Accuracy of Tools to Differentiate Single From Recurrent Fallers Pre-Frail Older Women.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to analyze and compare musculoskeletal and functional performance and present cutoff points to differentiate pre-frail community-dwelling older women regarding their fall history: non fallers (0 falls), fallers (single fall), and recurrent fallers (≥2 falls). Method: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study on 90 pre-frail community-dwelling older women (71.2 ± 4.49 years) according to Fried criteria. We assessed peak torque (PT) (isokinetic dynamometer), muscle architecture/mass (ultrasound/dual-energy X-ray absorptometry), and the following functional performance: usual gait speed (UGS), fast gait speed (FGS), walking speed reserve (WSR), cadence and step length, and timed up and go. Results: The recurrent fallers presented lower UGS (1.12 ± 0.18 vs. 1.29 ± 0.28 m/s; p = 0.05) and isometric PT of knee extensors than the fallers (89.88 ± 20.99 vs. 115.55 ± 23.09 Nm; p = 0.01), and lower FGS than the fallers (1.35 ± 0.26 vs. 1.5 ± 0.29 m/s; p = 0.03) and non-fallers (1.35 ± 0.26 vs. 1.52 ± 0.26 m/s; p = 0.01). The outcomes that differentiated the fallers from the non-fallers were both WSR calculated as a difference (WSRdiff) (≤0.26 m/s) and WSR calculated as a ratio (WSRratio) (≤1.25 m/s), while to differentiate the recurrent fallers from the non-fallers were FGS (≤1.44 m/s) and step length (≤73 cm). The following cutoff points might be used to differentiate recurrent fallers and fallers: UGS (≤1.12 m/s), FGS (≤1.34m/s), step length (≤73 cm), PT knee extension (≤114.2 Nm), PT knee flexion (≤46.3 Nm), and PT ankle dorsiflexion (≤22.1 Nm). Conclusion: Recurrent fallers community-dwelling pre-frail older women presented a worse musculoskeletal and functional performance when compared to the non-fallers and fallers. Gait speed, step length, PT of both knee extension and flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion can be used to identify both single and recurrent fallers pre-frail older women, contributing to guide interventions and prevent falls and fractures.

Reliability of HOME FAST BRAZIL-Self-Reported Version for Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objective: Verify the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the HOME FAST BRAZIL-Self-reported version and correlate household environmental risks with the history of falls by community-dwelling older adults. Method: Cross sectional study with 50 community-dwelling older adults who were screened by the cut-off point of the Mini Mental State Exam and replied to the HOME FAST BRAZIL-Self-reported version using two evaluators, on three occasions. The reliability analysis was determined by the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC), considering ICC > 0.70 as adequate. To test the correlations, the Spearman test was used. Results: The mean age of the participants was 73.2 ± 5.8 years. The inter- rater reliability of HOME FAST BRAZIL-Self-reported version was ICC 0.83 (IC95%, 0.70-0.90) and the Intra- reliability ICC 0.85 (IC95%, 0.74-0.91). A risk of falls was verified in 88% of the sample and four environmental risks presented significant correlations with the history of falls. Conclusions: The HOME FAST BRAZIL-Self-reported version presented adequate reliability for the evaluation of household environmental risks for community-dwelling older adults. Risks such as inadequate armchairs/ sofas, the absence of anti-slip mats in the shower recess, the presence of pets and inadequate beds require attention in the evaluation of household risks, due to their correlation with the occurrence of falls.

Does Physical Dance Training with Virtual Games Change Muscle Quality of Community-Dwelling Older Women?

Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze the effects of physical dance training with a virtual game on muscle quality (MQ) of community-dwelling older women. Materials and Methods: In total, 46 older women participated in the study and were assigned to either a control group (CG, n = 25, 71 ± 5 years) or training group (TG, n = 21, 69 ± 4 years). The following assessments were performed at baseline and after 12 weeks: quadriceps, ankle plantar flexor, and dorsiflexor isokinetic peak torque (PT) (Biodex System 4 Dynamometer); quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA) measured using magnetic resonance imaging; intramuscular noncontractile tissue (IMNCT) (Image-Pro Plus 4.5.0.29 for Windows); and MQ (ratio of quadriceps PT to CSA). Each week for 12 weeks, the TG undertook three 40-minute sessions of physical training with the "Dance Central" game for Xbox 360® with Kinect, while the CG was instructed to maintain usual activities of daily living. Results: The TG increased quadriceps eccentric PT at 60°/s (P = 0.04) and ankle plantar flexor concentric PT at 60°/s (P = 0.02) when compared with the CG. No significant difference in quadriceps CSA, IMNCT, and MQ was observed. Conclusion: Physical dance training with virtual games can increase quadriceps and ankle plantar flexor strength without changing IMNCT and MQ of community-dwelling older women. Trial number: RBR-8xkwyp (ensaiosclinicos.gov.br-Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry).

Frailty prevalence and related factors in older adults from southern Brazil: A cross-sectional observational study.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of frailty and the association of sociodemographic characteristics, clinical aspects, and functional capacity with the frailty status of community-dwelling older adults from Curitiba, Southern Brazil. METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study included 1,716 participants aged ≥60 years. Frailty was assessed using the Fried phenotype indicators of weakness, exhaustion, low activity, slowness, and weight loss. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical aspects, and functional capacity and functionality were evaluated and compared between the sexes and the different frailty statuses (non-frail, prefrail, and frail). Multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify associations (p<0.05). RESULTS: A high prevalence of frailty (15.8%) and prefrailty (65.3%) were observed, and both were higher in female than in male individuals. The most predominant frailty criterion was weakness, followed by exhaustion. Compared with the non-frail elderly, the prefrail and frail elderly were older in age and presented more health problems, greater dependency for basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and reduced lower extremity strength performance and functional mobility. The highest proportion of illiterate individuals, individuals with 1-4 years of education, widowed individuals, polypharmacy, and possible cognition problems and diseases were seen in the frail elderly group. Moreover, the risk of being prefrail and frail was higher in those who were older and had more health problems, higher body mass index, and reduced lower extremity strength performance. Greater calf circumference and independence in activities of daily living were protective factors for prefrailty and frailty. Furthermore, lower functional mobility increased the chances of being frail. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of frailty was more pronounced in female than in male individuals, mainly because of a decline in force. Prefrailty was 4 times more prevalent than frailty, and the presence of health problems and reduced functional capacity increased the chances of being prefrail and frail.

Is Handgrip Strength a Useful Measure to Evaluate Lower Limb Strength and Functional Performance in Older Women?

AIM: This study aimed to determine the association of handgrip strength with isometric and isokinetic strength (hip, knee and ankle extensor/flexor muscles), and functional capacity in older women. METHODS: The handgrip strength and lower limb strength of 199 older women (60-86 years) were measured using JAMAR and BIODEX dynamometers, respectively. Time Up and Go, Five-times-sit-to-stand and 6m-walk functional tests were evaluated. Pearson correlations were used to determine the relationship between variables. Regression analysis was applied to identify if HS was able to predict TUG performance. The effect of age was analyzed by splitting the participants in a group of older women (OLD; from 60 to 70 years old) and very old women (from 71 to 86 years old). RESULTS: The HS and isometric/isokinetic strength correlations were negligible/low and, in most cases, were non-significant. The correlation between handgrip strength and functional tests also ranged predominantly from negligible (r=0.0 to 0.3) to low (r=0.3 to 0.5), irrespective of the group age. The handgrip strength was not able to explain the variance of the TUG performance. CONCLUSION: Generalizing handgrip strength as a practical and straightforward measure to determine lower limbs and overall strength, and functional capacity in older women must be viewed with caution. Handgrip strength and standard strength measures of the lower limbs and functional tests present a negligible/low correlation.

The HOME FAST BRAZIL self-report version: translation and transcultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese.

