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1.
Eur J Psychotraumatol ; 15(1): 2355829, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38856038

ABSTRACT

Background: Narrative exposure therapy (NET) is a recommended intervention for people with multiple trauma histories; however, research is lacking into its use with people experiencing psychosis, many of whom report multiple trauma histories.Objective: This study aimed to explore experiences of NET in early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services.Method: Eight clinicians and four experts with lived experience (experts by experience) of psychosis and multiple trauma were interviewed on a single occasion using two versions (clinician and expert by experience) of a semi-structured interview schedule. Data was analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Five overarching themes were generated, relating to fear and avoidance of memories, importance of trust, organizing memories and making new meaning, reconnecting with emotions, and considerations when delivering NET in EIP.Conclusions: Directly addressing the impact of multiple trauma in people experiencing first episode psychosis is frightening and emotive, but helps to address painful memories and organize them into a personal narrative. Increases in distress and anomalous experiences were carefully considered by clinicians, but typically outweighed by the benefits of NET. Challenges were comparable to those described in non-psychosis research. Implications for clinical practice and future research are outlined.


Many people experiencing psychosis report multiple trauma histories. Narrative exposure therapy (NET) is a recommended intervention for people with multiple trauma histories, but research into its use with people experiencing psychosis is limited.This qualitative study found that clinicians and experts by experience in early intervention in psychosis services valued NET for its effect on organizing memories, reducing their emotional impact, and making new meaning around experiences, and that challenges of NET were similar to those described in non-psychosis research.Some participants described experiencing distress and dysregulation during NET, including an increase in anomalous experiences. Although this was typically temporary and outweighed by NET's benefits, careful assessment before and flexibility during the intervention are considered important for building engagement and trust.


Subject(s)
Implosive Therapy , Psychotic Disorders , Humans , Psychotic Disorders/therapy , Psychotic Disorders/psychology , Female , Male , Adult , Narrative Therapy , Qualitative Research , Narration
2.
J Healthc Qual Res ; 2024 May 28.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38811300

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the aspects with the greatest impact on the satisfaction of patients treated in a multidisciplinary unit specialising in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) and to identify areas for improvement in the care model. METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study using a satisfaction survey structured in three blocks: sociodemographic variables, functional aspects of the unit and satisfaction with the professionals. Immediate satisfaction was measured on aspects related to the care received, the physical structure and the likelihood of recommending the unit. RESULTS: A total of 168 patients completed the surveys, the mean score of overall satisfaction with the unit was 4.75 (SD:0.4). The regression model showed the relationship between overall satisfaction and unit signage (OR:3.558, p=0.045, 95% CI: 1.027-12.33), coordination between professionals (OR:9.043, p=0.000, 95% CI: 2.79-29.28) and participation in decision making (OR: 44.836, p=0.000, 95% CI: 5.49-365.97). In terms of immediate satisfaction, the overall Net Promoter Score (NPS) was 87 (excellent). The mean score for coordination with Primary Care was 4.54 (SD:0.8) and they scored waiting time to be seen with 4.49 (SD:0.8), so they have been considered an area for improvement The mean score for coordination with Primary Care was 4.54 (SD:0.8) and they scored waiting time to be seen with 4.49 (SD:0.8), so both were considered areas for improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Coordination between intra-centre professionals and patient participation in decision-making explain the excellent level of patient satisfaction. The monitoring of satisfaction has made it possible to implement immediate improvement actions.

3.
Conserv Biol ; : e14283, 2024 Apr 25.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38660931

ABSTRACT

Human behavior is a key driver of the biodiversity crisis, and addressing it requires changing individual choices and actions. Yet, the same processes that imperil biodiversity (e.g., urbanization) also alienate people from the experience of nature, eroding care for the natural world. Although averting this extinction of experience is increasingly recognized as a major contemporary conservation challenge, understanding of what constitutes nature experience remains elusive and few empirical studies have explored it directly. Most researchers have used nature interactions as a stand-in for experience, even though experience extends beyond interactions. We aimed to determine what constitutes the experience of nature and to propose a holistic, empirically derived framework that incorporates the multiple dimensions and components of the experience of nature. Using a mixed-method approach across 3 countries (the United States, Switzerland, and Israel), we conducted a multistage, conceptual content, cognitive mapping (3CM) exercise with 106 participants. This methodology included developing a prompt to capture participants' perceptions of nature experiences and subsequently refining and organizing their input into distinct components and underlying dimensions through an iterative engagement process. Beyond multisensory interactions with nature, experience of nature consisted of 2 dimensions: the circumstances in which interactions occur and the internal responses that encompass various cognitive, affective, and restorative benefits associated with nature interactions. These 3 dimensions had 33 components that occurred consistently across participants in the 3 countries. Frequently mentioned components included seeing animals, landscapes, or scenery; lack of human influence; weather conditions; relaxing, recharging; feeling good; and awe for nature. Fear and nature experienced at home were the least mentioned components. Together, our results showed that nature experience is a combination of nature interactions, circumstances, and internal responses. The emphasized components underscore the significance of offering access to extensive, less human-influenced natural spaces. This in turn can foster a profound nature experience, cultivating feelings of connectedness and care for nature.


Un marco de trabajo para entender la experiencia humana de la naturaleza a través del mapeo cognitivo Resumen El comportamiento humano es un factor clave en la crisis de la biodiversidad, por lo que abordarlo requiere cambios en las acciones y elecciones individuales. Aun así, los mismos procesos que ponen en peligro la biodiversidad (p. ej.: la urbanización) también alejan a las personas de experimentar la naturaleza, lo que disminuye el cuidado por la naturaleza. Aunque cada vez se reconoce más que evitar la extinción de las experiencias es un reto importante para la conservación, todavía no está claro qué constituye una experiencia de la naturaleza y pocos estudios empíricos lo han estudiado directamente. La mayoría de los investigadores ha usado las interacciones con la naturaleza como un sustituto para las experiencias, aunque éstas van más allá de las interacciones. Buscamos determinar qué constituye a las experiencias de la naturaleza y proponer un marco holístico y empírico que incorpore las múltiples dimensiones y componentes de la experiencia de la naturaleza. Usamos una estrategia de método mixto en tres países (EUA, Suiza e Israel) para realizar un ejercicio de un mapeo cognitivo de contenido conceptual en varias fases (3CM) con 106 participantes. Esta metodología incluyó el desarrollo de una entrada para capturar la percepción de los participantes con respecto a las experiencias de la naturaleza y con ello refinar y organizar sus contribuciones en diferentes componentes y dimensiones subyacentes por medio de un proceso iterativo de participación. Más allá de las interacciones multisensoriales con la naturaleza, las vivencias de la naturaleza consistieron en dos dimensiones: las circunstancias en las que ocurren las interacciones y las respuestas internas que engloban varios beneficios cognitivos, afectivos y restauradores asociados con las interacciones con la naturaleza. Estas dos dimensiones contaron con 33 componentes que aparecieron constantemente entre los participantes de los tres países. Con frecuencia mencionaron componentes que incluían avistamiento de animales o paisajes; la ausencia de influencia humana; las condiciones del clima; relajarse, recargarse; sentirse bien; y asombro por la naturaleza. El miedo y la naturaleza vivida en casa fueron los componentes menos mencionados. En conjunto, nuestros resultados mostraron que las vivencias de la naturaleza son una combinación de interacciones con la naturaleza, circunstancias y respuestas internas. Los componentes enfatizados resaltan la importancia de ofrecer acceso a los espacios naturales extensos con menos influencia humana. Esto a la vez puede promover una experiencia profunda de la naturaleza, lo que genera sentimientos de conexión y cuidado de la naturaleza.

