Can carbon finance promote high quality economic development: evidence from China.

Utilizing provincial panel data from China spanning 2000 to 2020, this study constructed an indicator system for high-quality economic development by incorporating 35 indicators. These indicators stem from five domains: innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development. To assess carbon finance development, an evaluation system was created using twelve basic indicators derived from three categories: financial environment, energy efficiency, and scientific and technological progression. The entropy weight method facilitated the computation of indices such as the economic quality development, innovative development, coordinated development, green development, open development, shared development, and carbon finance development indices. Both static and dynamic panel models served to empirically ascertain the specific influence of carbon finance on high-quality economic development. Additionally, regional and temporal variances in carbon finance's impact on high-quality economic development were scrutinized. Findings indicate that provinces like Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Guangdong, known for advanced economic development, exhibit elevated levels of high-quality economic and carbon finance development. Nonetheless, disparities among provinces are evident. While carbon finance significantly bolsters China's high-quality economic growth, its influence is not uniformly observed across all five development domains. It primarily augments coordinated, green, and shared development. Furthermore, the role of carbon finance in boosting China's high-quality economic development exhibits regional and temporal variations. The promotion of high-quality economic growth can be achieved by fostering an amenable carbon finance environment, addressing aging, maximizing governmental influence, enhancing transportation infrastructure, propelling new urbanization, and refining education standards.

A Polyamidoamine-Based Electrochemical Aptasensor for Sensitive Detection of Ochratoxin A.

Sensitive detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) is significant and essential because OTA may pose risks to human and animal health. Here, we developed an electrochemical aptasensor for OTA analysis using polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers as a signal amplifier. As a carrier, PAMAM has numerous primary amino groups that can be coupled with thiolated complementary strand DNA (cDNA), allowing it to recognize aptamers bound to the surface of horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), thereby improving the sensitivity of the aptasensor. When monitoring the positive samples, OTA was captured by the aptamer fixed on the HRP-conjugated AuNP surface by specific recognition, after which the formed OTA-aptamer conjugates were detached from the electrode surface, ultimately decreasing the electrochemical signal monitored by differential pulse voltammetry. The novel aptasensor achieved a broad linear detection range from 5 to 105 ng L-1 with a low detection limit of 0.31 ng L-1. The proposed aptasensor was successfully applied for OTA analysis in red wine, with recovery rates ranging from 94.15 to 106%. Furthermore, the aptasensor also exhibited good specificity and storage stability. Therefore, the devised aptasensor represents a sensitive, practical and reliable tool for monitoring OTA in agricultural products, which can also be adapted to other mycotoxins.

Study of the weak interaction mechanism of ovalbumin and caffeic acid using fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation.

With the increasing demand for functional foods, the study on binding of active molecules and ovalbumin (OVA) via weak interaction has attracted widespread attention. In this work, the interaction mechanism of OVA and caffeic acid (CA) was revealed using fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamics simulation. The CA-induced fluorescence decrease of OVA was static quenching. Their binding complex had about 1 binding site and a 3.39 × 105 L·mol-1 affinity ability. Based on thermodynamic calculations and molecular dynamics simulation, the complex structure of OVA and CA were stable using hydrophobic interactions as the main force, where CA preferred to interact with a stable binding pocket consisting of E256, E25, and V200 with N24 amino acid residues. In the binding process of CA and OVA, the conformation of OVA was altered with a slight reduction of α-helix and ß-sheet. The reduced molecular volume and more compact structure of the protein indicated that CA is beneficial to the structural stability of OVA. The research provides some new insights into the interaction between dietary proteins and polyphenols, expanding the application prospects of OVA as a carrier.

Affinity-Based Analysis Methods for the Detection of Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Residues in Animal-Derived Foods: A Review.