OBJECTIVE: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool Self-report into Brazilian Portuguese and to correlate with the history of falls. METHODS: The translation and transcultural adaptation process followed international parameters. The Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool Brazil Self-report, the Mini-Mental State Examination and the history of falls were applied to 10 elderly in the pre-test and to 41 in the final. Demographic and anthropometric data were also evaluated. Spearman correlation coefficient was performed. RESULTS: The participants considered the questionnaire easy to understand and did not report any doubts to answer the final version. There was significant correlation between: Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool Brazil Self-report score and number of falls (ρ = 0.31, p = 0.02) and the lighting and bathroom domains with presence of falls at home (ρ = 0.44, p = 0.00 and ρ = 0.33, p = 0.02, respectively). The questionnaire indicated fall's risk scoring, 10(±2). CONCLUSION: The Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool Brazil Self-report showed to be comprehensible and feasible tool for self-assessment of domiciliary falls risk in Brazilian older people. The scores indicated fall's risk and were associated with the history of falls.

The HOME FAST BRAZIL self-report version: translation and transcultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese

Abstract Objective: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool Self-report Into Brazilian Portuguese and to correlate with the history of falls. Methods: The translation and transcultural adaptation process followed international parameters. The Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool Brazil Self-report, the Mini-Mental State Examination and the history of falls were applied to 10 elderly in the pre-test and to 41 in the final. Demographic and anthropometric data were also evaluated. Spearman correlation coefficient was performed. Results: The participants considered the questionnaire easy to understand and did not report any doubts to answer the final version. There was significant correlation between: Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool Brazil Self-report score and number of falls (p = 0.31, p = 0.02) and the lighting and bathroom domains with presence of falls at home (p = 0.44, p = 0.00 and p = 0.33, p = 0.02, respectively). The questionnaire indicated fall's risk scoring, 10(±2). Conclusion: The Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool Brazil Self-report showed to be comprehensible and feasible tool for self-assessment of domiciliary falls risk in Brazilian older people. The scores indicated fall's risk and were associated with the history of falls.(AU)

The Brazilian version of the Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool (HOME FAST): translation, cross-cultural adaptation, validation and reliability / Versão brasileira do Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool (HOME FAST): tradução, adaptação transcultural, validação e confiabilidade

Abstract Objective: to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool - HOME FAST into Brazilian Portuguese and to evaluate its construct validity and intra-and inter-rater reliability. Method: a cross-sectional study was carried out that included older people aged 60 years or older. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation were carried out in the following stages: 1. Translation, 2. Synthesis, 3. Back translation, 4. Expert panel (review and pre-final version), 5. Pre-testing, 6. Analysis by the expert panel and the final version of the instrument. The Berg Balance Scale - BBS was used to test construct validity (Spearman correlation coefficient). Additionally, intra-and inter-rater reliability analysis was conducted using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and the Bland-Altman plot. Results were considered significant at p<0.05. Results: the HOME FAST-Brazil was applied to 53 older people with a mean age of 71(5) years; 79% (42) of whom were female and 21% (11) of whom were male. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation process resulted in similar versions among translations. The correlation of the total score of HOME FAST-Brazil with the BBS was ρ=-0.241, p=0.041. The reliability rate was ICC=0.99 and 0.92 (intra-and inter-rater, respectively). Conclusion: The HOME FAST-Brazil, translated and cross-culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, was shown to have construct validity and excellent intra-and inter-rater reliability.

Resumo Objetivo: traduzir e adaptar transculturalmente o Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool - HOME FAST para o português brasileiro e avaliar sua validade de construto e confiabilidade intra e inter avaliador. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal que incluiu idosos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos. O processo para a tradução e adaptação transcultural seguiu as etapas: 1. Tradução, 2. Síntese, 3. Retrotradução, 4. Comitê de especialistas (revisão e versão pré-final), 5. Pré-teste, 6. Análise pelo comitê de especialistas e versão final do instrumento. A Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg - EEB foi usada para testar a validade de construto (Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman). Adicionalmente, para análise da confiabilidade intra e inter avaliador foi utilizado o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (CCI) e o diagrama de Bland-Altman. Os resultados foram considerados significativos quando p<0,05. Resultados: O HOME FAST-Brasil foi aplicado em 53 idosos com média de idade de 71(5) anos, sendo 79% (42) mulheres e 21% (11) homens. O processo de tradução e adaptação transcultural resultou em versões similares entre as traduções. A correlação entre a pontuação total do HOME FAST-Brasil com a EEB foi ρ=-0,241, p=0,041. Os valores dos testes de confiabilidade foram CCI=0,99 e 0,92 (intra e inter avaliador, respectivamente). Conclusão: O HOME FAST-Brasil, traduzido e adaptado transculturalmente para o português brasileiro, apresentou validade de construto e excelente confiabilidade inter e intra-avaliador.