4.
Licere (Online) ; 27(01): 119-141, março.2024. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1554314

ABSTRACT

A presença das bicicletas em Fortaleza, uma capital brasileira que tem ampliado a oferta de rotas cicláveis, ciclovias e ciclofaixas, é notada em diversas regiões da cidade e pode ser percebida como elemento fundamental na paisagem e tem forte influência nas alterações do tecido urbano de Fortaleza, desde a intensa manifestação cidadã em sua defesa como meio de transporte ou através da arte urbana. O estudo baseia-se em pesquisa exploratória, bibliográfica e documental, com observação participante e realização de grupo focal; traz reflexões sobre a bicicleta como bem simbólico, como elemento comunicativo, indutor do direito à cidade e instrumento de desenvolvimento urbano sustentável. Dialogando com Armando Silva (2014), Jane Jacobs (2011), Michel Maffesoli (2014), Fernanda Sánchez (2010), Jean-Mar Besse (2014), arguimos a importância do artefato bicicleta como elemento dinâmico na composição da paisagem cultural de Fortaleza.


The presence of bicycles in Fortaleza, a Brazilian capital that has expanded the offer of cycling routes, cycle paths and cycle lanes, is noted in several regions of the city and can be perceived as a fundamental element in the landscape and has a strong influence on changes to the urban fabric of Fortaleza, from the intense citizen demonstration in defense of it as a means of transport or through urban art. The study is based on exploratory, bibliographic and documentary research, with participant observation and focus groups; brings reflections on the bicycle as a symbolic asset, as a communicative element, an inducer of the right to the city and an instrument of sustainable urban development. Dialoguing with Armando Silva (2014), Jane Jacobs (2011), Michel Maffesoli (2014), Fernanda Sánchez (2010), Jean-Mar Besse (2014), we argue the importance of the bicycle artifact as a dynamic element in the composition of the cultural landscape of Fortaleza.

5.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 47(1): 1-13, ene. 2024. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-229081

ABSTRACT

Introduction The Colonoscopy Satisfaction and Safety Questionnaire based on Patient experience (CSSQP) was recently developed and validated within a Bowel Cancer Screening Program. We aimed to identify factor related to patient experience through the CSSQP, including all indications for colonoscopy. Indicators of satisfaction and perceived safety with colonoscopy were also assessed to compare the different centers. Methods Multicenter study in nine Spanish hospitals. Consecutive patients who had undergone a colonoscopy completed the CSSQP adding a novel item on bowel preparation. Factors related to patient experiences and data from non-respondents were analyzed. Results Of 2200 patients, 1753 filled out the questionnaire (response rate 79.7%, sample error 2%). Patients whose colonoscopy indication was a primary colorectal cancer screening (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.15–2.44, p=0.007) or due to a +FIT (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.18–2.53) reported higher satisfaction than patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. In addition, college-educated patients (OR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.25–3.56) were more likely to report better overall satisfaction than patients with lower education level. Significant differences were observed in the majority of the CSSQP items between centers. Safety incidents were reported by 35 (2%) patients, and 176 (10%) patients reported that they received insufficient information. Conclusion The CSSQP identifies several significant factors on satisfaction and perceived safety in patients referred for colonoscopy for any reason. The CSSQP also allows comparison of patient-identified colonoscopy quality indicators between centers (AU)


Introducción El Cuestionario de Satisfacción y Seguridad de la Colonoscopia basado en la experiencia del Paciente (CSSQP) ha sido desarrollado y validado recientemente en pacientes del Programa de cribado de cáncer colorrectal (CCR). El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los factores relacionados con la experiencia de los pacientes a través del CSSQP, incluyendo todas las indicaciones de la colonoscopia. Además, se evaluaron los factores relacionados con la satisfacción y la seguridad del paciente con el fin de comparar diferentes departamentos. Métodos Estudio multicéntrico de nueve hospitales españoles en el que se incluyeron pacientes consecutivos que completaron el CSSQP incorporando un nuevo ítem sobre la preparación intestinal. Se analizaron los factores relacionados con la experiencia de los pacientes y los datos de los no respondedores. Resultados De 2.200 pacientes, 1.753 completaron el cuestionario (tasa de respuesta del 79,7%, error muestral del 2%). Los pacientes en los que la indicación era por cribado de CCR (OR: 1,68; IC 95%: 1,15-2,44; p=0,007) o por FIT positivo (OR: 1,73; IC 95%: 1,18-2,53) informaron mayor satisfacción que en aquellos que se solicitó la colonoscopia por síntomas gastrointestinales. Además, los pacientes con estudios universitarios (OR: 2,11; IC 95%: 1,25-3,56) informaron mayor satisfacción que aquellos con menor nivel de estudios. Se observaron diferencias significativas en la mayoría de los ítems del CSSQP entre los centros participantes. Treinta y cinco (2%) pacientes reportaron incidentes de seguridad y 176 (10%) reconocieron haber recibido información insuficiente. Conclusiones El CSSQP identifica los factores determinantes que influyen en la satisfacción y la seguridad de los pacientes a los que se les realiza colonoscopia por cualquier indicación. Además, permite comparar los indicadores de calidad de la colonoscopia desde la perspectiva del paciente entre los distintos centros (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Colonoscopy , Patient Satisfaction , Patient Safety , Surveys and Questionnaires , Prospective Studies
6.
J Anal Psychol ; 69(1): 6-26, 2024 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38197543

ABSTRACT

The "health emergency" forced analysts to seek new ways of continuing with analysis. The article focuses, in particular, on the changes brought about in the setting by the presence of the sanitary mask, following a line that begins with the theme of the "mask" in the collective uses of human cultures, and develops through the Jungian concept of persona, as opposed to the "face" that may convey an authentic image of oneself. A clinical vignette illustrates the issues that the mask raises in the setting by obstructing the communication of emotions. When there is no transformative processing of concrete data, "unmasking" can also lead to an uncanny encounter and to moments of darkness and confusion in analysis, when the analyst experiences the kind of "unconscious identity" between therapist and patient that Jung defined as nigredo. The article is intended as a contribution to the analytic community's current reflections on the new and unforeseen challenges encountered in analysis at the time of the Coronavirus. It is possible to learn from these experiences with a view to integrating new elements and thus modify one's own internal setting, the compass with which each analyst orientates himself.


