentage of these infections. Patients and methods. A prospective study of acute respiratory infections caused by different types of PIV is presented. AII patients were taking a respiratory sample that was studied with a commercial multiple RT-PCR which allows the detection of 16 different viruses, including the four types of the PIV. Results. In this study we have analyzed 2,854 samples, of which 1,412 (49.5%) were positive. We detected 89 cases of infection by PIV (6.3%). 34 corresponding to the VIP-1 (38.2%), 9 VPI -2 (10.1%),29 VPI-3 (32.5%) and 17 VPI-4 (19.1 %). In 78.6% of cases was detected only the PIV and 21.4% in coinfection. 68.5% of cases were detected between the months of September and October. The ages of the patients ranged from 21 days to 14 years (mean 26.2 months). Hospital admission occurred in 18 cases (20.2%). Respiratory diseases have been observed from cold symptoms to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. No significant differences were detected between the different viral types. Conclusions. Acute respiratory infections caused by PIV represent about 6% of cases. They affect both sexes equally and present with a variety of respiratory diseases. The specificity of the infectious process requires performing the etiologic study to be attributed to a specific viral agent (AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Paramyxoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Paramyxoviridae Infections/diagnosis , Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/isolation & purification , Parainfluenza Virus 2, Human/isolation & purification , Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human/isolation & purification , Parainfluenza Virus 4, Human/isolation & purification , Respirovirus/pathogenicity , Prospective Studies , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Coinfection/epidemiology , Age and Sex Distribution , Paramyxoviridae Infections/ethnology , Paramyxoviridae Infections/physiopathology
12.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 66(2): 101-103, mar.-abr. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-91701

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un estudio prospectivo sobre la evolución de las infecciones respiratorias agudas causadas por el VRS y los virus gripales. En las dos últimas temporadas invernales (2007-2008 y 2008-2009) se ha observado por primera vez un porcentaje superior (8,1% y 10,1%) de casos causados por los virus gripales. La gripe parece ser ya la principal causa de infecciones respiratorias agudas en la población infantil en la época invernal (AU)


We present a prospective study about the evolution of acute respiratory tract infections caused by VRS and influenza viruses. In the last two winter season (2007-2008 and 2008-2009) we detected for the first time a higher percent-age (8.1% and 10.1%) of patients with influenza viruses infections. The influenza could be now the first etiological cause of acute respiratory tract infections in the winter season in the paediatric population (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Seasons
13.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 66(2): 104-106, mar.-abr. 2010. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-91702

ABSTRACT

Para conocer el posible impacto o influencia de la pandemia gripal sobre la epidemia estacional de VRS que se produce todas las temporadas invernales, se han analizado de forma comparativa la presentación, evolución y número de casos de infección por este virus entre la temporada 2008-2009 y la 2009-2010. Hemos observado cómo en la temporada actual se ha producido un retraso de 3 semanas en el inicio de la epidemia de VRS, sin embargo el número de casos diagnosticados sea incrementado en un 30% (AU)


We report a comparative study about the impact or influence of the pandemic influenza A (h1N1) in the season al presentation, evolution and total number of cases of pediatric RSV respiratory infections between the seasons 2008-2009 and 2009-2010. We observed for the actual RSV epidemiological season a retard of 3 weeks in the begins of the epidemic, but the total number of RSV infections had increased a 30% (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , /epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology , Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human/pathogenicity , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/pathogenicity , Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data
16.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 65(2): 98-100, mar.-abr. 2009.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-89339

ABSTRACT

Introducción: En los pacientes con infección respiratoria aguda por adenovirus, el progreso de deglución de las secreciones determina el paso de los virus al tracto intestinal (heces). Objetivo: Estudiar el significado clínico del aislamiento de adenovirus en las heces de 348 pacientes con infección respiratoria causada por adenovirus. Métodos: Las Muestras respiratorias y heces fueron sembradas en la línea celular Hep-2 y las monocapas reveladas con anticuerpos monoclonales frente a los adenovirus. Resultados : en 62 pacientes (17,8%) se aislaron adenovirus. En 26 (41,9%) se aislaron simultáneamente en la muestra respiratoria y fecal, en 22 (35,4%) sólo en la muestra respiratoria y en 14 (22,5%) sólo en la muestra fecal. Globalmente los adenovirus fueron aislados en 48 muestras respiratorias (77,4%) y 40 heces (64,5%). En 3 casos la muestra fecal aglutinó frente a los adenovirus entéricos (serotipos 40 y 41). Conclusiones: El aislamiento de adenovirus en las heces de pacientes con infección respiratoria aguda puede ser un método útil y eficaz como apoyo al aislamiento en las muestras respiratorias (AU)