Frailty prevalence and related factors in older adults from southern Brazil: a cross-sectional observational study

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of frailty and the association of sociodemographic characteristics, clinical aspects, and functional capacity with the frailty status of community-dwelling older adults from Curitiba, Southern Brazil. METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study included 1,716 participants aged ≥60 years. Frailty was assessed using the Fried phenotype indicators of weakness, exhaustion, low activity, slowness, and weight loss. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical aspects, and functional capacity and functionality were evaluated and compared between the sexes and the different frailty statuses (non-frail, prefrail, and frail). Multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify associations (p<0.05). RESULTS: A high prevalence of frailty (15.8%) and prefrailty (65.3%) were observed, and both were higher in female than in male individuals. The most predominant frailty criterion was weakness, followed by exhaustion. Compared with the non-frail elderly, the prefrail and frail elderly were older in age and presented more health problems, greater dependency for basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and reduced lower extremity strength performance and functional mobility. The highest proportion of illiterate individuals, individuals with 1-4 years of education, widowed individuals, polypharmacy, and possible cognition problems and diseases were seen in the frail elderly group. Moreover, the risk of being prefrail and frail was higher in those who were older and had more health problems, higher body mass index, and reduced lower extremity strength performance. Greater calf circumference and independence in activities of daily living were protective factors for prefrailty and frailty. Furthermore, lower functional mobility increased the chances of being frail. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of frailty was more pronounced in female than in male individuals, mainly because of a decline in force. Prefrailty was 4 times more prevalent than frailty, and the presence of health problems and reduced functional capacity increased the chances of being prefrail and frail.

Motivos para a prática de atividades físicas em uma academia ao ar livre de Paranaguá‐PR / Reasons for the practice of physical activities in an fitness zone from Paranagua, Brazil / Las razones para la práctica de actividades físicas en un gimnasio al aire libre de Paranaguá-PR

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o perfil e os fatores motivacionais dos frequentadores de uma academia ao ar livre (AAL). Metodologia Entrevistaram‐se 64 frequentadores da AAL do Aeroparque de Paranaguá‐PR, entre 18 e 60 anos, que responderam sobre perfil saúde/doença, antropométrico, social, nível de atividade física e o Inventário de Motivação à Prática Regular de Atividade Física e Esportiva (Imprafe‐132). Fez‐se análise estatística descritiva e inferencial (p < 0,05). Resultados e conclusão A maioria dos frequentadores era adulto jovem (85,9%), sexo masculino (56,2%), ativo fisicamente (81,2%) e com excesso de peso (54,6%). As principais motivações foram prazer (83 ± 13%) e saúde (79,8 ± 11,7%).

Abstract Objective To evaluate the profile and the reasons to attend an Fitness Zone. Methods We interviewed 64 participants from Aeroparque of Paranaguá‐PR, 18‐60 years‐old,about health/disease, anthropometric and social profiles, level of physical activity (PA)and the Inventory Motivation to Regular Physical Activity and Sports (IMPRAFE‐132). Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis were performed (p < 0.05). Results and conclusions The outcomes might conclude that the most part of participants was young adults (85.9%), males (56.2%), physically active (81.2%) and overweight (54.6%). The main motivations were joy (83 ± 13) and health (79.8 ± 11.7).

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar el perfil y las motivaciones en un gimnasio al aire libre (GAL). Métodos Se entrevistó a 64 participantes, entre 18 y 60 años, que asisten al GAL del Aeroparque de Paranaguá, sobre salud/enfermedad, perfiles antropométricos y sociales, nivel de actividad física y motivaciones para la práctica de actividades físicas y deportivas (IMPRAFE‐132). Se realizo análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial (p < 0,05). Resultados y conclusión A partir de los resultados encontrados se puede concluir que la mayoría de los asistentes eran adultos jóvenes (85,9%), hombres (56,2%), físicamente activos (81,2%) y con sobrepeso (54,6%). Las principales motivaciones fueron la alegría (83 ± 13) y la salud (79,8 ± 11,7).

