ABSTRACT
Gelidium sesquipedale is valued in the Spanish agar industry, but its production generates substantial waste, often discarded despite its nutritional and bioactive content. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) at 175 °C and 50 bar for 130 min was performed on this waste after agar extraction, comparing it to conventional ethanol extraction. The SWE extract exhibited superior nutritional profile, including proteins (170.6 ± 1.0 mg/gfreeze-dried-extract), essential amino acids (18.1%), carbohydrates (148.1 ± 0.3 mg/gfreeze-dried-extract), total phenolic content (57 ± 7 mg-EqGA/gfreeze-dried-extract), and also containing Maillard reaction compounds, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, 2-furanmethanol, 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone, and 5-methyl-2-furfural, influencing color, aroma and flavor. This extract showed better antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties than the conventional extract, and higher xanthine oxidase, tyrosinase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities. Toxicological assessment on human cells indicated the safety of the SWE extract. Therefore, SWE technology offers a promising method to valorize G. sesquipedale residue, yielding a bioactive and nutrient-rich extract suitable for food and nutraceutical applications.
ABSTRACT
The double effect of supercritical carbon dioxide, sc-CO2, in a biorefinery concept applied to brewer's spent grain (BSG) was assessed in this work. Extraction conditions to remove and valorize the lipophilic fraction were studied (20-40 MPa and 40-80 °C) obtaining a maximum yield of 5.70 ± 0.07 g/100 gBSG at 80 °C and 40 MPa. High pressures and temperatures resulted in higher content of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, as well as higher antioxidant capacity. It was observed an improvement of the enzymatic hydrolysis yield by cellulase in the sc-CO2 treated BSG compared to the non-treated. This improvement could be partially attributed to the removal of the lipid fraction and to morphological changes of BSG after sc-CO2. Based on this double benefit, sc-CO2 can play an important role on biomass valorization.
Subject(s)
Carbon Dioxide , Edible Grain , Biomass , Hydrolysis , Plant StructuresABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Bronchiectasis/complications , Bronchiectasis/diagnosis , Quality of Life , Cough/complications , Prognosis , Cough/etiology , Surveys and QuestionnairesSubject(s)
Bronchiectasis/complications , Cough/psychology , Quality of Life , Severity of Illness Index , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cough/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , PrognosisABSTRACT
Pervaporation has been used to obtain aroma concentrates from brown crab boiling juice. The boiling juice and the obtained permeate have been analysed by Headspace Solid Phase Dynamic Extraction Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. The effect of feed temperature on the pervaporation performance of the membrane has been analysed. The permeate aroma profile, at 25 â and 40 â, was different from that of the boiling juice. Enrichment factors for some of the volatile compounds were much lower than those obtained in model aqueous dilute solutions. Pervaporation performance can be significantly improved by modifying the permeant circuit to include two condensation stages.
Subject(s)
Brachyura , Odorants/analysis , Shellfish , Solutions/chemistry , Temperature , Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis , Animals , Cooking , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Humans , Solid Phase Microextraction , WaterABSTRACT
Objetivo: Determinar si las pacientes con cesárea tienen un mayor número de complicaciones que las de parto y describir el tipo de complicaciones observadas. Sujetos y métodos: Se revisaron los expedientes de 1.017 pacientes que finalizaron su gestación en el Hospital Materno-Infantil Vall d'Hebron durante el primer trimestre de 2007. Resultados: Para una tasa de cesáreas del 22%, la incidencia de complicaciones maternas fue del 18% y del 6% en los partos (riesgo relativo = [RR] 3,1; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 2,4-15.1). Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron la infección de herida (7,5%), la transfusión de sangre (5,3%) y la hemorragia (3,1%); la endomiometritis fue más común en el grupo de pacientes de parto (el 1,6 frente al 1,3%). Conclusiones: La cesárea tiene un riesgo de complicaciones tempranas 3 veces mayor que el parto. La menor incidencia de endomiometritis poscesárea quizá es consecuencia de la profilaxis antibiótica, pero se requieren más estudios para llegar a una conclusión al respecto
