ABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Embryonic Structures/cytology , Research/legislation & jurisprudence , Ethics, Medical , Legislation, Medical , Stem Cells/transplantationABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Regeneration , Embryonic Structures/cytology , Stem Cells/transplantationABSTRACT
El establecimiento de cultivos celulares humanos en el laboratorio es una esperanza para la Medicina regenerativa del futuro, de ahí la importancia de la investigación con células troncales embrionarias (células ES) y adultas (células AS) cuya eficacia clínica y valoración ética son diferentes. En un ámbito de diálogo y deliberación, la Bioética trata de hacer juicios de valor sobre los hechos biológicos y biomédicos. Para tratar los aspectos científicos y éticos de la utilización de las células troncales, la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia, organizó una sesión científica en la que se planteó si existen paradigmas plurales en relación con la visión ontológica y ética del embrión humano (Dr. Carlos Alonso Bedate), la racionalidad terapéutica en la Medicina regenerativa con células troncales embrionarias y adultas (Dra. Natalia López Moratalla) y los mitos y realidades de su aplicación terapéutica (Dr. Pedro Cuevas Sánchez) (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Regeneration , Bioethics , Cell Transplantation , Stem Cells/transplantationABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Stem Cells/transplantation , Cell Transplantation/methods , Embryonic Structures/cytology , RegenerationABSTRACT
En este trabajo, el autor analiza la nueva ley alemana sobre células madre, aprobada por el parlamento alemán el 10 de Mayo de 2002. En esta ley se prohíbe con carácter general la investigación con células madre de origen embrionario, aunque se permite bajo una serie de requisitos muy estrictos. También se analizan temas como el conflicto que surge a raíz de una muy estricta protección del embrión, como ocurre en esta ley, y el derecho constitucional a la investigación científica. También se hace una referencia a los problemas derivados de la falta de claridad de determinados artículos (AU)
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Subject(s)
Humans , Embryonic Structures/cytology , Legislation, Medical , Stem Cells/transplantation , GermanyABSTRACT
Un control riguroso de la glucemia, principalmente en los pacientes con diabetes tipo 1, requeriría la regeneración funcional del páncreas dañado. Los estudios clínicos recientes sobre implante de islotes pancreáticos procedentes de donantes en pacientes diabéticos han alimentado las expectativas de un tratamiento generalizado basado en esta metodología; no obstante, existe una gran desproporción entre los posibles donantes y el número de pacientes con diabetes que podrían recibir este tratamiento. Esta falta de órganos y tejidos que podría permitir una terapia celular, no sólo para la diabetes sino para otras enfermedades que requieren igualmente un recambio celular, ha relanzado recientemente la investigación sobre las posibilidades terapéuticas de las denominadas células madre pluripotenciales. La presente revisión incluye algunos resultados previos de nuestro laboratorio sobre la obtención de células productoras de insulina a partir de células madre embrionarias de ratón y su utilización en ratones diabéticos (AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy , Islets of Langerhans Transplantation , Disease Models, Animal , Stem Cells/transplantationABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Ethics , Ethics, Medical , Technology Transfer , Biomedical Technology/instrumentation , Biomedical Technology/methods , Conflict of Interest/legislation & jurisprudence , Stem Cells/transplantation , Clinical Trials as Topic/methods , Bioethics , Paclitaxel/administration & dosage , Paclitaxel/therapeutic use , Biotechnology/methods , Informed Consent/legislation & jurisprudence , Cost-Benefit Analysis/legislation & jurisprudenceABSTRACT
La leucemia de células plasmáticas (LCP) es una patología infrecuente con pobres resultados, asociados a resistencia al tratamiento y a una supervivencia corta. No está bien definido el tipo óptimo de tratamiento. Presentamos un nuevo caso de LCP con factores de muy mal pronóstico y una buena respuesta a la quimioterapia. Este hecho es poco frecuente y hay pocos casos en la literatura (AU)
Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Plasma Cells/pathology , Leukemia, Plasma Cell/diagnosis , Transplantation, Autologous , Stem Cells/transplantation , Prognosis , Drug Therapy, CombinationABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Lichenoid Eruptions/etiology , Nail Diseases/etiology , Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Stem Cells/transplantation , Graft vs Host Disease/complications , Lichenoid Eruptions/drug therapy , Nail Diseases/drug therapy , Mouth Diseases/etiology , Mouth Diseases/drug therapy , Graft vs Host Disease/drug therapyABSTRACT
Within the complex cellular arrangement found in the bone marrow stroma there exists a subset of nonhematopoietic cells referred to as mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPC). These cells can be expanded ex vivo and induced, either in vitro or in vivo, to terminally differentiate into at least seven types of cells: osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes, tenocytes, myotubes, astrocytes and hematopoietic-supporting stroma. This broad multipotentiality, the feasibility to obtain MPC from bone marrow, cord and peripheral blood and their transplantability support the impact that the use of MPC will have in clinical settings. However, a number of fundamental questions about the cellular and molecular biology of MPC still need to be resolved before these cells can be used for safe and effective cell and gene therapies intended to replace, repair or enhance the physiological function of the mesenchymal and/or hematopoietic systems