Effects of Dance Exergaming on Depressive Symptoms, Fear of Falling, and Musculoskeletal Function in Fallers and Nonfallers Community-Dwelling Older Women.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a pop dance exergaming protocol on fall risk factors-depressive symptoms, fear of falling, and musculoskeletal function-in community-dwelling older female fallers and nonfallers. There were 47 community-dwelling older women assigned to the intervention group (IG) [fallers (n = 10, 69.8 ± 4.3 years); nonfallers (n = 12, 68.9 ± 3.3 years)] and the control group (CG) [fallers (n = 12, 73.6 ± 5.4 years); nonfallers (n = 13, 68.7 ± 4.8 years)]. The CG maintained their lifestyle and the IG performed a videogame dance training three times per week for 12 weeks. The Dance Central game for Xbox 360® and Kinect motion sensor were used. The primary outcomes were geriatric depressive symptoms, fear of falling, and concentric and eccentric isokinetic peak torque (PT) of quadriceps and hamstrings. Secondary outcomes included cross-sectional area of quadriceps and hamstring muscles, functionality (Timed Up and Go test, gait speed, the Five Times Sit-to-Stand test), and a fall circumstances and outcomes recording. The depressive symptoms decreased in the Intervention Fallers Group. The eccentric hamstrings PT at 180°/s increased in the Intervention Nonfallers Group. There were no significant differences between groups for the other variables analyzed. The training attendance was 83% for the Intervention Fallers Group and 88% for the Intervention Nonfallers Group. Dance exergaming can be indicated to decrease depressive symptoms in fallers and increase the PT in nonfallers among community-dwelling older women.

Supervised dance intervention based on video game choreography increases quadriceps cross sectional area and peak of torque in community dwelling older women

Abstract AIMS the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a supervised dance intervention based on video game choreography on isokinetic concentric and eccentric knee peak of torque (PT), quadriceps and hamstrings cross sectional area (CSA) and functionality in community-dwelling older women. METHODS Forty-seven older women were allocated in Control Group (CG, n=25) and Intervention Group (IG, n=22). The IG performed dance based on video game choreography (Dance Central, XBOX 360®, Kinect), during 12 weeks, ~40 minutes, 3x/week, without foam (1-6week) and with foam and visual disturbances (7-12 week). The pretest-training-posttest assessments included: isokinetic concentric and eccentric knee PT and CSA (Magnetic resonance imaging) of quadriceps and hamstrings and functional tests. RESULTS The light-to-moderate-intensity 12-weeks training increased 8.5% the eccentric PT of quadriceps at 60°/s (p=0.04) and 1.3% quadriceps CSA (p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that dance training based on video game choreography can enhance PT and induce hypertrophy in community-dwelling older women.

Efeitos do treinamento com Kinect Sports e Kinect Adventures na resistência da musculatura lombopélvica de adultos jovens saudáveis: ensaio clínico não randomizado / Los efectos del entrenamiento con Kinect Sports y Kinect Adventures en la resistencia de la musculatura lumbar y pélvica de adultos jóvenes saludables: estudio clínico no aleatorio / Effects of training with Kinect Sports and Kinect Adventures in the resistance of lumbar-pelvic muscles of healthy young adults: non-randomized clinical trial

RESUMO O treinamento com exergames (EXG) tem sido utilizado como técnica para prevenção em saúde, embora pouco se saiba sobre sua influência na resistência da musculatura da região lombopélvica. Assim, analisou-se os efeitos dos jogos Kinect Sports ® e Kinect Adventures ® sobre a resistência muscular da região lombopélvica de adultos jovens saudáveis. Tivemos 40 participantes (26 mulheres e 14 homens, com idade entre 18 e 30 anos) divididos por conveniência em grupo controle (GC, n=20) e grupo intervenção (GI, n=20), e submetidos a avaliações da resistência da musculatura flexora, extensora e flexora lateral do tronco, em três períodos: inicial (T0), depois de cinco semanas (T5) e depois de 12 semanas (T12). Somente o GI realizou treinamento com videogame, jogos Kinect Sports ® e Kinect Adventures ® (Xbox 360 Kinect®), em duplas, duas vezes por semana, durante 12 semanas. Para analisar as diferenças entre os grupos foi utilizado o teste de ANOVA mista com medidas repetidas design 2 (grupo de tratamento: GC vs. GI) x3 (testes do complexo lombopélvico: T0 vs. T5 vs. T12) (p<0,05). Resultados: O GI apresentou aumento significativo da resistência de extensores de tronco e flexores laterais de tronco (F2,76=3.947, p=0,03; F2,76=3.763, p=0,02, respectivamente) depois de 12 semanas de intervenção com o videogame, em comparação ao GC. Concluiu-se que o treinamento com EXG (Xbox 360 Kinect Sports ® e Kinect Adventures ®) incrementou a resistência da musculatura da região lombopélvica de adultos jovens saudáveis. Este protocolo pode ser considerado na prevenção de desordens musculoesqueléticas da região lombar.

