ABSTRACT
Trans women are specifically vulnerable to interpersonal violence. Being perceived as the gender that a transgender person identifies with, defined in some contexts as passing, may influence violence ratings. The EVAS (Violence and Health Self-Evaluation) study was a cross-sectional study that enrolled 121 trans women between 2019 and 2020 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, aiming to investigate the association between self-reported passing and different types of interpersonal violence. We enrolled 121 participants who had a median age of 36.3 (interquartile range [IQR] 13.7). Most of them were Black/mixed (78.5%) and had at least a high school education (63%). Most participants considered themselves as trans women (71.9%). Their median monthly income was $252.50 (IQR $302.50). Only 40 (33.1%) trans women had a main partner. Trans women with high passing had a higher prevalence of family violence and lower prevalence of observed police violence, violence in open and closed public spaces. Participants that reported a high passing had higher prevalence of family violence (p = .016); moreover, they reported observing less frequently police violence in the neighborhood they lived in for the last 12 months (p = .012) as well as having lower rates of suffering violence. Trans women who reported high passing had 81% (56%-92%) lower chance of suffering violence in open public places more than once, while prior racism experience had a positive association with violence in an open public place (aOR = 3.93, 95% CI [.48, 15.40]). Passing seems to protect from violence in public spaces, whilst it increases family violence. Data also suggest that observing police violence and violence in close public spaces. There is an urgent need to better understand the complex relationships around violence and foster its prevention.
Subject(s)
Domestic Violence , Sexual Partners , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , PrevalenceABSTRACT
The world is now facing the most severe health, social, and economic event of the last hundred years, which has made the need to acquire statistical thinking to interpret the information disseminated on a daily basis by the media clear to society. This article proposes a discussion on the role that statistics education might play in supporting the acquisition of such knowledge, contributing to the development of critical citizens, aware of their social responsibility. In this context, we present examples of curves and other charts to demonstrate how to use the several levels defined by experts in reading and interpreting the charts. At a more advanced level, these examples will allow discussion on the impacts of this epidemic on the most vulnerable population in Brazil. The charts presented reveal a great regional inequality, suggesting that mortality due to the virus is distinguished by region and micro-region when considering access to hospital beds. The examples signpost ways for educators to be able to develop projects or research based on the discussion on the reality of the pandemic, the necessary public policies, and how political coordination grounded on science and on a humanitarian vision would have mitigated the Brazilian tragedy.
ABSTRACT
To assess the quality of the primary health care network, the Ministry of Health created the Program for Improving Access and Quality in Primary Care (PMAQ), a national evaluation of family health teams. Thus, this study aims to present the geolocation of PMAQ 2012 quality indicators in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The PMAQ data show that, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, 65% of the teams achieved the performances "good" or "excellent," 34.7% "regular," and 0.3% "unsatisfactory." The results show a clear PMAQ polarization between teams units classified as optimal and regular in program areas 5 and 3, respectively.
Subject(s)
Ambulatory Care Facilities/standards , Health Services Accessibility , Primary Health Care , Quality of Health Care , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family Health , Humans , Program EvaluationABSTRACT
Introducción: el riesgo de contaminación de los profesionales implicados en el cuidado de pacientes con tuberculosis revelan la enfermedad presentada en el entorno intra-hospitalario. Objetivos: determinar la prevalencia de casos de tuberculosis en profesionales de un hospital universitario en la ciudad de Rio de Janeiro y analizar el perfil epidemiológico de los casos reportados. Métodos: análisis retrospectivo de casos secundarios de tuberculosis notificados entre 2007 y 2011. Proyecto aprobado por el comité de ética de la investigación en el marco del registro CAAE: 05916912.6.0000.5285. Para el análisis de datos elegido por la frecuencia simple y estadísticas de identificación. Resultados: la prevalencia de la tuberculosis en el hospital fue mayor en la categoría otros profesionales afines, hombres (57,1 por ciento) y caucásicos (71,4 por ciento). Conclusiones: los resultados apuntaron a la necesidad de incorporar las normas de bioseguridad recomendadas por el programa de control de la tuberculosis en los servicios de salud(AU)
Introduction: the risk of contamination in professionals involved in the care of patients with tuberculosis reveal the presence of disease in the intra-hospital environment. Objective: to identify the prevalence of reported cases of tuberculosis in professionals in a university hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro and analyze the epidemiological profile of cases reported. Methods: retrospective analysis of secondary cases of tuberculosis reported between 2007 and 2011. Project approved by the research ethics committee under the CAAE registration: 05916912.6.0000.5285. Methodos: For data analysis chosen by the simple frequency and identification statistics. Results: the prevalence of tuberculosis in hospital was higher in the category other related professionals (health aides and maintenance of servers), males (57.1 percent) and Caucasians (71.4 percent). Conclusions: the results pointed to the need to incorporate the biosafety norms recommended by the TB control program in health services(AU)
