Intralesional amphotericin B in a cat with cutaneous protothecosis.

A domestic cat was presented with nodular lesions on the nose/muzzle and pinnae. Protothecosis was diagnosed through cytological and histopathological examination, and culture. Molecular identification confirmed Prototheca wickerhamii infection. Intralesional application of amphotericin B in conjunction with oral terbinafine resulted in a significant reduction of the nasal lesion and complete resolution of the pinnal lesion, without adverse effects.

Un chat domestique est présenté avec des lésions nodulaires sur le nez/museau et le pavillon auriculaire. La protothécose est diagnostiquée par un examen cytologique et histopathologique, ainsi que par une culture. L'identification moléculaire confirme l'infection par Prototheca wickerhamii. L'application intralésionnelle d'amphotéricine B, associée à la terbinafine orale, permet une réduction significative de la lésion nasale et une résolution complète de la lésion du pavillon auriculaire, sans effets indésirables.

Um gato doméstico foi apresentado com lesões nodulares no nariz/focinho e pavilhões auriculares. Prototecose foi diagnosticada por exame citológico e histopatológico, e cultura. A identificação molecular confirmou a infecção por Prototheca wickerhamii. Aplicação intralesional de anfotericina B associada à terbinafina por via oral resultou em redução significativa da lesão nasal e resolução total da lesão na orelha, sem efeitos adversos.

Un gato doméstico se presentó con lesiones nodulares en la nariz/hocico y orejas. Se diagnosticó prototecosis mediante examen citológico, histopatológico y cultivo. La identificación molecular confirmó la infección por Prototheca wickerhamii. La aplicación intralesional de anfotericina B junto con terbinafina oral dio como resultado una reducción significativa de la lesión nasal y una resolución completa de la lesión auricular, sin efectos adversos.

Root development in Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit enhances copper accumulation.

Potentially toxic elements (PTE) in soil like copper (Cu) have been common in agricultural and mining areas worldwide. The sustainable remediation of these areas has been shown to have high socio-environmental relevance and phytoremediation is one of the green technologies to be considered. The challenge is to identify species that are tolerant to PTE, and to assess their phytoremediation potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological response of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit and to determine the species tolerance and phytoremediation potential to concentrations of Cu in the soil (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mg/dm3). The photosynthetic rate was not affected, while the content of chlorophylls decreased as Cu concentrations increased. There was an increased in stomatal conductance and water use efficiency from the treatment of 300. The root biomass and the length were bigger than the shoots, in the treatments above 300. Cu accumulation was greater in the roots than in the shoot of the plants, thus, the Cu translocation index to the shoot was lower. The ability to absorb and accumulate, mainly, Cu in the roots, allowed the development and growth of plants, since the parameters of photosynthesis and biomass accumulation were not affected by the Cu excess. This accumulation in the roots is characterized as a strategy for the phytostabilization of Cu. Therefore, L. leucocephala is tolerant to the Cu concentrations evaluated and has a potential phytoremediation of Cu in the soil.

Therapeutic efficacy of isavuconazole and potassium iodide in a cat with refractory sporotrichosis.

A seven-month-old, male, domestic short-hair cat was presented with nodular and ulcerative lesions, as well as respiratory signs, caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis infection. Owing to lack of response to oral itraconazole and potassium iodide, isavuconazole was substituted for itraconazole, leading to clinical cure after three months of treatment without adverse effects.

Un chat domestique mâle à poil court de 7 mois est présenté avec des lésions nodulaires et ulcéreuses, ainsi que des signes respiratoires, causés par une infection à Sporothrix brasiliensis. En raison de l'absence de réponse à l'itraconazole oral et à l'iodure de potassium, l'isavuconazole est substitué à l'itraconazole, ce qui conduit à une guérison clinique après 3 mois de traitement sans effets indésirables.

Um gato doméstico de pelo curto de sete meses de idade foi apresentado com lesões nodulares e ulcerativas, bem como sintomas respiratórios, causados por infecção por Sporothrix brasiliensis. Devido à pobre resposta ao tratamento com itraconazol oral e iodeto de potássio, itraconazol foi substituído por isavuconazol, levando à cura clínica após três meses de tratamento, sem efeitos adversos.

Un gato doméstico de pelo corto, macho, de 7 meses de edad, se presentó con lesiones nodulares y ulcerativas, así como signos respiratorios, causados por infección por Sporothrix brasiliensis. Ante la falta de respuesta a itraconazol y yoduro potásico orales, se sustituyó itraconazol por isavuconazol, con curación clínica tras 3 meses de tratamiento sin efectos adversos.

Could nitrogen compounds be indicators of tolerance to high doses of Cu and Fe in the cultivation of Leucaena leucocephala?