RESUMEN El entrenamiento con los videojuegos activos viene siendo empleado como técnica para promover la salud, pero todavía poco se sabe acerca de su influencia en la resistencia de la musculatura lumbar y pélvica. En este trabajo se analizaron los efectos de los juegos Kinect Sports® y Kinect Adventures® en la resistencia de la musculatura lumbar y pélvica de adultos jóvenes saludables. Se dividieron 40 participantes (26 mujeres y 14 varones, con edades entre 18 y 30 años) por conveniencia en el grupo control (GC, n=20) y en el grupo de intervención (GI, n=20), y se les sometieron al análisis de resistencia del músculo flexor, extensor y flexor lateral del tronco, en tres periodos: inicial (T0), después de cinco semanas (T5) y después de 12 semanas (T12). El G1 solo realizó entrenamiento con los videojuegos Kinect Sports® y Kinect Adventures® (Xbox 360 Kinect®), en parejas, dos veces semanales, durante 12 semanas. En el análisis de las diferencias entre grupos se empleó la prueba ANOVA mixta con repetidas medidas design 2 (grupo de entrenamiento: GC vs. GI) x3 (pruebas del complejo lumbar y pélvico: T0 vs. T5 vs. T12) (p<0,05). Comparado al GC, el GI presentó un aumento significativo en la resistencia de los extensores del tronco y en los flexores laterales del tronco (F2,76=3.947, p=0,03; F2,76=3.763, p=0,02, respectivamente) tras las 12 semanas de entrenamiento con los videojuegos. Se concluye que el entrenamiento con videojuegos activos, Xbox 360 Kinect Sports® y Kinect Adventures®, mejoró la resistencia de la musculatura lumbar y pélvica de los participantes, y puede ser empleado en la prevención de trastornos musculoesqueléticos lumbares.

ABSTRACT Exergames training (EXG) has been used as a technique for health prevention, however, little is known about its influence on the endurance of lumbar-pelvic muscles. The effects of Kinect Sports ® and Kinect Adventures ® on the endurance of lumbar-pelvic muscles in healthy young adults were analyzed. Forty participants (26 women and 14 men, from 18 to 30 years old) were sorted by convenience into a control group (CG, n = 20) and an intervention group (IG, n=20). The muscles of the trunk (flexor, extensor and lateral flexor) were assessed in three periods: before the intervention (T0), after five weeks (T5) and after 12 weeks (T12). Only the IG underwent training with Kinect Sports ® and Kinect Adventures ® (XBOX360 Kinect®), in pairs, twice a week, during 12 weeks. To analyze the differences between groups, mixed ANOVA test was used with repeated measures design 2 (treatment group: CG vs. IG) x3 (lumbar-pelvic complex tests: T0 vs. T5 vs. T12) (p<0.05). The IG showed a significant increase in the endurance of trunk extensors and lateral flexors (F2,76=3.947, p=0.03; F2,76=3.763, p=0.02), respectively, after 12 weeks of intervention, compared to the CG. It was concluded that EXG training (XBOX360 Kinect Sports® and Kinect Adventures®) improved the resistance of the lumbar-pelvic muscles of healthy young adults. This protocol may be considered an instrument for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in the lumbar region.