'L'urgence sanitaire' a forcé les analystes à rechercher de nouvelles manières de poursuivre le travail analytique. Cet article met l'accent en particulier sur les changements survenus dans le cadre du fait du port du masque sanitaire; l'article suit un fil conducteur qui commence avec le thème du 'masque' dans les usages collectifs des cultures humaines et se poursuit avec le concept Jungien de persona, en opposition avec le 'visage' qui peut communiquer une image authentique de soi. Une vignette clinique illustre les problèmes que le masque soulève dans la situation analytique en entravant la communication d'émotions. Quand il n'y a pas de processus de transformation des données concrètes, 'démasquer' peut également mener à une rencontre étrange et à des moments de ténèbres et de confusion dans l'analyse, quand l'analyste fait l'expérience du type 'd'identité inconsciente' entre le thérapeute et le patient que Jung a défini comme nigredo. Cet article a pour but de contribuer aux réflexions actuelles de la communauté analytique en ce qui concerne les défis nouveaux et inattendus rencontrés dans l'analyse dans la période du Coronavirus. Il est possible de tirer des leçons de ces expériences afin d'intégrer de nouveaux éléments et ainsi de modifier notre propre cadre interne, la boussole avec laquelle chaque analyste s'oriente.


La "emergencia sanitaria" obligó a los analistas a buscar nuevas formas de continuar con el análisis. El artículo se centra, en particular, en los cambios provocados en el encuadre analítico por la presencia de la mascarilla sanitaria. Presenta un desarrollo a partir del tema de la "máscara" en los usos colectivos de las culturas humanas, y continúa a través del concepto junguiano de persona, en contraposición al de "rostro", el cual puede transmitir una imagen auténtica de uno mismo. Una viñeta clínica ilustra los problemas que plantea la máscara en el entorno al obstruir la comunicación de las emociones. Cuando no hay un procesamiento transformador de los datos concretos, el "desenmascaramiento" también puede conducir a un encuentro misterioso y a momentos de oscuridad y confusión en el análisis, cuando el analista experimenta una forma de "identidad inconsciente" entre terapeuta y paciente que Jung definió como nigredo. El artículo pretende ser una contribución a las reflexiones actuales de la comunidad analítica sobre los nuevos e imprevistos desafíos encontrados en el análisis en la época del Coronavirus. Es posible aprender de estas experiencias con vistas a integrar nuevos elementos y así modificar la propia configuración interna, la brújula con la que cada analista se orienta.


Subject(s)
Coronavirus , Humans , Masks , Emotions , Communication
7.
Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 47(1): 1-13, 2024 Jan.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36841528

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The Colonoscopy Satisfaction and Safety Questionnaire based on Patient experience (CSSQP) was recently developed and validated within a Bowel Cancer Screening Program. We aimed to identify factor related to patient experience through the CSSQP, including all indications for colonoscopy. Indicators of satisfaction and perceived safety with colonoscopy were also assessed to compare the different centers. METHODS: Multicenter study in nine Spanish hospitals. Consecutive patients who had undergone a colonoscopy completed the CSSQP adding a novel item on bowel preparation. Factors related to patient experiences and data from non-respondents were analyzed. RESULTS: Of 2200 patients, 1753 filled out the questionnaire (response rate 79.7%, sample error 2%). Patients whose colonoscopy indication was a primary colorectal cancer screening (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.15-2.44, p=0.007) or due to a +FIT (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.18-2.53) reported higher satisfaction than patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. In addition, college-educated patients (OR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.25-3.56) were more likely to report better overall satisfaction than patients with lower education level. Significant differences were observed in the majority of the CSSQP items between centers. Safety incidents were reported by 35 (2%) patients, and 176 (10%) patients reported that they received insufficient information. CONCLUSION: The CSSQP identifies several significant factors on satisfaction and perceived safety in patients referred for colonoscopy for any reason. The CSSQP also allows comparison of patient-identified colonoscopy quality indicators between centers.


Subject(s)
Colorectal Neoplasms , Patient Satisfaction , Humans , Colonoscopy/adverse effects , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires , Patient Outcome Assessment
8.
Psicol. USP ; 35: e200115, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1538193

ABSTRACT

Este texto traz um relato de experiência advindo das atividades de uma orientadora social realizado no Serviço de Convivência e Fortalecimento de Vínculos (SCFV) de um Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (Cras) situado na Grande Florianópolis (SC). O serviço integrou 20 jovens com idade entre 12 e 18 anos no espaço de uma instituição de formação policial. Este trabalho analisará: (1) um acontecimento ocorrido na instituição policial; (2) quais foram os seus desdobramentos; e (3) como a orientadora social atuou na mediação do grupo. A análise da do relato de experiência e a mediação da orientadora social foram embasadas no conceito de acontecimento de Gilles Deleuze. No decorrer dos encontros, a instituição parceira do projeto adotou medidas disciplinares que desqualificavam a cultura proveniente dos cotidiano dos(as) jovens participantes, o que levou o grupo a constituir uma identidade coletiva a partir da resistência à violência simbólica. Assim, diante da situação-problema, tornou-se possível uma experiência de fortalecimentos de laços comunitários


This paper discusses a situation that occurred in a public youth service for young people living in vulnerable city areas. The service worked with 20 young people aged between 12 and 18 years and the meetings took place at a police training institution. Inspired by Gilles Deleuze's theory, this text analyzes 1) an event that occurred at the police institution, 2) their consequences and 3) how the professional responsible dealt with the event in a group context. At some point in the meetings, the police training institution adopted disciplinary measures that disqualified the participants' culture, leading the group to create a collective identity to resist symbolic violence. Thus, a community gathering experience emerged in the face of the conflicted situation