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Bone Marrow Cells/cytology , Cell Transplantation/methods , Mesoderm/cytology , Stem Cells/cytology , Cell Transplantation/trends , Stem Cells/physiology , Stem Cells/transplantationABSTRACT
Recently, thanks to the rapid progress of new technologies in cell modulation, extracellular matrix fabrication and synthetic polymers mimicking bodily structures, the self-regeneration of bodily defects by host tissue has been considered by many researchers. The conventional science of art in biomaterials has been concerned with restoring damaged tissue using non-biological materials such as metals, ceramics and synthetic polymers. To overcome the limitations of using such non-viable materials, several attempts to construct artificial organs mimicking natural tissue by combining modulated cells with extracellular matrix-hybridized synthetic polymers have produced many worthy results with biologically functioning artificial tissues. The process involved in manufacturing biomaterials mimicking living tissue is generally called tissue engineering. However recently, the extension of knowledge about cell biology and embryology has naturally moved the focus from tissue restoration to tissue regeneration. Especially, embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells are attractive resources due to their potential for the differentiation of various tissue cells in response to signal transduction mediated by cytokines. Although no one knows yet what is the exact factor responsible for a stem cell's ability to differentiate between specific cells to generate specific tissue, what has been agreed is that delivering stem cells into the body provides a strong potential for the regeneration of tissue. In this review, the historical issues and future possibilities involved in medical tissue restoration and tissue regeneration are discussed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use , Cell Transplantation/methods , Extracellular Matrix/physiology , Growth Substances/therapeutic use , Growth Substances/administration & dosage , Polymers/therapeutic use , Regeneration , Stem Cells/transplantationABSTRACT
We have tracked the response of host and transplanted neural progenitors or stem cells to hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury, and explored the therapeutic potential of neural stem cells (NSCs) injected into mice brains subjected to focal HI injury. Such cells may integrace appropriately into the degenerating central nervous system (CNS), and showed robust engraftment and foreign gene expression within the region of HI inury. They appeared to have migrated preferentially to the site of ischemia, experienced limited proliferation, and differentiated into neural cells lost to injury, trying to repopulate the damaged brain area. The transplantation of exogenous NSCs may, in fact, augment a natural self-repair process in which the damaged CNS "attempts" to mobilize its own pool of stem cells. Providing additional NSCs and trophic factors may optimize this response. Therefore, NSCs may provide a novel approach to reconstituting brains damaged by HI brain injury. Preliminary data in animal models of stroke lends support to these hypotheses.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Brain/pathology , Brain Diseases/therapy , Brain Diseases/pathology , Brain Ischemia/therapy , Brain Ischemia/pathology , Genetic Therapy , Nerve Tissue/cytology , Stem Cells/transplantation , Cell- and Tissue-Based TherapyABSTRACT
Os autores apresentam uma proposta de protocolo para coleta de células progenitoras periféricas destinadas aos transplantes autólogos e alogênicos de Medula Ossea obtidas por método de hemaféreses e utilizados no Hospital das Clínicas e Hemocentro da Unicamp. Este documento visa uniformizar e informar os valores, doses e volumes necessários para a elaboraçäo de um concentrado de células progenitoras periféricas que permitam enxertamento eficaz, seguro e duradouro, bem como as definiçöes dos controles e parâmetros necessários. Säo apresentados os critérios de inclusäo, tanto para doadores normais alogênicos como para pacientes que faräo doaçäo para o transplante autólogo; os cuidados necessários para garantir a segurança dos procedimentos, bem como as condutas nas reaçöes. Säo apresentadas as rotinas técnicas utilizadas nos equipamentos disponíveis em nossa instituiçäo.
Subject(s)
Humans , Stem Cells/transplantation , Homeopathic Therapeutic Approaches , Bone Marrow Transplantation/methodsABSTRACT
Resumo: Este é um estudo randomizado, desenvolvido com base alogênica de medula óssea (MO) e aqueles de células progenitoras periféricas (CPP), os quais säo utilizados no tratamento de doenças hematológicas malignas. Para tal, deu-se ênfase à pega, à doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro (DECH) aguda e crônica, bem como às sobrevidas dos pacientes. De 02/1995 até 10/1997, 40 pacientes receberam um transplante HLA adêntico, originado da MO (grupo A) ou CPP (grupo B). O total de pacientes avaliáveis no final do estudo foi de 19 (gurpo A) e 18 (grupo B), respectivamente. A mediana de idade foi de 35 anos (17-56) no grupo A e 29,5 (9-51) no grupo B (P=0,17). O regime de condicionamento utilizado foi Bu (16)/Cy(120) em 16 pacientes no grupo A e 17 no grupo B; Bu(16)/Cy(120)/VP-16(40) em 3 pacientes no grupo A e Cy (120)/irradiaçäo corporal total (ICT)(13,2Gy) em 1 paciente no grupo B. A profilaxia da DECH utilizada foi ciclosporina (CSP)/Metotrexato em 16 pacientes no grupo A e em pacientes no grupo B; e 3 pacientes receberam CSP/prednisona no grupo A, As CPP foram mobilizadas com G-CSF, 10ug/kg/dia, durante 5 dias e colhidas no quinto dia, em uma única sessäo de aférese, na maioria dos pacientes. O conteúdo mediano de células CD34+x10.6/kg/receptor foi de 5,26(1,19-15,55) no grupo A e 4,71(1,26-71,61) no grupo (P=0,40). A mediana de dias para se atingir o número absoluto de neutrófilos (NAN)>0,5 x 10/foi de 18(13-30) no grupo A e 16(11-25)no grupo B(P=0,15).