With the increasingly serious problem of aminoglycoside antibiotic residues, it is imperative to develop rapid, sensitive and efficient detection methods. This article reviews the detection methods of aminoglycoside antibiotics in animal-derived foods, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, fluorescent immunoassay, chemical immunoassay, affinity sensing assay, lateral flow immunochromatography and molecular imprinted immunoassay. After evaluating the performance of these methods, the advantages and disadvantages were analyzed and compared. Furthermore, development prospects and research trends were proposed and summarized. This review can serve as a basis for further research and provide helpful references and new insights for the analysis of aminoglycoside residues. Accordingly, the in-depth investigation and analysis will certainly make great contributions to food safety, public hygiene and human health.

H2S-based fluorescent imaging for pathophysiological processes.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as an important endogenous signaling molecule, plays a vital role in many physiological processes. The abnormal behaviors of hydrogen sulfide in organisms may lead to various pathophysiological processes. Monitoring the changes in hydrogen sulfide is helpful for pre-warning and treating these pathophysiological processes. Fluorescence imaging techniques can be used to observe changes in the concentration of analytes in organisms in real-time. Therefore, employing fluorescent probes imaging to investigate the behaviors of hydrogen sulfide in pathophysiological processes is vital. This paper reviews the design strategy and sensing mechanisms of hydrogen sulfide-based fluorescent probes, focusing on imaging applications in various pathophysiological processes, including neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, organ injury, and diabetes. This review not only demonstrates the specific value of hydrogen sulfide fluorescent probes in preclinical studies but also illuminates the potential application in clinical diagnostics.

A novel fluorescent probe for the detection of formaldehyde in real food samples, animal serum samples and gaseous formaldehyde.

Formaldehyde (FA) is widely used as an adhesion promoter and dyeing aid in industrial production. Ingestion of a certain amount of formaldehyde may cause corrosive burns in the mouth, throat, and digestive tract. Therefore, it is very necessary to use simple and effective detection methods to ensure human health and food safety. Herein, a novel fluorescent probe NFD based on naphthalimide for the detection of formaldehyde in food was designed and synthesized. The probe had a remarkable fluorescence response to formaldehyde at 554 nm. And it exhibited fascinating advantages of good selectivity, high sensitivity, and low detection limit. In addition, the solid sensor prepared by loading the probe on the filter paper was successfully realized the visual detection of liquid and gaseous formaldehyde. More importantly, the probe possessed excellent stability in the detection of formaldehyde in real food samples and animal serum samples.

Development of a responsive probe for colorimetric and fluorescent detection of bisulfite in food and animal serum samples in 100% aqueous solution.

Bisulfite (HSO3-) has the functions of bleaching, antiseptic, antioxidant, inhibiting bacterial growth, and controlling enzymatic reactions in food. However, long-term consumption of foods containing excessive amounts of bisulfite can be harmful to health. In addition, large doses of sulfur dioxide (SO2) can cause diarrhea, hypotension, allergic and asthmatic reactions in susceptible individuals. Therefore, it is urgent and essential to explore some rapid, reliable, and convenient tools to detect HSO3- in food and SO2 gas. Herein, we exploited a fluorescent probe, NPO, to detect HSO3- in 100 % aqueous solution. The probe has the advantages of easy synthesis, excellent water solubility, significant colorimetric change, good selectivity, high sensitivity, and fast response (within 1 min). Probe NPO was successfully applied for testing strips to visualize the behavior of HSO3- and SO2 gas. Moreover, the probe has been used to monitor the behavior of HSO3- in real food samples and animal serum samples.

Utility analysis of digital villages to empower balanced urban-rural development based on the three-stage DEA-Malmquist model.