Isokinetic performance, functionality, and pain level before and after lumbar and pelvic estabilization exercise in individuals with chronic low back pain / Desempenho isocinético, funcionalidade e dor antes e depois de exercícios de estabilização lombopélvica em indivíduos com lombalgia crônica

Introduction Chronic low back pain with a mechanical and degenerative origin is among the most common symptoms experienced by people all over the world. Objective To analyze the effects of a protocol for lumbar and pelvic segmental stabilization with regard to isokinetic variables, functionality, and pain in patients with low back pain. Materials and methods The sample consisted of 21 subjects, 8 female and 13 male, with a mean age of 42.6 ± 12.5 years. We used tests for mobility (modified Schober index), flexibility (finger-floor distance), functionality (Roland-Morris questionnaire), pain (Visual Analog Scale of Pain), and the isokinetic variables torque peak, work, flexors/extensors ratio before and after application of a protocol for segmental stabilization in subjects with chronic low back pain with a mechanical and degenerative origin. This protocol was used for two months, being applied twice a week. The data were statistically tested by means of the software Statistica, version 8.0. Results There were significant improvements for the variables flexibility (p = 0.014), functionality (p < 0.001), pain level (p < 0.001), torque peak flexion (p = 0.008), torque peak range (p < 0.001), torque flexion (p = 0.001), torque range (p < 0.001), and flexors/extensors ratio (p = 0.001). Conclusion Even with the improved levels of trunk muscles strength, both flexors and extensors, it was not possible to rebalance the segment according to data available in the literature. It is believed that there is a need for a protocol with a longer application period, maintaining the recruitment of extensor muscles. Regarding mobility of the lumbar segment, the protocol showed no significant differences in post-treatment (p = 0.520). This may be attributed to improved muscle control, providing the increased passive stiffness required to promote stability. .

Introdução A dor lombar crônica de origem mecânico-degenerativa é um dos sintomas de maior incidência na população mundial, independente do fator causal, e tem estreita relação com a instabilidade do segmento lombar da coluna vertebral. Objetivos Analisar os efeitos de um protocolo de estabilização segmentar lombo-pélvica nas variáveis isocinéticas, funcionalidade e dor em indivíduos com lombalgia. Materiais e métodos A amostra foi composta por 21 sujeitos, 8 do gênero feminino e 13 masculino, com idade média de 42,6 ± 12,5 anos. Foram utilizados testes de mobilidade (Índice de Shober Modificado), flexibilidade (Distância mão-chão), funcionalidade (Questionário Roland-Morris), dor (EVA) e variáveis isocinéticas Pico de torque, Trabalho e Relação F/E antes e após aplicação de um protocolo de Estabilização Segmentar em sujeitos com lombalgia crônica mecânico-degenerativa. O protocolo teve duração de dois meses, sendo aplicado duas vezes por semana. Os dados foram testados estatisticamente através do programa computacional Statistica v.8.0. Resultados Obteve-se melhoras significativas para as variáveis, flexibilidade (p = 0,014), funcionalidade (p < 0,001), nível de dor (p < 0,001), PT Flexão (p = 0,008), PT Extensão (p < 0,001), T Flexão (p = 0,001), T Extensão (p < 0,001) e Relação F/E (p = 0,001). Conclusão Mesmo com a melhora dos níveis de força dos músculos do tronco — flexores e, sobretudo, extensores —, não foi possível reequilibrar o segmento segundo os dados da literatura. Acredita-se que um protocolo de maior duração com a manutenção do recrutamento dos músculos extensores torna-se necessário. Em relação ...

Análise da musculatura estabilizadora lombopélvica em jovens com e sem dor lombar / Lumbopelvic stabilization musculature analysis in young subjects with and without low back pain