Le texte discute une situation survenue dans une fonction publique désignée pour accueillir des jeunes vivant dans des quartiers vulnérables. Le service comprenait 20 jeunes de 12 à 18 ans et les réunions se sont déroulées dans un établissement de formation policière. Inspirées par la théorie de Gilles Deleuze, ce texte analyse 1) un événement survenu dans l'institution policière, 2) qu'elles en ont été ses conséquences et 3) comment le professionnel responsable a agi pour faire face à l'événement dans un contexte de groupe. À un moment donné au cours des réunions, l'institution de formation a adopté des mesures disciplinaires qui disqualifiaient la culture des jeunes participants, ce qui a conduit le groupe à se forger une identité collective basée sur la résistance à la violence symbolique. Par conséquent, une expérience de rassemblement communautaire a émergé face à la situation conflictuelle


El texto se refiere a una situación ocurrida en un servicio público designado para trabajar con jóvenes que viven en zonas vulnerables de la ciudad. El servicio incluyó a 20 jóvenes de entre 12 y 18 años y las reuniones se ubicaron en una institución de capacitación policial. Este texto analiza 1) un suceso que ocurrió en la institución policial, 2) cuáles fueron sus consecuencias y 3) cómo actuó el profesional responsable del servicio para enfrentar el suceso en un contexto grupal. El análisis de esta situación y la referencia teórica que apoyó los actos profesionales se inspiraron en la teoría de Gilles Deleuze. En algún momento de los encuentros, la institución de capacitación policial adoptó medidas disciplinarias que descalificaron la cultura de los jóvenes participantes, lo que llevó al grupo a constituir una identidad colectiva basada en la resistencia contra la violencia simbólica. Por lo tanto, ante la situación conflictiva, fue posible una experiencia de reunión comunitaria


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Public Policy , Social Support , Child Welfare , Life Change Events
9.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1550961

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La Organización Panamericana de la Salud refiere que a nivel mundial pocos son los países que aplican el contacto piel con piel cuando lo realizan es por un tiempo inadecuado a pesar de los múltiples beneficios para la madre y el recién nacido. Objetivo: Describir la aplicación del contacto piel con piel desde la experiencia del equipo de salud en un centro materno infantil del sector público en Perú. Métodos: Investigación cualitativa con diseño descriptivo, de tipo estudio de caso, en una muestra no probabilística de 10 integrantes del equipo de salud, elegidos por conveniencia y determinado por saturación y redundancia. Los datos se recolectaron a través de la entrevista semiestructurada en línea. La información se procesó de manera manual, mediante el análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: Se obtuvieron tres categorías: a) aplicación del contacto piel con piel en la atención inmediata del recién nacido, b) estrategias implementadas para la aplicación del contacto piel con piel y c) barreras afrontadas por el equipo de salud para aplicar el contacto piel con piel. Conclusiones: Desde la experiencia del personal de salud, es posible aplicar el contacto pial a piel previa capacitación y sensibilización al equipo de salud, y acondicionamiento del ambiente, a fin de implementarlo como política del establecimiento de salud(AU)


Introduction: The Pan American Health Organization reports that few countries worldwide apply skin-to-skin contact and when they use it is during an inadequate amount of time despite the multiple benefits for the mother and the newborn. Objective: To describe the application of skin-to-skin contact from the experience of the health team in a public maternal and child center in Peru. Methods: A qualitative research with a descriptive design, case study, was carried out in a non-probabilistic sample of 10 members of the health team, chosen by convenience and determined by saturation and redundancy. Data were collected through semi-structured online interviews. The information was processed manually, through thematic content analysis. Results: Three categories were obtained: a) application of skin-to-skin contact in the immediate care of the newborn, b) strategies implemented for the application of skin-to-skin contact, and c) barriers faced by the health team to apply skin-to-skin contact. Conclusions: From the experience of health personnel, it is possible to apply skin-to-skin contact after training and sensitization to the health team and conditioning of the environment, in order to implement it as a policy of the health facility(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Skin , Infant, Newborn/growth & development , Life Change Events , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Qualitative Research , Family Relations , Maternal-Child Health Centers , Mothers/education
10.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 29(1): e2423133, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: biblio-1550224

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to assess the frequency with which orthodontic patients decided to shift to another type of orthodontic appliance, among conventional metal brackets, ceramic brackets, lingual brackets and clear aligner, based on their personal experiences of pain, ulcers, bad breath, hygiene issues and social difficulties. Material and Methods: This study comprises of patients seeking orthodontic treatment. The sample (n = 500; age group = 19-25 years) was divided equally into four groups based on the treatment modality: conventional metal brackets, ceramic brackets, lingual brackets and clear aligner. Patients rated the questionnaire using a visual analogue scale, to assess variables (such as pain, ulcer etc) that impact various treatment modalities. Subsequently, patients from all groups provided feedback regarding their treatment experiences, and expressed their preference for an alternative modality. Intergroup comparison among the four groups was done using one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's HSD post-hoc test (p ≤ 0.05). Results: Patients who received lingual brackets reported higher levels of pain and ulceration, as compared to those who received clear aligners. All four groups showed statistically significant differences for ulcers during treatment (p ≤ 0.05). Of the 125 patients who received conventional metal brackets, 28% expressed a preference for clear aligner therapy, while 20% preferred ceramic brackets. In the lingual group, 56% of 125 patients preferred clear aligner therapy, and 8% preferred ceramic brackets to complete their treatment. In the ceramic group, 83% did not want to switch, whereas 17% desired to switch to clear aligner, while in aligner group no patient desired to switch. Conclusions: A higher percentage of patients from lingual brackets group chose to shift to clear aligners, followed by conventional metal brackets group and by ceramic brackets group, in this descending order. The clear aligner group demonstrated fewer issues than the other treatment modalities.


RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a frequência com que pacientes ortodônticos decidiram mudar para outro tipo de aparelho ortodôntico, entre braquetes convencionais de metal, braquetes cerâmicos, braquetes linguais e alinhadores transparentes, com base em suas experiências pessoais de dor, aftas, mau hálito, problemas de higiene e dificuldades sociais. Material e Métodos: Esse estudo foi composto por pacientes que procuram tratamento ortodôntico. A amostra (n = 500; faixa etária = 19-25 anos) foi dividida igualmente em quatro grupos, com base na modalidade de tratamento: braquetes metálicos convencionais, braquetes cerâmicos, braquetes linguais e alinhadores transparentes. Os pacientes responderam a um questionário, usando uma escala visual analógica, para avaliar variáveis como dor e aftas, que impactam diferentes modalidades de tratamento. Posteriormente, os pacientes de todos os grupos forneceram feedback sobre suas experiências de tratamento e expressaram sua preferência por uma modalidade alternativa. A comparação intergrupos entre os quatro grupos foi feita usando análise de variância unidirecional com teste post-hoc HSD de Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). Resultados: Os pacientes que usaram braquetes linguais relataram níveis mais elevados de dor e aftas, em comparação com aqueles que usaram alinhadores transparentes. Todos os quatro grupos apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas para aftas durante o tratamento (p ≤ 0,05). Dos 125 pacientes que usaram braquetes metálicos convencionais, 28% expressaram preferência pelo tratamento com alinhadores transparentes, enquanto 20% preferiram braquetes cerâmicos. No grupo com braquetes linguais, 56% dos 125 pacientes preferiram o tratamento com alinhadores transparentes e 8% preferiram braquetes cerâmicos para completar o tratamento. No grupo com braquetes cerâmicos, 83% não queriam trocar de tratamento, enquanto 17% desejavam mudar para os alinhadores transparentes; enquanto no grupo de alinhadores nenhum paciente desejou mudar. Conclusões: Uma porcentagem maior de pacientes do grupo com braquetes linguais optou pela mudança para alinhadores transparentes, seguido pelo grupo com braquetes metálicos convencionais e pelo grupo com braquetes cerâmicos, em ordem decrescente. O grupo de alinhadores transparentes demonstrou menos problemas do que as outras modalidades de tratamento.

11.
Psicol. USP ; 352024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-1537759

ABSTRACT

Partindo de uma articulação entre a psicanálise e a fenomenologia de Merleau-Ponty, o objetivo deste artigo é traçar um caminho na psicanálise para uma noção de experiência. A experiência, seja pensada a partir de problemáticas levantadas pela psicanálise contemporânea, mais especificamente no que concerne aos estados limites, seja a partir da fenomenologia, não pertence a um sujeito, mas comporta uma abertura para o mundo. Com base em certas noções e interpretações de diferentes autores na psicanálise, buscam-se caminhos que permitam alcançar um deslocamento de uma posição idealista ou objetivista. Seguindo as indicações de Winnicott, três eixos são destacados como hipóteses centrais para definir a experiência: a corporeidade, o tempo e o sentido. Por fim, propõe-se um questionamento sobre a possibilidade de conceber a experiência como um conceito para a psicanálise contemporânea


By articulating psychoanalysis and Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology, this article traces a possible path towards a notion of experience. Experience, whether based on the problems raised by contemporary psychoanalysis (limit states) or on phenomenology, does not belong to a subject; rather, it includes an opening to the world. Based on certain notions and interpretations by different authors in psychoanalysis, we sought paths that allow a shift from an idealistic or objectivist position. Following Winnicott's propositions, we highlight three axes as central hypotheses to define experience: corporeality, time, and sense. Finally, we question whether experience can be conceived as a concept for contemporary psychoanalysis


En articulant la psychanalyse et la phénoménologie de Merleau-Ponty, cet article trace un chemin en psychanalyse vers une notion d'expérience. L'expérience, qu'elle soit fondée sur les problèmes soulevés par la psychanalyse contemporaine (états limites) ou sur la phénoménologie, n'appartient pas à un sujet, mais comporte une ouverture au monde. Basé sur certaines notions et interprétations de différents auteurs en psychanalyse, on cherche des voies permettant le passage d'une position idéaliste ou objectiviste. Suivant les propositions de Winnicott, trois axes sont mis en évidence comme hypothèses centrales pour définir l'expérience: la corporéité, le temps et le sens. Enfin, on discute de la possibilité de concevoir l'expérience comme un concept pour la psychanalyse contemporaine


Partiendo de una articulación entre el psicoanálisis y la fenomenología de Merleau-Ponty, el objetivo del artículo es trazar un posible camino en el psicoanálisis hacia una noción de experiencia. La experiencia, ya sea basada en los problemas planteados por el psicoanálisis contemporáneo, más específicamente con respecto a los estados límite, o basada en la fenomenología, no pertenece a un sujeto, sino que incluye una apertura al mundo. A partir de ciertas nociones e interpretaciones de diferentes autores en el psicoanálisis, buscamos formas que permitan lograr un cambio desde una posición idealista u objetivista. Siguiendo las indicaciones de Winnicott, se destacan tres ejes como hipótesis centrales para definir la experiencia: corporalidad, tiempo y sentido. Finalmente, se hace una pregunta sobre la posibilidad de concebir la experiencia como un concepto para el psicoanálisis contemporáneo


Subject(s)
Philosophy , Psychoanalysis
12.
Edumecentro ; 162024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1557713

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: la orientación educativa a las familias de niños con discapacidad físico-motora es esencial para su correcta rehabilitación e inserción en la sociedad. Objetivo: aplicar un sistema de acciones de orientación educativa a la familia de un niño con discapacidad físico-motora. Métodos: se realizó un estudio cualitativo de investigación acción práctica a la familia de un niño con diagnóstico de una parálisis cerebral percibida como una discapacidad físico-motora en el período julio 2021-diciembre 2022, perteneciente al área de salud del Policlínico Docente "Marta Abreu". Los métodos teóricos utilizados fueron: analítico-sintético; inductivo-deductivo y la modelación. Entre los métodos empíricos se aplicaron: la observación participante; entrevista en profundidad; análisis de documentos; diario del investigador y estudio de casos. Resultados: el diagnóstico realizado demostró la necesidad de la preparación de la familia de un niño con discapacidad fisico-motora para afrontar con calidad esta nueva etapa de sus vidas, por lo que se diseñó y aplicó un sistema de acciones el cual fue estructurado en tres subsistemas: primero, acciones para el manejo de las técnicas de aseo; segundo, para las técnicas de alimentación; y tercero, los cuidados posturales y las transferencias. Fue valorado por especialistas vinculados con esta temática, quienes lo consideraron muy pertinente y viable. Conclusiones: el sistema de acciones de orientación a las familias de niños con discapacidad fisico-motora resultó efectivo pues se evidenciaron cambios importantes en cuanto al manejo de este niño por la familia.