Nitrogen metabolism and the production of primary and secondary metabolites vary according to biotic and abiotic factors such as trace elements (TE) stress, and can, therefore, be considered biomarkers. The present study evaluated the effect of copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) TE, separately, on the metabolism of nitrogen compounds and biomass production, partitioned into shoot and roots of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit., and identified possible defense mechanisms linked to nitrogen metabolism. At 120 days of cultivation, the biomass production of L. leucocephala was higher when exposed to excess Fe than Cu. Nonetheless, the biomass gain (%) of plants exposed to Cu was higher, especially the biomass gains in roots. The tolerance and biomass production of L. leucocephala is related to the regulation of nitrogen metabolism and production of secondary metabolites. The biochemistry of plant metabolism against the excess of Cu and Fe TE manifested similarly, but with some specifics regarding the chemical nature of each metal. There was a reduction in the content of ureides and proteins and an increase in amino acids in the roots in relation to the increase in Cu and Fe concentrations. There was low accumulation of proline in the roots in treatments 400 and 500 mg/dm3 compared to the control for both TE. On the other hand, the total phenolic compounds in the roots increased. Our results indicate that the increased synthesis of amino acids and the accumulation of phenolic compounds is involved in the tolerance of L. leucocephala to Cu and Fe.

Andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis Aubl) shows cytotoxicity but no mutagenicity in the ACPP02 gastric cancer cell line.

Andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl) is an Amazonian plant whose oil has been widely used in traditional medicine for various purposes, including anti-inflammation. Research reports indicate that the oil can confer antitumor activity due to the presence of fatty acids, which can directly influence cell death mechanisms. Thus, andiroba oil (AO) has gained interest for its potential to be used in antineoplastic therapies. Here, we report an in vitro analysis of the cytotoxic and mutagenic potential of AO in the gastric cancer cell line, ACP02. Cell survival was assessed by the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay, differential staining with ethidium bromide and acridine orange assessed apoptosis-necrosis, and mutagenesis was assessed by the micronucleus test. The apolar oil was first diluted in 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and then further diluted to six concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 µg/mL and 1 mg/mL) in RPMI medium. Controls included RPMI alone (negative control) and 0.1% DMSO diluted in medium (vehicle control). The MTT test showed that AO significantly reduced cell viability (P < .05) only when the highest tested concentration was applied for 48 hours. The apoptosis/necrosis test showed that the highest concentration of AO induced cell death by apoptosis at 24 and 48 hours. There was no statistically significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei. The ability of the AO to decrease the viability of ACP02 cells via apoptosis, without exerting mutagenic effects, suggests that the oil could be useful as an alternative therapeutic agent for primary tumors of stomach cancer.

Aqueous ethanol extract of Libidibia ferrea (Mart. Ex Tul) L.P. Queiroz (juca) exhibits antioxidant and migration-inhibiting activity in human gastric adenocarcinoma (ACP02) cells.

Libidibia ferrea (juca) is a plant belonging to the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family, whose antioxidant activity has been widely described in the literature. We evaluated this parameter of Aqueous ethanol extract (AE), ethyl acetate (ACO), chloroform (CLO) and hexane (HEX) extracts of L. ferrea. We then tested the most active extract for its toxicity and ability to inhibit migratory activity in the ACP02 gastric adenocarcinoma cell line in vitro. The AE and ACO extracts both had antioxidant activity, the AE extract showing greater potential. This may reflect that both extracts contained phenolic compounds. Although AE extract showed no cytotoxic, mutagenic or genotoxic effect, it altered cell morphology and migration activity. Analysis of apoptosis/necrosis indicated that this parameter does not appear to account for the apparent ability of AE to inhibit cancer cell migration. We speculate that the morphological changes in AE-treated cells could be due to cytoskeleton alterations related to the presence of myo-inositol in AE extract. Together, our results demonstrate this extract of L. ferrea can act as an exogenous antioxidant and might prove useful in efforts to fight secondary tumors.

Síndrome de Cornélia de Lange e Doença de Graves: uma associação rara / Cornelia de Lange Syndrom and Graves disease: a rare association

Introdução: A síndrome de Cornelia de Lange (SCdL) corresponde a uma condição rara caracterizada por mutações nos genes responsáveis pelas proteínas estruturais e reguladoras do complexo da coesina, levando o paciente à distrofia facial e aos atrasos no crescimento e desenvolvimento. Seu diagnóstico é baseado nos achados clínicos e/ou a identificação da heterozigose patogênica variante em N1PBL, RAD21, ou SMC3 ou homozigose patogênica variante em HDAC8 ou SMC1A. Essa síndrome possui um amplo espectro de manifestações que incluem anormalidades neurológicas, endocrinológicas, musculoesqueléticas e cutâneas. A Doença de Graves, por sua vez, representa o expoente mais comum de hipertireodismo, possui origem autoimune e resulta de uma complexa interação entre fatores genéticos e ambientais. Relato de caso: Este artigo tem por objetivo relatar um caso de uma paciente de 22 anos com diagnóstico de SCdL, a qual abriu o quadro de hipertireoidismo por Doença de Graves, apresentando insônia, irritabilidade e agitação, com melhora após tratamento medicamentoso.

Introduction: The Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a rare condition characterized by mutations in genes responsible for structural and regulatory proteins of the coesin complex, causing facial dystrophy, delays in development and growth. Your Diagnosis is based on clinical findings and/or the identification of a heterozygous pathogenic variant in NIPBL, RAD21 and SMC3 or a hemizyous pathogenic variant in HDAC8 or SMC1A. This syndrome has a wide spectrum of manifestations that includes neurological, endocrinological, muscle-skeletal and cutaneous abnormalities. Graves' disease, in turn, represents the most common etiology of hyperthyroidism; it has an autoimmune origin and results from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Case report: Therefore, the current study aims to report a case of a 22-year-old female with diagnosis of Graves' disease, presenting insomnia, irritability and restlessness with improvement after drug treatment.