Morin improves learning and memory in healthy adult mice.

BACKGROUND: Morin is a flavonoid found in many edible fruits. The hippocampus and entorhinal cortex play crucial roles in memory formation and consolidation. This study aimed to characterize the effect of morin on recognition and space memory in healthy C57BL/6 adult mice and explore the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS: Morin was administered i.p. at 1, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg/24 h for 10 days. The Morris water maze (MWM), novel object recognition, novel context recognition, and tasks were conducted 1 day after the last administration. The mice's brains underwent histological characterization, and their protein expression was examined using immunohistochemistry and Western blot techniques. RESULTS: In the MWM and novel object recognition tests, mice treated with 1 mg/kg of morin exhibited a significant recognition index increase compared to the control group. Besides, they demonstrated faster memory acquisition during MWM training. Additionally, the expression of pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), BDNF, and postsynaptic density protein 95 proteins in the hippocampus of treated mice showed a significant increase. In the entorhinal cortex, only the pro-BDNF increased. Morin-treated mice exhibited a significant increase in the hippocampus's number and length of dendrites. CONCLUSION: This study shows that morin improves recognition memory and spatial memory in healthy adult mice.

Stale bread waste recycling as ingredient for fresh oven-baked white bread: effects on dough viscoelasticity, bread molecular organization, texture, and starch digestibility.

BACKGROUND: Wasted food produced for human consumption is estimated at 33% globally, and bread is the food product with the highest percentage. There is an ongoing drive to reincorporate food waste still useful and safe into the production chain of food for human consumption. This work aims to contribute to the study of the feasibility of recycling stale bread waste flour (BWF) into fresh oven-baked white bread, by replacing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 g/100 g of the wheat flour with BWF. RESULTS: Storage and loss moduli increased as the BWF content increased. The baked loaf exhibited decreased lightness and yellowness but increased redness. Increasing BWF contents produced decreased loaf volume and hardness but increased moisture content. Fourier-transform infrared analysis showed that the BWF addition induced important changes in the water, protein, and starch molecular organization. Therefore, starch digestibility showed reductions in both rapidly and slowly digestible starch fractions. Principal component analysis revealed that replacements of up 20 g/100 g can produce white bread with textural, colour, and starch digestibility characteristics like that of the control bread. CONCLUSION: The fresh oven-baked white bread variation produced by replacing 20 g/100 g of the wheat flour with BWF exhibited comparable colour, volume, texture, and starch digestibility features as a control bread did made with 0 g/100 BWF. Higher replacement percentages of wheat flour by stale BWF produced unsuitable drawbacks in the white bread characteristics, but those might be deemed as convenient in other types of bakery products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure at discharge as precipitating factors in immediate adverse events in patients treated for decompensated heart failure.

To investigate the relationship of ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure (AP) at patient discharge after an episode of acute heart failure (AHF) with very early post-discharge adverse outcomes. We analyzed 14,656 patients discharged after an AHF episode from 26 hospitals in 16 Spanish cities. The primary outcome was the 7-day post-discharge combined adverse event (emergency department -ED- revisit or hospitalization due to AHF, or all-cause death), and secondary outcomes were these three adverse events considered individually. Associations (adjusted for patient and demographic conditions, and length of stay -LOS- during the AHF index episode) of temperature and AP with the primary and secondary outcomes were investigated. We used restricted cubic splines to model the continuous non-linear association of temperature and AP with each endpoint. Some sensitivity analyses were performed. Patients were discharged after a median LOS of 5 days (IQR = 1-10). The highest temperature at discharge ranged from - 2 to 41.6 °C, and AP was from 892 to 1037 hPa. The 7-day post-discharge combined event occurred in 1242 patients (8.4%), with percentages of 7-day ED-revisit, hospitalization and death of 7.8%, 5.1% and 0.9%, respectively. We found no association between the maximal temperature and AP on the day of discharge and the primary or secondary outcomes. Similarly, there were no significant associations when the analyses were restricted to hospitalized patients (median LOS = 7 days, IQR = 4-11) during the index event, or when lag-1, lag-2 or the mean of the 3 post-discharge days (instead of point estimation) of ambient temperature and AP were considered. Temperature and AP on the day of patient discharge are not independently associated with the risk of very early adverse events during the vulnerable post-discharge period in patients discharged after an AHF episode.

Effects of leavening agent and time on bread texture and in vitro starch digestibility.