Rural subjects, the agricultural industrial structure, public services and rural governance are fully empowered by digital villages. This empowerment effectively compensates for the urban-rural digital divide and promotes the equalization of urban-rural income, consumption, education, medical care, and governance. Based on the three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and Malmquist index, this article conducts an in-depth study of the static and dynamic efficiency trends of digital villages that empower urban-rural balanced development in 31 provinces in China from 2015 to 2020. The results show that comprehensive technical efficiency of 31 provinces is weak DEA effective, and that the scale efficiency is the main factor affecting comprehensive technical efficiency. The educational level, local finance and industrial structure optimization have a significant positive impact on efficiency evaluation, but technological innovation and the urbanization level have a significant negative impact. Total factor productivity shows diminishing marginal utility based on the Malmquist index and its decomposition change. Restricted by the change in technological progress, the efficiency of digital villages in China in enabling urban-rural equilibrium needs to be further improved.

Green Credit and Total Factor Carbon Emission Performance-Evidence from Moderation-Based Mediating Effect Test.

To achieve China's new development pattern and the "dual carbon" goals, it is necessary to boost emission reduction and high-quality economic development simultaneously. Green credit (GC), consisting of environmental regulation and economic leverage, has a profound impact on improving total factor carbon emission performance (TFCEP). By selecting the panel data of 30 provinces and municipalities in China from 2001 to 2020, this paper constructs a series of panel models to analyze the transmission path of GC to TFCEP. The results indicate that the relationship between GC and TFCEP showed an "inverted-U-shaped" relationship. This is mainly because "energy-saving and emission reduction" first appeared in the government planning outline in 2006, and transition-friendly enterprises successfully transformed with low-interest green credit, thereby effectively improving their TFCEP. However, as environmental regulations continue to increase and the scale of green credit continues to expand, the efficiency of green credit allocation and internal conflicts with other environmental regulation policies are also emerging. At the same time, the advancement of industrial structure and green technology innovation had a significant mediating effect between GC and TFCEP; government quality has a strong moderating effect on the second stage of the mediating process. When GC reaches a certain scale, it tends to restrain TFCEP more in central and western China than in eastern China. Therefore, it is of great significance to continuously increase the scale of GC, promote the advancement of clean energy industrial structure, and improve green technology innovation.

A bifunctional fluorescent probe based on PET & ICT for simultaneously recognizing Cys and H2S in living cells.

Most reported probes that respond to Cysteine (Cys) and Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can only identify one analyte, or they were interfered with homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH) when recognizing Cys and H2S. In addition, nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) ether, as one of thiols recognition sites, inevitably encounters the situation that Cys, GSH and H2S cannot be distinguished on the same channel at the cellular level. In this work, by introducing NBD ether and NBD amine, we constructed a bifunctional fluorescent probe NJB for dual-site response to Cys and H2S via PET & ICT processes. NJB has wonderful selectivity for identifying Cys and HS-, with limits of detection as low as 58.4 nM and 81.1 nM, respectively. Interestingly, NJB has been successfully applied to detect Cys and HS- in MCF-7 cells. Therefore, the probe that serves as a great tool for inquiring the physiological and pathological functions of Cys and H2S in living cells is promising.

A turn-off Eu-MOF@Fe2+ sensor for the selective and sensitive fluorescence detection of bromate in wheat flour.

A new europium metal-organic framework (Eu-MOF) was prepared by simple hydrothermal method. The product exhibited intense red fluorescence, long fluorescence lifetime (0.454 ms) and excellent fluorescence stability. The fluorescence titration result showed that Fe3+ could completely quench the fluorescence of Eu-MOF, while the fluorescence quenching effect of Fe2+ or bromate was negligible. Considering the strong oxidizing property of bromate, a "turn off" Eu-MOF@Fe2+ sensor toward bromate was designed by generating Fe3+ due to the redox reaction. The results showed that the sensor displayed a wide linear range (0-0.2 mM), high sensitivity (LOD = 3.7 × 10-6 mol/L), good selectivity and resistant to possible interferences in real four sample. Furthermore, the detection mechanism was investigated by PXRD, XPS and UV-Vis methods. More importantly, the Eu-MOF@Fe2+ sensor was further applied to detect bromate in wheat flour with satisfactory recovery (95.30%-104.38%) and accuracy (RSD < 2.85%). These results suggest that Eu-MOF@Fe2+ can be used as a potential sensor to detect bromate in food industry.