Objective: To determine whether patients whoundergo cesarean section are at higher risk ofcomplications than those who have a vaginal birthand to describe the complications observed.Subjects and methods: We reviewed the clinicalrecords of 1017 patients who gave birth at theMaterno- Vall dHebron Maternity and ChildHospital in the first trimester of 2007.Results: For a cesarean rate of 22%, the incidenceof maternal complication was 18%, while forvaginal birth the incidence was 6% (RR 3.1, 95% CI2.4-15.1). The most frequent complications werewound infection (7.5%), transfusions (5.3%) andhemorrhage (3.1%); endomyometritis was morecommon in the group with vaginal births (1.6% vs.1.3%).Conclusions: Cesarean section is associated with athree times higher risk of complications thanvaginal birth. The lower incidence ofendomyometritis after cesarean sections may be aconsequence of antibiotic prophylaxis, but furtherstudies are required to draw firm conclusions onthis topic
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Cesarean Section/adverse effects , Risk Factors , Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology , Endometritis/epidemiology , Blood Transfusion , Uterine Hemorrhage/epidemiologyABSTRACT
This research is based on previous studies which identified a specific respiratory pattern and inhalation-exhalation ratio, with which we were able to obtain significantly greater reductions in psychophysiological activation than with other respiratory patterns. The present study aimed to check the effectiveness of this respiratory pattern in learning based on biofeedback from the electrical conductance of the skin. The results obtained demonstrated that biofeedback combined with this respiratory pattern produced a significant reduction in psychophysiological activation and improved learning through biofeedback techniques.
Subject(s)
Arousal/physiology , Biofeedback, Psychology/physiology , Exhalation/physiology , Galvanic Skin Response/physiology , Inhalation/physiology , Adult , Autonomic Nervous System/physiology , Female , Humans , Male , Monitoring, Physiologic , Signal Processing, Computer-AssistedABSTRACT
La tubercúlide papulonecrótica (TPN) es una forma de tuberculosis cutánea con un cuadro clínico e histológico característico. La incidencia de la TPN en España es muy baja. Presentamos a un paciente de 22 años, de contexto económico-social medio, con criterios clínicos e histológicos floridos de TPN, pero con negatividad para trazas moleculares de micobacterias por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR)
Papulonecrotic tuberculid (PTB) is a form of cutaneous tuberculosis with characteristic clinical and histological manifestations. The incidence of PNT is very low in Spain. We present the case of a 22-year-old male patient from a middle-class social and economic background, with clinical and histological criteria of PNT, but who showed negative for molecular traces of mycobacteria using PCR
Subject(s)
Male , Adult , Humans , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/drug therapy , Tuberculosis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/isolation & purification , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Biopsy/methods , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use , Isoniazid/therapeutic use , Spain/epidemiology , Social Class , Vasculitis, Central Nervous System/complications , Necrosis/complicationsABSTRACT
El cálculo de la dosis adecuada de diálisis, es motivo de controversia, En muchas ocasiones la dosis de diálisis prescrita es menor a la realmente administrada, varios factores contribuyen a esta discrepancia. En este estudio se analiza el cumplimiento de los tiempos pautados, mediante la medición del flujo total de sangre durante la sesión de hemodiálisis. Se analizan 401 sesiones de hemodiálisis de 10 pacientes 3 mujeres y 7 hombres. Con unos criterios de inclusión de flujo sanguíneo constante (300 ml/min) y tiempo de diálisis (4 horas) lo que supone un total de 72 litros de sangre. La medición se realiza mediante un sistema tacométrico conectado con el eje rotor de la bomba de sangre. La media de flujo total de sangre durante la sesión fue de 73.4. En 125 sesiones (31.2 por ciento) se detectó un flujo menor de 72 litros, no obstante en un (19 por ciento) de las sesiones se determinaron más de '77 litros. A la luz de los resultados obtenidos podemos concluir que en nuestra unidad se cumplen de forma aceptable los tiempos de diálisis pautados.De los factores relacionados con los cambios de flujo total de sangre, destacan los relacionados con la tensión arterial. Consideramos pues de interés la valoración de flujo como un parámetro más en la recogida de datos de la sesión de hemodiálisis. (AU)