Wheat dough added with baking dried yeast (BDY, 5 g) or baking powder (BP, 5 g) was leavened for 0, 2, 4 and 6 h for producing white bread (BBDY or BBD, respectively). The specific volume of BBDY was higher than for BBP. FTIR analysis revealed that BBP reduced the short-range crystallinity of starch granules, an effect magnified by the leavening time. Hardness and cohesiveness were higher for BBDY than for BBP which had a fragile crust structure. Readily digestible starch content of BBDY decreased (16.1-10.8%), while that of BBD increased at (17.1-31.5%) with leavening time. The opposite trend was found for resistant starch which increased from 71.2 to 79.1% for BBDY, and decreased from 69.3 to 40.2% for BBD. The hydrolysis rate constant for bread made with BP (~ 4 min-1) was about twofold faster than for BBDY. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-021-05206-1.

Parental obesity and the transition from teenagers of normal-weight to young adults with obesity in Mexico.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate to what extent the parental tran-sition to obesity affects the likelihood that normal-weight teenagers also transition to obesity. We depart from the hypothesis that the transition to obesity specifically among parents is the main factor affecting the development of obesity during adolescence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using two rounds of the longitudinal Mexican Family Life Survey (MxFLS) and logistic regressions, we investigated how family weight-related characteristics affected the likelihood of teenagers 13 to 18 years of age in 2002 of becoming affected by obesity after seven to ten years. RESULTS: The results confirm that if any of the parents were affected by obesity during the teenage period, the adolescent is more likely to become affected by obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Results confirm that, different from childhood obesity, the transition of parents to obesity during the adolescence of teenagers is the most important family factor affecting such transition.

Parental obesity and the transition from teenagers of normal-weight to young adults with obesity in Mexico / Obesidad del padre y la madre y la transición de adolescentes de peso/talla normal hacia la obesidad en México

Abstract: Objective: To estimate to what extent the parental transition to obesity affects the likelihood that normal-weight teenagers also transition to obesity. We depart from the hypothesis that the transition to obesity specifically among parents is the main factor affecting the development of obesity during adolescence. Materials and methods: Using two rounds of the longitudinal Mexican Family Life Survey (MxFLS) and logistic regressions, we investigated how family weight-related characteristics affected the likelihood of teenagers 13 to 18 years of age in 2002 of becoming affected by obesity after seven to ten years. Results: The results confirm that if any of the parents were affected by obesity during the teenage period, the adolescent is more likely to become affected by obesity. Conclusions: Results confirm that, different from childhood obesity, the transition of parents to obesity during the adolescence of teenagers is the most important family factor affecting such transition.

Resumen: Objetivo: Calcular en qué medida la transición hacia la obesidad, específicamente del padre o la madre, tiene un impacto en el desarrollo de obesidad entre adolescentes. Material y métodos: Se utilizaron dos rondas de la Encuesta Nacional sobre Niveles de Vida de los Hogares (ENNViH) y regresiones logísticas para investigar cómo las características de peso/talla de los miembros del hogar afectan las probabilidades de que adolescentes desarrollen obesidad. Resultados: Cuando alguno de los padres desarrolla obesidad, el o la adolescente tiene más probabilidades de hacer una transición hacia la obesidad, en comparación con los casos en los que los padres mantienen un peso/talla normales. Conclusión: Se confirma que la transición de los padres durante la adolescencia es el principal factor que tiene un impacto en el desarrollo de obesidad entre adolescentes.

Family Factors Affecting the Transition of Children from Normal Weight to Obesity in Mexico.

Background: This study is a longitudinal analysis of how the transition of a mother, father, or any other family member to obesity affects the likelihood of children 5-12 years of age becoming adolescents with overweight or obesity during the 7-10-year period between 2002 and the period from 2009 to 2012 in Mexico. Methods: The study used two rounds of the Mexican Family Life Survey, a multipurpose random national survey that collected information on 8441 households, including 38,233 individuals in 2002 and successfully followed up with 3202 children until the period from 2009 to 2012. We used logistic regressions to calculate how family characteristics related to the evolution of body mass indexes among children, controlling for individual, family weight-related characteristics, and the socioeconomic level of the family. Results: The transition of any family member toward obesity is more relevant in determining the transition to obesity among normal-weight children than socioeconomic level of the family and individual characteristics, such as sex, schooling, and occupation. Conclusions: The transition of any family member toward obesity is associated with the transition to obesity among normal-weight children. A family-based approach to obesity prevention has yet to be incorporated into national policies.