A bifunctional fluorescent probe based on "AND logic" for the simultaneous recognition of H2S/HNO and its bioimaging applications.

The reaction of NO and H2S to form HNO is a classical pathway in physiological conditions. The reported single recognition-type fluorescent probes are difficult to track precisely the relationships of H2S and HNO. It is necessary to develop a bifunctional fluorescence probe (NJA) for monitoring simultaneously the production of endogenous HNO and H2S. Using 7-Nitrobenzofurazan (NBD) and 2-(diphenylphosphine) benzoate as recognition sites, the obatined NJA can detect specifically HS- and HNO. The detection limit of HS- and HNO are 0.46 µM and 1.42 µM, respectively. Based on the dual recognition sites and input signals of the probe, a molecular "AND" logic gate was established to detect successfully H2S and HNO in MCF-7 cells. NJA based on "AND logic" provided a simple and robust tool for monitoring the production of endogenous HNO correlative with H2S and NO in living cells.

A bifunctional fluorescent sensor for CCCP-induced cancer cell apoptosis imaging.

The detailed mechanism and the extent of pH/SO2 changes during apoptosis remain unknown. The developed sensor NPCF for SO2 and pH dual detection illustrates that SO2 can reduce the inflammation caused by LPS and the acidification of the environment. The levels of SO2 and pH change during carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP)-induced apoptosis.

A three-channel fluorescent probe to image mitochondrial stress.

Dual-recognition probes based on one reacting site inevitably encounter competition problems. Here, NPClA, a two-photon fluorescent probe based on a dual-site response for SO2/HOCl, was developed and applied in imaging mitochondrial stress.

The spatial organization of trace silver atoms on a DNA template.

DNA with programmable information can be used to encode the spatial organization of silver atoms. Based on the primary structures of a DNA template containing a controllable base arrangement and number, the surrounding environment and cluster together can induce the folding of the DNA template into an appropriate secondary structure for forming AgNCs with different fluorescence emissions, such as i-motif, G-quadruplex, dimeric template, triplex, monomeric or dimeric C-loop, emitter pair, and G-enhancer/template conjugate. Stimuli can induce the dynamic structural transformation of the DNA template with a recognition site for favourably or unfavourably forming AgNCs, along with varied fluorescence intensities and colours. The array of several or more of the same and different clusters can be performed on simple and complex nanostructures, while maintaining their original properties. By sorting out this review, we systematically conclude the link between the performance of AgNCs and the secondary structure of the DNA template, and summarize the precise arrangement of nanoclusters on DNA nanotechnology. This clear review on the origin and controllability of AgNCs based on the secondary structure of the DNA template is beneficial for exploring the new probe and optical devices.

Reductive stress imaging in the endoplasmic reticulum by using living cells and zebrafish.

Excessive accumulation of reducing agents in the ER leads to a constitutively high UPR. And the co-function of GSH, Cys and HOCl in biological processes is not well understood. To address this, a TP probe, NPCC, was developed for monitoring reductive stress in the ER. It can also distinguish cancer cells from normal cells.

A long-wavelength-emitting fluorescent probe for simultaneous discrimination of H2S/Cys/GSH and its bio-imaging applications.

A long-wavelength fluorescent probe NR-CY was developed for simultaneous identification of cysteine/glutathione and sulphide by combining the derivative of Nile red with 7-nitrobenzofurazan. The response of NR-CY to thiols is regulated by intramolecular charge transfer and photoinduced electron transfer mechanisms. For sulphide at 560 nm, cysteine at 475 nm and glutathione at 425 nm, different absorbance increases can be observed. NR-CY can detect cysteine at fluorescence emission 543 nm and distinguish sulphide from other analytes by kinetic experiments at 636 nm. The probe showed a rapid response to these thiols (cysteine was 90 s and sulphide was 30 s). In addition, NR-CY has been successfully applied to live MCF-7 cell imaging.