Introduction: In the patients with acute respiratory infections caused by adenovirus, the deglution process of respiratory secretions allows the presence of these viruses in the intestinal tract (feces). Aim: to study the clinical significance of adenovirus isolation in the feces of 348 patients with respiratory tract infection caused by adenovirus. Method: The respiratory and fecal samples were inoculated in the Hep-2 cell line and the monlayers stained by a monoclonal antibody against adenovirus. Results. Adenovirus were isolated simultaneously in the respiratory and fecal samples, in 22 (35,4%) only in the respiratory samples and in 14 (22,5%) only in the feces. Overall adenovirus were isolated in 48 respiratory samples (77,4%) and 40 feces (64,5%). In 3 patients the feces agglutinated with the enteric adenoviruses (serotypes 40 y 41). Conclusions: the isolation of adenovirus in the feces of patients with acute respiratory tract infection could be an efficient method to support the isolation in the respiratory samples (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adenovirus Infections, Human/diagnosis , Adenoviruses, Human/isolation & purification , Respiratory Tract Infections/diagnosis , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Feces/microbiology , Sputum/microbiology
19.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 64(2): 130-135, mar.-abr. 2008. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-60245

ABSTRACT

Estudio retrospectivo sobre características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes pediátricos con neumonía y aislamiento de virus gripales (influenza A y B) durante el período 1995-2005. A las muestras respiratorias se les realizó la detección antigénica frente a los virus gripales y el aislamiento viral en cultivo celular. Durante el período de estudio se han diagnosticado 598 casos de infección respiratoria aguda causada por los virus gripales A y B, de los cuales 414 (69,2%) correspondían a pacientes pediátricos. Se diagnosticó neumonía gripal en 28 casos (6,7%). El virus gripal tipo A fue aislado en 22 casos (78,5%) y el virus gripal tipo B en 6 casos (21,5%). Los 22 virus gripales A fueron subtipados como pertenecientes 17 al subtipo H3 (77,2%) y 5 al subtipo H1 (22,8%). Las principales manifestaciones clínicas fueron: fiebre (96,4%), tos (78,5%), rinorrea (28,5%), cefalea (28,5%), otitis media aguada (14,2%) y mialgias, diarrea y conjuntivitis (3,5%). La edad media de nuestros pacientes fue de 4,4 años. El 75% de los pacientes precisó del ingreso hospitalario debido a su corta edad o complicaciones patológicas. En los pacientes ingresados se observó una estancia media de 8,3 días (intervalo de 3-17 días). Las manifestaciones clínicas son muy similares a las observadas en el resto de infecciones respiratorias agudas, precisando el estudio virológico para establecer su etiología definitiva (AU)


We performed a retrospective study of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patients with pneumonia and isolation of influenza viruses A and B during the 1995-2005 period. The specific antigenic detection and viral isolation in cell culture were the methods used in the etiological diagnosis. In the study period we detected 598 cases of acute respiratory infection caused by influenza ciruses A and B; of them 414 (69.2%) in pediatric patients. We could diagnosticated 28 patients (6.7%) with influenza pneumonia. Influenza A virus was isolated in 22 (78.5%) patients and Influenza B virus in 6 (21.5%) patients. The 22 influenza A viruses were subtyped as 17 (77,2%) H3 and 5 (22,8%) H1 subtypes. The most frequent clinical manifestations detected in the patients with pneumonia were: fever (96.4%), cough (78.5%), rhinorrea (28.5%), headache (28.5%), acute otitis (14,2%) and mialgia, diarrhea and conjunctivitis (3.5%). The mean age of patients was 4.4 years old; 75% of patients were hospitalized with a media of 8.3 days (3-17 days). The clinical manifestations of this pathology were very similar to detected in other acute viral respiratory infections, so only the virological methods could established the definitive etiological diagnosis (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/complications , Retrospective Studies , Diagnosis, Differential , Orthomyxoviridae/isolation & purification , /statistics & numerical data , Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology
20.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ; 27(8): 717-24, 2008 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18347821

ABSTRACT

This study examined the roles of two different diagnostic approaches to children with fever of unknown origin in determining the patterns of pneumococcal bacteraemia in two Spanish regions by comparing their main epidemiologic characteristics. Whereas a blood culture is routinely obtained in this setting in Navarre, this is not generally the case in Majorca. Additionally, the potential role of antibiotic consumption in each region was also analysed. Cumulative incidences in children under the age of 14 years were 26.6 per 100,000 child-years in Navarre (121.1 in children <2 years of age) and 7.3 per 100,000 child-years in Majorca (33.3 in children <2 years of age). In contrast, the incidences per 1,000 blood cultures were similar in both regions. The relative risks of occult bacteraemia, bacteraemic pneumonia and meningitis among the children of Navarre compared to Majorcan children were 11.8, 2.6 and 0.8, respectively. The risk for less virulent (vaccine serotypes plus 6A, 19A and 23A) and for more virulent serotypes (1 and 7) was 4.9 and 3.1 times higher in Navarre, respectively. The number of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) doses administered between 2003 and 2004 were also higher in Navarre. Conversely, antibiotic resistance and paediatric prescriptions for broad-spectrum antibiotics were greater in Majorca. Although the most salient differences between both regions, including the effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Navarre, appeared to be confounded by the higher frequency of blood cultures taken there, certain differences in serotype composition may be explained by the higher antibiotic consumption in Majorca.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Incidence , Pneumococcal Infections/prevention & control , Pneumonia, Bacterial/prevention & control , Child , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Humans , Immunization , Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Bacterial/epidemiology , Serotyping , Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects
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