Hiperémesis cannabinoide durante la gestación: a propósito de un caso / Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome during pregnancy: A case report

No disponible

Discovery of a transcriptomic core of genes shared in 8 primary retinoblastoma with a novel detection score analysis.

PURPOSE: Expression microarrays are powerful technology that allows large-scale analysis of RNA profiles in a tissue; these platforms include underexploited detection scores outputs. We developed an algorithm using the detection score, to generate a detection profile of shared elements in retinoblastoma as well as to determine its transcriptomic size and structure. METHODS: We analyzed eight briefly cultured primary retinoblastomas with the Human transcriptome array 2.0 (HTA2.0). Transcripts and genes detection scores were determined using the Detection Above Background algorithm (DABG). We used unsupervised and supervised computational tools to analyze detected and undetected elements; WebGestalt was used to explore functions encoded by genes in relevant clusters and performed experimental validation. RESULTS: We found a core cluster with 7,513 genes detected and shared by all samples, 4,321 genes in a cluster that was commonly absent, and 7,681 genes variably detected across the samples accounting for tumor heterogeneity. Relevant pathways identified in the core cluster relate to cell cycle, RNA transport, and DNA replication. We performed a kinome analysis of the core cluster and found 4 potential therapeutic kinase targets. Through analysis of the variably detected genes, we discovered 123 differentially expressed transcripts between bilateral and unilateral cases. CONCLUSIONS: This novel analytical approach allowed determining the retinoblastoma transcriptomic size, a shared active transcriptomic core among the samples, potential therapeutic target kinases shared by all samples, transcripts related to inter tumor heterogeneity, and to determine transcriptomic profiles without the need of control tissues. This approach is useful to analyze other cancer or tissue types.

Recommendations for the care of patients with diabetes mellitus with risk factors or established cardiovascular disease and SARS-CoV-2mellitus con factores de riesgo o enfermedad cardiovascular establecida y SARS-CoV-2.

A review is carried out to examine the risk of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus in the context of general morbidity and mortality and related to infection by SARS-CoV-2. Likewise, the general recommendations for food and the prevention of comorbidities that most these patients suffer most frequently are also studied. Finally, a review of the pharmacological recommendations on both oral and parenteral treatment in the outpatient, in hospitalization and in critical states infected with SARS-CoV-2 is made.

Se realiza una revisión sobre el riesgo de los pacientes que padecen diabetes mellitus en el contexto de morbimortalidad general y relacionada a infección por el coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2). Así mismo se repasan las recomendaciones generales, de alimentación y de la prevención de las comorbilidades que más frecuentemente padecen dichos enfermos. Finalmente se hace una revisión de las recomendaciones farmacológicas sobre el tratamiento tanto oral como parenteral en el paciente ambulatorio, en la hospitalización y en estados críticos infectados por el SARS-CoV-2.

Liderazgo transformacional en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud / Transformational leadership in students of health sciences

Introducción: El estudio del liderazgo ha desarrollado teorías que, en su mayoría, coinciden con que es una competencia profesional a través de la cual resulta factible orientar e impulsar a los equipos y/o seguidores hacia una meta, mediante relaciones motivadoras y llenas de energía. La influencia del líder infunde un sentido a esta misión, al catalizar el potencial de los seguidores y desencadenar procesos automotivacionales en el colectivo. Objetivo: Identificar los estilos de liderazgo a través de la autopercepción evaluada en estudiantes universitarios de ciencias de la salud. Métodos: Se aplicó el Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire a 109 alumnos. Se identificó el estilo de liderazgo predominante, según la teoría de Bass y Avolio: liderazgo transformacional, transaccional y pasivo-evasivo, mediante un análisis de regresión múltiple y mediacional. Resultados: En los estudiantes de medicina se alcanzó un coeficiente beta de 0,50 con una R2 de 63 por ciento entre el liderazgo transformacional y las variables de resultado. El liderazgo transformacional tuvo un efecto directo mayor sobre el esfuerzo extra (coeficiente = 0,85). En el género femenino el efecto directo hacia las variables de resultado fue más alto que en el masculino. Conclusiones: El estudio permitió probar la herramienta Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire para evaluar perfiles de liderazgo en estudiantes de pregrado y conocer sus características predominantes(AU)

