ABSTRACT
Lipid peroxide levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione transferase (GST) activities were investigated in mitochondrial fractions obtained from tumorous and nontumorous colorectal tissues of fourteen patients with colon and rectum cancer. Histopathological evaluations, including type, stage, necrosis and lymphocyte infiltration were also performed for each patient. The activities of SOD, GSH-Px and GST were increased significantly, but lipid peroxide levels remained unchanged in mitochondria obtained from tumors compared to adjacent normal tissues of subjects with colorectal cancer. When the patients were grouped according to their histopathological evaluation, such as type, stage, necrosis and lymphocyte infiltration, no relationship was observed between the histopathological results and the mitochondrial lipid peroxidation or antioxidant enzyme activities.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Glutathione Transferase/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation , Mitochondria/metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Colon/metabolism , Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Colonic Neoplasms/surgery , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Female , Humans , Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism , Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Necrosis , Neoplasm Staging , Rectal Neoplasms/metabolism , Rectal Neoplasms/pathology , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Rectum/metabolismABSTRACT
In this study, lipid peroxide and glutathione (GSH) levels, GSH peroxidase, GSH S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities were investigated in tumorous and nontumorous colorectal tissues obtained from ten patients diagnosed with colon and rectum cancer. Histopathological evaluations, including type, stage, necrosis and lymphocyte infiltration, were also performed for each patient. According to the results, lipid peroxide and GSH levels and the activities of GSH peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase were found to be increased, while GSH S-transferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities remained unchanged in tumors compared to adjacent normal tissues of subjects with colorectal cancer. However, the considerable interindividual variations were found in these parameters. A definite interrelation between histopathological results with lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system was not observed.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Colorectal Neoplasms/metabolism , Lipid Peroxides/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Colon/metabolism , Colorectal Neoplasms/enzymology , Female , Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase/metabolism , Glutathione/metabolism , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Glutathione Transferase/metabolism , Humans , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Middle Aged , Rectum/metabolism , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/metabolismABSTRACT
Erythrocyte diene conjugate levels and glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were found unchanged in hypercholesterolemic subjects with plasma cholesterol levels of 240 mg/dl as compared to normocholesterolemics (below 200 mg/dl). However, the susceptibility of VLDL + LDL, apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins to copper-induced peroxidation and plasma endogenous malondialdehyde levels were increased in hypercholesterolemics. These results indicate that hypercholesterolemia is associated with increased susceptibility of VLDL + LDL to lipid peroxidation.
Subject(s)
Apolipoproteins B/analysis , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Hypercholesterolemia/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/physiology , Lipoproteins/chemistry , Cholesterol/blood , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/blood , Glutathione Peroxidase/blood , Glutathione Peroxidase/physiology , Humans , Hypercholesterolemia/blood , Hypercholesterolemia/enzymology , Lipoproteins, LDL/blood , Lipoproteins, VLDL/blood , Malondialdehyde/blood , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Phospholipids/blood , Superoxide Dismutase/blood , Superoxide Dismutase/physiologyABSTRACT
This study was carried out on young (20-35 years) and old (60-85 years) men and rats (6 vs 22 months) to investigate the effect of aging on plasma lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system. Plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), total fatty acid (TFA) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased in aged humans and rats compared with young groups. However, plasma MDA/TFA ratios did not increase in aged humans and rats. Plasma vitamin E/TFA, and total thiol content were found to decrease both in aged humans and rats. Plasma antioxidant activity (AOA) decreased only in aged rats. In addition, the susceptibility of VLDL+LDL, apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins to copper-induced peroxidation increased with aging. It is concluded that aging is associated with some variations in plasma oxidant-antioxidant balance.
ABSTRACT
Endogen malondialdehyde (MDA), diene conjugate levels, the susceptibility to copper-induced lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of serum were determined in patients with atherosclerotic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and myocard infarction. Lipid peroxidation susceptibility and antioxidant activity did not change, however, an increase in endogen MDA and diene conjugate levels was observed in serum of these patients. These results indicate the presence of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus and myocard infarction.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Lipid Peroxidation , Myocardial Infarction/blood , Aged , Copper/pharmacology , Female , Humans , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Male , Malondialdehyde/blood , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Glutathione levels were found to be decreased while lipid peroxide levels were increased in total liver homogenates 6 h following paracetamol treatment (500 mg kg-1 i.p.). Furthermore, it has been determined that cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was decreased and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity remained unchanged. On the other hand, a decrease in liver microsomal lipid peroxide levels and an increase in GST and GSH-Px activity has been observed. We concluded that decreased lipid peroxide levels in microsomes could be a consequence of increased GSH-Px and GST enzyme activities. In this way, these glutathione-related defence enzyme systems may play an important role in protecting microsomes from lipid peroxidation.
Subject(s)
Acetaminophen/toxicity , Glutathione/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Liver/enzymology , Animals , Cytosol/drug effects , Cytosol/enzymology , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Glutathione Transferase/metabolism , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Microsomes, Liver/drug effects , Microsomes, Liver/enzymology , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/physiologyABSTRACT
Hepatic lipid peroxidation was shown to be stimulated in the livers of cholestatic rats with increased hydroxyproline levels. In another group, cholestatic rats were fed with a copper-supplemented diet to increase hepatic copper levels. Although liver copper concentrations increased about 16-fold in copper supplemented cholestatic rats compared to normally fed cholestatic rats, no change was observed either in hepatic lipid peroxidation or in hydroxyproline levels.
Subject(s)
Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/metabolism , Copper/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/physiology , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/etiology , Liver/metabolism , Alanine Transaminase/metabolism , Alkaline Phosphatase/metabolism , Animals , Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism , Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism , Bilirubin/metabolism , Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/complications , Cholestasis, Intrahepatic/pathology , Diet , Disease Models, Animal , Hydroxyproline/metabolism , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/metabolism , Male , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
The effect of acute and chronic ethanol administration on brain lipid peroxide and glutathione levels was investigated in rats. Acute ethanol administration (5 g/kg, i.p.) led to an increase in lipid peroxide levels and a decrease in glutathione levels in whole brain homogenates without cerebellum. However, there was no change in brain lipid peroxide and glutathione levels of rats chronically treated with ethanol.
Subject(s)
Brain/drug effects , Ethanol/toxicity , Glutathione/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Alcoholic Intoxication/pathology , Alcoholism/pathology , Animals , Brain/pathology , Liver/pathology , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
The effects of acetaldehyde and ethanol treatments on hepatic lipid peroxidation are compared in rats after the administration of toxically corresponding doses. Wistar rats were given a single dose of acetaldehyde (0.5 g/kg) or ethanol (5 g/kg) intraperitoneally. The animals were killed 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h after treatments. The results indicate that acetaldehyde, like ethanol, stimulates hepatic lipid peroxidation and also selectively affects the hepatic mitochondria.
Subject(s)
Acetaldehyde/toxicity , Alcoholic Intoxication/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Microsomes, Liver/metabolism , Mitochondria, Liver/metabolism , Animals , In Vitro Techniques , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Microsomes, Liver/drug effects , Mitochondria, Liver/drug effects , Rats , Rats, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
NADPH-induced microsomal lipid peroxidation was found to be significantly inhibited in the livers of cholestatic rats. In cholestasis, microsomal cholesterol content was increased while phospholipid content remained unchanged.