Background: educational guidance for families of children with physical-motor disabilities is essential for their correct rehabilitation and insertion into society. Objective: apply a system of educational guidance actions to the family of a child with physical-motor disability. Methods: a qualitative practical action research study was carried out on the family of a child with a diagnosis of cerebral palsy perceived as a physical-motor disability from July 2021 to December 2022, from "Marta Abreu" University Polyclinic health area theoretical methods used were: analytical-synthetic; inductive-deductive and modeling: empirical ones: participant observation; depth interview; document analysis; researcher diary and case study. Results: the diagnosis carried out demonstrated the need to prepare the family of the child with a physical-motor disability to face this new stage of their lives with quality, so a system of actions was designed and applied which was structured in three subsystems: first, actions to manage grooming techniques; second, for feeding techniques; and third, postural care and transfers. It was evaluated by specialists linked to this topic, who considered it very pertinent and viable. Conclusions: the system of guidance actions for the family of a child with a physical-motor disability was effective as important changes were evident in terms of the management of this child by the family.

13.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 34: e34014, 2024. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1558691

ABSTRACT

Resumo A Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira produziu grandes transformações no cuidado em saúde mental, porém ainda é um desafio tornar as experiências pessoais o eixo central dos tratamentos. O movimento do Recovery, em que a remissão dos sintomas é descentralizada e a ênfase recai na busca de vida gratificante na comunidade, pode trazer ensinamentos. A pesquisa descreveu a experiência de adoecimento e estratégias para "tocar a vida" de pessoas com esquizofrenia no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde, conhecendo o que fazem para se ajudar na lida diária com os problemas gerados pelo transtorno mental. O cenário é uma Unidade Básica de Saúde no centro do Rio de Janeiro e a pesquisa, de inspiração etnográfica, realizou entrevistas narrativas com quatro pessoas com esquizofrenia com autonomia e acompanhadas exclusivamente na APS e dois familiares. Resultados sugerem que religiosidade, trabalho e renda foram relevantes para a recuperação dos entrevistados e o olhar da família reforçou o estigma. A análise exigiu superação de olhar esquemático sobre reabilitação psicossocial e o conceito de Recovery. A importância deste estudo é trazer para o centro da análise caminhos construídos pelos próprios sujeitos para a tocar a vida, além de debater o conceito de Recovery no cenário da APS.


Abstract The Brazilian Psychiatric Reform produced major transformations in mental health care, but it is still a challenge for personal experiences to become the central axis of treatments. The Recovery movement, in which the remission of symptoms is decentralized, and the emphasis of care is on the search for a fulfilling life in the community, can bring lessons. This research describes the illness experience and strategies to go on with the life of people with schizophrenia finding what they do to help themselves in their daily struggle. The study setting is a Basic Health Unit in the center of Rio de Janeiro. The research, which has ethnographic inspiration, conducted narrative interviews with people diagnosed with schizophrenia who preserved autonomy, followed exclusively in Primary Care and their relatives. The results suggest that religiosity, work, and income were relevant to the recovery of the interviewees and that family care reinforced the stigma of the disease. The analysis required overcoming the schematic view of psychosocial rehabilitation and the Recovery concept. The relevance of this study is to place paths that subjects built themselves to go on with life in the center of the analysis and to debate the concept of Recovery in Primary Care. Resumo: A Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira produziu grandes transformações no cuidado em saúde mental, porém ainda é um desafio tornar as experiências pessoais o eixo central dos tratamentos. O movimento do Recovery, em que a remissão dos sintomas é descentralizada e a ênfase recai na busca de vida gratificante na comunidade, pode trazer ensinamentos. A pesquisa descreveu a experiência de adoecimento e estratégias para "tocar a vida" de pessoas com esquizofrenia no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde, conhecendo o que fazem para se ajudar na lida diária com os problemas gerados pelo transtorno mental. O cenário é uma Unidade Básica de Saúde no centro do Rio de Janeiro e a pesquisa, de inspiração etnográfica, realizou entrevistas narrativas com quatro pessoas com esquizofrenia com autonomia e acompanhadas exclusivamente na APS e dois familiares. Resultados sugerem que religiosidade, trabalho e renda foram relevantes para a recuperação dos entrevistados e o olhar da família reforçou o estigma. A análise exigiu superação de olhar esquemático sobre reabilitação psicossocial e o conceito de Recovery. A importância deste estudo é trazer para o centro da análise caminhos construídos pelos próprios sujeitos para a tocar a vida, além de debater o conceito de Recovery no cenário da APS.

14.
Rev. bras. educ. espec ; 30: e0136, 2024. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559412

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Este trabalho parte de uma aproximação entre estudos realizados no Brasil e em Portugal, cenários em que as lutas pelo reconhecimento das pessoas surdas como participantes de uma comunidade linguística minorizada vêm pautando as discussões em defesa de uma escola bilíngue. Olha-se para os dois contextos a partir do entendimento da escola como lugar do encontro com a diferença, dando atenção no que se aproximam e, também, nas suas singularidades, dadas suas condições históricas, políticas e sociais. Realizaram-se interlocuções entre os movimentos de resistência pela manutenção dos espaços "Escola" - Escolas de Surdos (Brasil) e Escolas de Referência para Educação Bilíngue de Alunos Surdos - EREBAS (Portugal) - como também aproximação aos discursos de estudantes surdos, com o objetivo de olhar as potencialidades desses espaços possibilitarem experiências de ser Escola. Os estudantes — sujeitos da experiência — perceberam que a identificação linguística proporcionada pela Escola de Surdos/ EREBAS está relacionada ao acesso ao conhecimento, que vem sendo negado — ou não garantido — nos espaços da "escola inclusiva". A defesa desses espaços precisa estar atrelada à busca de um lugar que dê significado às coisas do mundo, que abra o mundo e possibilite experiências que só acontecem nesses espaços de encontro com a diferença.


ABSTRACT: This work starts from an approximation between studies carried out in Brazil and Portugal, scenarios in which the fights for recognition of deaf people as participants of a minoritized linguistic community has been the topic of discussions defending a bilingual school. Both contexts are seen from the understanding of school as a place to meet with the difference, with an attentive look into what approximates them and also their singularities, given their historical, political, and social conditions. Interlocutions were held between resistance movements for the maintenance of "School" spaces - Schools for the Deaf (Brazil) and Reference Schools for Bilingual Education for Deaf Students - EREBAS (Portugal) -, as well as the approximation approaching the speeches of deaf students, with the aim of looking at the potentiality of these spaces to enable experiences of being a School. The students - subjects of experience - noticed that the linguistic identification offered by the School for the Deaf/EREBAS is related to access to knowledge, which has been denied - or not guaranteed - in the spaces of the "inclusive school". The defense of these spaces needs to be linked to the search for a place that gives meaning to the things in the world, that opens up the world and enables experiences that only happen in these spaces of encounter with difference.