Introduction: Research about leadership has developed theories that, for the most part, coincide with the fact that it is a professional competence through which it is feasible to guide and drive teams and/or followers towards a goal, through motivating and energetic relationships. The leader influence guarantees a meaning to this mission, catalyzing the potential of the followers and triggering self-motivational processes in the collective. Objective: To identify leadership styles through self-perception evaluated in university students of health sciences. Methods: The "Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire" was applied to 109 students. The predominant leadership style was identified, according to the theory of Bass and Avolio (transformational, transactional, and passive-evasive leadership), using a multiple and mediational regression analysis. Results: In medical students, a beta coefficient of 0.50 was reached with R2 of 63 percent between transformational leadership and the outcome variables. Transformational leadership had a greater direct effect on extra effort (coefficient=0.85). In the female gender, the direct effect towards the outcome variables was higher than in the male gender. Conclusions: The study allowed to try the tool "Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire" for evaluating leadership profiles in undergraduate students and to know their predominant characteristics(AU)

Circulating miRNome detection analysis reveals 537 miRNAS in plasma, 625 in extracellular vesicles and a discriminant plasma signature of 19 miRNAs in children with retinoblastoma from which 14 are also detected in corresponding primary tumors.

miRNAs regulate post-transcriptional gene expression in metazoans, and thus are involved in many fundamental cellular biological processes. Extracellular miRNAs are also found in most human biofluids including plasma. These circulating miRNAs constitute a long distance inter cellular communication system and are potentially useful biomarkers. High throughput technologies like microarrays are able to scan a complete miRNome providing useful detection scores that are underexplored. We proposed to answer how many and which miRNAs are detectable in plasma or extracellular vesicles as these questions have not yet been answered. We set out to address this knowledge gap by analyzing the mirRNome in plasma and corresponding extracellular vesicles (EVs) from 12 children affected by retinoblastoma (Rb) a childhood intraocular malignant tumor, as well as from 12 healthy similarly aged controls. We calculated an average of 537 detectable miRNAs in plasma and 625 in EVs. The most miRNA enriched compartment were EVs from Rb cases with an average of 656 detectable elements. Using hierarchical clustering with the detection scores, we generated broad detection mirnome maps and identified a plasma signature of 19 miRNAs present in all Rb cases that is able to discriminate cases from controls. An additional 9 miRNAs were detected in all the samples; within this group, miRNA-5787 and miRNA-6732-5p were highly abundant and displayed very low variance across all the samples, suggesting both are good candidates to serve as plasma references or normalizers. Further exploration considering participant's sex, allowed discovering 5 miRNAs which corresponded only to females and 4 miRNAs corresponding only to males. Target and pathway analysis of these miRNAs revealed hormonal function including estrogen, thyroid signaling pathways and testosterone biosynthesis. This approach allows a comprehensive unbiased survey of a circulating miRNome landscape, creating the possibility to define normality in mirnomic profiles, and to locate where in these miRNome profiles promising and potentially useful circulating miRNA signatures can be found.

Recomendaciones para la atención de pacientes con diabetes mellitus con factores de riesgo o enfermedad cardiovascular establecida y SARS-CoV-2 / Recommendations for the care of patients with diabetes mellitus with risk factors or established cardiovascular disease and SARS-CoV-2

Resumen Se realiza una revisión sobre el riesgo de los pacientes que padecen diabetes mellitus en el contexto de morbimortalidad general y relacionada a infección por el coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2). Así mismo se repasan las recomendaciones generales, de alimentación y de la prevención de las comorbilidades que más frecuentemente padecen dichos enfermos. Finalmente se hace una revisión de las recomendaciones farmacológicas sobre el tratamiento tanto oral como parenteral en el paciente ambulatorio, en la hospitalización y en estados críticos infectados por el SARS-CoV-2.

Abstract A review is carried out to examine the risk of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus in the context of general morbidity and mortality and related to infection by SARS-CoV-2. Likewise, the general recommendations for food and the prevention of comorbidities that most these patients suffer most frequently are also studied. Finally, a review of the pharmacological recommendations on both oral and parenteral treatment in the outpatient, in hospitalization and in critical states infected with SARS-CoV-2 is made.

Mejora del diagnóstico del síndrome de hiperémesis cannabinoide / Improving the diagnosis of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome

No disponible

Improving the diagnosis of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome.

Two recent publications in this journal regarding cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) reflect a common fact in the clinical practice. Although the syndrome is increasingly well-known, patients still receive a late diagnosis, sometimes after years of delay. This entails multiple visits to the ER, as well multiple outpatient visits and diagnostic tests in gastroenterology departments. Furthermore, there are many unnecessary hospital admissions that are often accompanied by an uncertain discharge diagnosis (psychogenic vomiting, etc.).