15.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 29(3): e11782023, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534182

ABSTRACT

Resumo Trata-se de um estudo sobre a doença falciforme, enfermidade crônica que afeta muitas pessoas no Brasil. O objetivo foi compreender como as pessoas lidam com as adversidades oriundas do diagnóstico e a ruptura biográfica. A descrição das experiências e estratégias empregadas pelas pessoas compuseram um quadro que expressa os habitus dos entrevistados, construídos em relação dialética com a vulnerabilidade determinada pela doença. A abordagem foi qualitativa e empregou entrevistas focadas como propostas por Merton, a técnica bola de neve aplicada em grupos relacionados à doença falciforme em redes sociais. Sete participantes foram selecionados por serem informantes privilegiados, portadores da doença, maiores de 18 anos, moradores no Distrito Federal e usuários não exclusivos do Sistema Único de Saúde. O material das entrevistas foi categorizado a partir dos núcleos focais empregados. Os resultados apontaram as categorias: ruptura biográfica, experiência e estratégias de enfrentamento, atenção à saúde. Concluímos que é necessária uma sensibilização dos profissionais e da população sobre as dificuldades da condição de vida das pessoas com doença falciforme e a consolidação das políticas públicas e das redes de atendimento para acolher essa população.


Abstract This is a study on sickle cell disease, a chronic illness that affects many Brazilians, that aims to understand and analyze how people address the adversities arising from the diagnosis and the biographical rupture. The description of people's experiences and strategies conjures a picture that expresses the respondents' habitus, built in a dialectical relationship with the vulnerability determined by the disease. We adopted a qualitative approach and focused interviews as proposed by Merton, combined with the snowball technique, applied to groups related to sickle cell disease on social networks. Seven participants were selected because they were privileged informants with the disease, were over eighteen, lived in the Federal District, and were non-exclusive users of the Unified Health System. The interview material was categorized from the focal groups employed. The results indicated the following categories: biographical rupture, experience and coping strategies, and healthcare. It is necessary to sensitize professionals and the population about the challenging living conditions of people with sickle cell disease and the consolidation of public policies and care networks to accommodate this population.

16.
Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) ; 48(6): 448-453, 2024.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38160792

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is crucial in the treatment of bladder tumors and when incorrectly performed can cause staging mistakes. To avoid these errors, a second resection is recommended in selected cases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the surgeon's ability to predict histologically complete primary resection of newly diagnosed bladder tumors avoiding the need for a second TURBT. METHODS: This is a prospective, observational study involving 47 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed bladder tumors who had previously undergone primary TURBT, and met EAU criteria for second-look TURBT. Second-look TURBT specimens were analyzed for routine histological assessment and compared with the surgeon's impression of the tumor at initial resection. RESULTS: Of 91 patients submitted to primary TURBT, 47 met the criteria for second-look TURBT. Second-look specimens revealed residual disease in 20.9% of patients and 3 (6.4%) of patients showed upstaging disease. The sensitivity of a senior to detect disease on second-look TURBT in relation to muscle invasion was 75%, and the specificity was 85%. CONCLUSIONS: Second-look TURBT is crucial in the treatment of bladder cancer and cannot be replaced by a surgeon's opinion, so international recommendations should be followed. Supervision of less experienced surgeons is a cornerstone.


Subject(s)
Cystectomy , Second-Look Surgery , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Prospective Studies , Male , Female , Aged , Cystectomy/methods , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Clinical Competence , Urethra/surgery , Transurethral Resection of Bladder
17.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528260

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar el desarrollo del currículum en los últimos años y la didáctica que utilizan profesores de Educación Física en una región del centro sur de Chile. La metodología del estudio es de tipo cualitativa, a través de entrevistas a docentes con al menos cinco años de permanencia en el sistema educacional. Los resultados dan cuenta de que los profesores abordan el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje analizando el contexto en que están inmersos. Al momento de planificar sus clases se apoyan en las bases curriculares dispuestas por el Ministerio de Educación y las características de los estudiantes. Se concluye que, respecto a los desafíos actuales, buscan llevar a la práctica un modelo constructivista, procurando que el estudiante sea parte del proceso educativo, tomando en cuenta su integridad y bienestar. Asimismo, se espera que el currículum incorpore las problemáticas actuales que emergen en la sociedad.


The objective was to analyze the curriculum development and the didactics used by Physical Education teachers in recent years in a region of south-central Chile. The methodology of the study is qualitative, in which interviews were conducted with teachers with at least 5 years of permanence in the educational system. The results show that teachers approach the teaching-learning process by analyzing the context in which they are immersed. When planning their classes, they rely on the curricular bases established by the Ministry of Education and the characteristics of the students. Regarding current challenges, they seek to implement a constructivist model, making the student part of the educational process, taking into account their integrity and well-being. It is also hoped that the curriculum can incorporate the current problems emerging in society.


O objetivo foi analisar o desenvolvimento do currículo nos últimos anos e a didática utilizada pelos professores de Educação Física em uma região do centro-sul do Chile. A metodologia do estudo é qualitativa, em que foram realizadas entrevistas com professores com no mínimo 5 anos de permanência no sistema educacional. Os resultados mostram que os professores abordam o processo de ensino-aprendizagem analisando o contexto em que estão inseridos. Ao planejar suas aulas, eles se baseiam nas bases curriculares estabelecidas pelo Ministério da Educação e nas características dos alunos. Conclui-se que, face aos desafios atuais, procuram implementar um modelo construtivista, tornando o aluno parte do processo educativo, tendo em conta a sua integridade e bem-estar. Da mesma forma, espera-se que o currículo incorpore os problemas atuais que surgem na sociedade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Physical Education and Training , Curriculum/trends , Faculty , Chile , Interviews as Topic , Qualitative Research
18.
Entramado ; 19(2)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1534443

ABSTRACT

En la modernidad, la reflexión moral ha estado influida por orientaciones fundamentadas en la razón y en el sentimiento. Dos ejemplares de estas orientaciones son la Ilustración y el Romanticismo, respectivamente. El desarrollo de estos movimientos culturales e intelectuales está asociado a las demandas por los derechos políticos y sociales, junto a la insistencia en la importancia de la solidaridad y la hermandad en el desarrollo de las comunidades. Este artículo de reflexión presenta una perspectiva interpretativa del concepto de religión de Max Scheler La reflexión está enfocada en las raíces románticas de la propuesta Scheleriana, derivadas de la discusión moderna entre el Racionalismo y el Romanticismo. Adicionalmente, se presenta el contexto político y social al que responde la conceptualización de Scheler: Como resultado de esta reflexión, se concluye que el concepto de religión de Scheler reivindica la importancia de los valores y el compromiso moral frente a las crisis políticas que sufrió Europa a inicios del siglo XX.


In modernity moral reflection has been influenced by orientations grounded in reason and in feeling. Two exemplars of these orientations are the Enlightenment and Romanticism, respectively The development of these cultural and intellectual movements is associated with demands for social and political rights, together with the insistence in the importance of solidarity and brotherhood in the development of communities. This reflection paper presents an interpretative perspective of Max Scheler's concept of religion. The reflection is focused on the romantic roots of the Schelerian proposal, derived from the modern discussion between Rationalism and Romanticism. Additionally the political and social context to which Scheler's conceptualization responds is presented. As a result of this reflection, it is concluded that Scheler's concept of religion claims the importance of values and moral commitment against Europe's political crises at the beginning of the 20th century.


Na modernidade, a reflexão moral foi influenciada por orientações baseadas na razão e no sentimento. Dois exemplos dessas orientações são o Iluminismo e o Romantismo, respectivamente. O desenvolvimento desses movimentos culturais e intelectuais está associado a demandas por direitos políticos e sociais, juntamente com a insistência na importância da solidariedade e da fraternidade no desenvolvimento das comunidades. Este artigo de reflexão apresenta uma perspectiva interpretativa sobre o conceito de religião de Max Scheler O foco da reflexão são as raízes românticas da abordagem scheleriana, derivadas da discussão moderna entre racionalismo e romantismo. Além disso, é apresentado o contexto político e social ao qual a conceitualização de Scheler responde. Como resultado dessa reflexão, conclui-se que o conceito de religião de Scheler reivindica a importância dos valores e do compromisso moral diante das crises políticas sofridas pela Europa no início do século XX.

19.
Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiquiatr ; 43(144): 109-133, julio-diciembre 2023.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-229010

ABSTRACT

La forma de construir la experiencia psiquiátrica y determinarla se ha llevado a cabo a partir de posiciones naturalistas y psicologistas que siguen siendo las dominantes después de casi doscientos años. Sin embargo, el hecho de asimilar el conocimiento psiquiátrico a una mera ciencia empírico-analítica no ha deparado más que inestabilidad, algo que queda a la vista de forma contundente a lo largo de la historia y de la insuficiencia discriminante de la clínica actual. Se requiere considerar las implicaciones filosóficas que supone el abordaje de ese campo empírico abierto donde la subjetividad no puede ser segregada y se articula sobre una ontología pluralista y discontinua. Se postula que solo la psicopatología, en su ejercicio como procedimiento a la vez lógico e intelectivo, permi-te relacionar los distintos planos de realidad en que se desenvuelve y tratar de cerrar su campo para dotar a la psiquiatría de la necesaria estabilidad requerida de cara a su praxis clínica. (AU)


The way of constructing psychiatric experience and determining it has been carried out on the basis of naturalistic and psychologistic positions, which are still the do-minant ones after almost two hundred years. However, the fact of assimilating psychiatric knowledge to a mere empirical-analytical science has brought nothing but instability, so-mething that is forcefully evident throughout history and the discriminating insufficiency of the current clinical practice. It is necessary to consider the philosophical implications of approaching this open empirical field where subjectivity cannot be segregated and is articulated on a pluralistic and discontinuous ontology. It is postulated that only psycho-pathology, in its exercise as a procedure both logical and intellectual, allows to relate the different planes of reality in which it develops and to try to close its field in order to provide psychiatry with the necessary stability required for its clinical praxis. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychiatry , Psychopathology , Mental Health , Neurosciences
20.
RECIIS (Online) ; 17(4): 850-866, out.-dez. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS, Coleciona SUS | ID: biblio-1531979

ABSTRACT

Low user engagement in m-Health applications has been driving the use of retention techniques that aim to ensure a satisfactory long-term user experience. The aim was to understand the experience of hypertensive patients interacting with a mobile health application for 12 months. A qualitative/exploratory study was conducted after 12 months, with the same experimental group of participants as the non-randomized con-trolled clinical trial conducted in 2019. The mean age of the 16 participants was 57 years (SD=8), of which11 were female. All had low socioeconomic and educational levels. Content analysis showed no engagement with the m-health app over time. The main factors contributing to the lack of engagement were; inability of the user to use the app, lack of support and technical problems. When designing m-Health interventions, it is important to understand users' behavioral characteristics, motivations for treatment, level of involve-ment in health care, and ability to use technology


O baixo envolvimento dos usuários em aplicativos m-Health vem impulsionando o uso de técnicas de retenção que visam garantir uma experiência do usuário (UX) satisfatória a longo prazo. Objetivou-se compreender a experiência de pacientes hipertensos interagindo com um aplicativo de saúde móvel (m-Health) durante 12 meses. Realizou-se estudo qualitativo/exploratório após 12 meses, com o mesmo grupo experimental de participantes do ensaio-clínico controlado e não-randomizado realizado em 2019. A idade média dos 16 participantes foi de 57 anos (DP=8); 11 eram do sexo feminino, com baixos níveis socioeconômicos e educacionais. A análise de conteúdo não mostrou nenhum envolvimento ao longo do tempo usando o aplicativo m-Health. Os principais fatores que contribuíram para a falta de envolvimento foram: incapacidade do usuário de usar o aplicativo, falta de suporte e problemas técnicos. Ao propor intervenções que utilizem m-Health, é essencial conhecer características comportamentais dos usuários, motivações para o tratamento, nível de envolvimento nos cuidados com a saúde e sua capacidade de usar tecnologias


La baja participación de los usuarios en las aplicaciones de m-Health ha impulsado el uso de técnicas de retención que tienen como objetivo garantizar una experiencia de usuario satisfactoria a largo plazo. Se pretendió comprender la experiencia de pacientes hipertensos interactuando con una aplicación de salud móvil durante 12 meses. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo/exploratorio después de 12 meses, utilizando los participantes del ensayo clínico controlado no aleatorizado que se llevó a cabo en 2019. La edad media de los 16 participantes fue 57 años (SD=8); 11 mujeres, con niveles socioeconómicos y educativos bajos. El análisis de contenido no mostró compromiso a lo largo del tiempo utilizando la aplicación m-Health. Los principales factores contribuyentes fueron: incapacidad del usuario para utilizar la aplicación, falta de apoyo y problemas técnicos. Cuando se proponen intervenciones con m-Health, es esencial conocer las características de comportamiento de los usuarios, sus motivaciones para el tratamiento, nivel de implicación en el cuidado de la salud y capacidad para utilizar tecnologías


Subject(s)
Humans , Telemedicine , Mobile Applications , Health Services Accessibility , Patients , Diversity, Equity, Inclusion , Hypertension
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