Nuevos modelos de familia y desarrollo psíquico de los niños / New family models and children's psychic development

La trasformación de la familia en el mundo occidental supone uno de los mayores cambios en los últimos 50 años. Se ha pasado de la familia nuclear, como modelo casi único, a una multiplicidad de formas de organización familiar. Estos cambios han hecho más compleja la estructuración de la identidad de los hijos. Cada niño necesitará integrar los efectos imaginarios que cada una de estas configuraciones familiares generan, para lo que necesitará la ayuda del entramado familiar y social que le rodea

The transformation of the family in the western world is one of the biggest changes in the last 50 years. It has gone from the nuclear family, as an almost unique model, to a multiplicity of family organization forms. These changes have made the structuring of children's identity more complex. Each child will need to integrate the imaginary effects that each of these family configurations generate, for which he will need help of family and social network that surrounds him

Diferencia en el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos entre pacientes con síndrome de ovario poliquístico y sanas / Difference in neutrophil/lymphocyte index between patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome and healthy women

Resumen OBJETIVO: Determinar la correlación del índice neutrófilos-linfocitos entre mujeres sanas y con síndrome de ovario poliquístico con las concentraciones de glucosa, lípidos y andrógenos. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, transversal y comparativo efectuado en el Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia Luis Castelazo Ayala, entre julio de 2016 y febrero de 2019. Se estudiaron mujeres con síndrome de ovario poliquístico en quienes se cuantificaron: glucosa, lípidos, testosterona, androstenediona y sulfato de dehidroepiandrosterona. Con base en el reporte de la biometría hemática se calculó el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos. Los resultados se compararon con controles sanas estudiadas por infertilidad. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó U de Mann-Whitney y análisis de correlación de Spearman. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 112 pacientes que se dividieron en dos grupos: el grupo 1 con síndrome de ovario poliquístico (n = 63) y grupo 2 mujeres sanas (n = 49). La mediana de la edad del grupo 1 fue 27 (14-39) la del grupo 2: 28 (16-41) años, sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre ambos ni entre los grupos en concentraciones de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos. El índice neutrófilos-linfocitos fue significativamente mayor en el grupo con síndrome de ovario poliquístico: 1.9 (0.9-7.4) vs 1.4 (0.8-3.9), p < 0.000, respectivamente. CONCLUSIÓN: El síndrome de ovario poliquístico se asocia con un proceso inflamatorio crónico y mayor riesgo cardiovascular.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine the difference in the neutrophil/lymphocyte index between PCOS patients and healthy women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, comparative study. Women with PCOS were studied in which glucose, lipids, testosterone, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were measured, also a blood count was performed, and the neutrophil/lymphocyte index was calculated. The results were compared with healthy controls studied for infertility. For statistical analysis, Mann-Whitney U and Spearman correlation analysis were used. RESULTS: 112 patients divided as follows were studied: group I with PCOS (n = 63) and group II healthy women (n = 49). The median age was for group I: 27 (14-39) and group II: 28 (16-41) years without statistically significant difference between them, also there were not between the groups in the concentrations of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. The neutrophil/lymphocyte index was significantly higher in the group with PCOS, 1.9 (0.9-7.4) vs 1.4 (0.8-3.9), p < 0.000, respectively. CONCLUSION: PCOS is associated with a chronic inflammatory process that may confer greater cardiovascular risk.

The KISS1 gene overexpression as a potential molecular marker for cervical cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: Similarities between the pathologic progression of cancer and the physiologic process of placentation have been recognized for many years proposing that both present similar mechanisms and processes. Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most frequent neoplasia among Mexican women turning it into an important health problem. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the degree of the involvement of pregnancy related genes and in cancer progression by in-silico analysis and validated in CC samples. RESULTS: The data mining analysis resulted in the identification of genes expressed in term placenta, first trimester placenta and normal cervical tissues. Finally, we selected KISS1 for the involvement of pregnancy related gene and also in cancer process. In order to explore KISS1 in CC, we analyzed Copy Number Variation (CNV) and gene expression using microarray experiments. KISS1 showed 20% genomic gain in 1q32.1 on CC samples. Furthermore, microarray analysis showed KISS1 as up-regulated genes. Results were validated showing an overexpression of 85% of KISS1 in CC samples. CONCLUSIONS: Data suggest KISS1 as a great candidate for CC molecular markers or as a therapeutic target for CC. Also, HPV presence does not seem to alter the KISS1 expression in CC.