INTRODUÇÃO: A capacidade de controle da musculatura profunda local em indivíduos com dor lombar tende a estar diminuída. OBJETIVO: Analisar e comparar o comportamento da musculatura estabilizadora lombopélvica em jovens com e sem dor lombar. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: A pesquisa do tipo transversal quantitativa teve aplicação de avaliações para estabilidade lombopélvica por meio dos testes de Resistência Estática do Tronco, Resistência das Costas de Sorenson e Teste de Side Bridge (ponte lateral), questionário funcional lombar de Roland-Morris; a escala de dor foi avaliada com uso da escala análoga visual da dor em adultos jovens da Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Jacarezinho (PR). RESULTADOS: A amostra do trabalho foi composta de 108 indivíduos, 17 do gênero masculino e 91 do gênero feminino, apresentando médias e desvios padrão respectivamente de: idade 19,44 ± 1,73 anos, estatura 167 ± 8 cm, peso 60,48 ± 11 kg e índice de massa corpórea (IMC) 21,70 ± 2,80 kg/m². Dos participantes, 20% apresentaram dor lombar. Na comparação entre grupos de indivíduos com dor lombar e sem dor mediante testes de estabilidade lombopélvica, não se observou diferenças significativas, p > 0,05 para todos os testes, mesmo com divisão por gênero, onde o percentual dos indivíduos com dor foi de 18,68% no grupo feminino e de 29,41% no masculino. CONCLUSÃO: Constatou-se que os adultos jovens com dor lombar não se apresentaram com a musculatura estabilizadora lombopélvica significativamente diferente quando comparados com os sem dor.

INTRODUCTION: Individuals with low back pain seem to impair the ability to control the muscles deep site. OBJECTIVE: To analyze and compare the behavior of the lumbopelvic stabilizing musculature in young adult with and without low back pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was cross-sectional quantitative application of assessments for lumbar-pelvic stability, through tests Trunk Static Resistance, Resistance of the Coasts of Sorenson and Side Bridge Test, functional questionnaire lumbar Roland Morris and pain scale by visual analogue scale of pain in young State University North of Paraná (UENP), Center for Health Sciences, Jacarezinho, Parana State, Brazil. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 108 individuals, 17 males and 91 females, with mean and standard deviation respectively: age 19.44 ± 1.73 years, height 167 ± 8 cm, weight 60.48 ± 11 kg and body mass index (BMI) 21.70 ± 2.80 kg/m². 20% of participants had low back pain. When comparing groups of individuals with low back pain and pain through stability testing lumbopelvic not observed significant differences, p > 0.05 for all tests, even dividing by gender, where the percentage of individuals with pain was 18.68% among females and 29.41% among males. CONCLUSION: It was found that young adults with low back pain were not presented with the lumbopelvic stabilizing musculature significantly different when compared with those without pain.

Estabilização lombo-pélvica: evidênciasem avaliação e tratamento / Lumbo-pelvic stabilization: evidence in evaluation and treatment

Pela necessidade de esclarecimento de práticas conflitantes ealinhamento das abordagens com os princípios da estabilizaçãocentral, este estudo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura sobre asformas de avaliação e tratamento em estabilização lombo-pélvica,buscando evidências para uma prática sustentável. Selecionaram-seartigos publicados entre os anos de 1996 e 2011, obtidos nas basesde dados Medline, Pubmed, Lilacs e Scielo. As palavras-chave foram:estabilização, coluna vertebral, lombalgia e reabilitação nos idiomasinglês e português. Os principais resultados encontrados sobreformas de avaliação foram: questionários de dor e funcionalidade(N = 16), eletromiografia (EMG) (N = 9), escalas de dor (N = 6),ultrassom (N = 4), unidade pressórica de biofeedback (N = 3) e testesde resistência (N = 2). Foi observada, ainda, uma tendência à junçãode duas ou mais formas de avaliação em um mesmo estudo. Quantoao tratamento, a aplicação dos exercícios buscaram reestabelecer afunção e diminuir a dor e instabilidade do segmento lombo-pélvico,constatando que apesar de muitos estudos não descreverem completamenteo protocolo de intervenção, dificultando a reaplicaçãodos mesmos, o tratamento com estabilização segmentar para ocomplexo lombo-pélvico, em sua maioria, vem sendo aplicado comseus parâmetros básicos, seguindo a progressão correta dos exercícios...

The need of clarification of conflicting practices and alignmentof approaches with principles of core stabilization leads to thisstudy which aimed to review the literature on forms of assessmentand treatment in lumbo-pelvic stabilization, seeking evidence for asustainable practice. We selected articles published between 1996and 2011, obtained in Medline, Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo databases.The following key-words were selected: stabilization, spine,low back pain and rehabilitation in English and Portuguese. Themain findings related to evaluation forms were in pain and functionquestionnaires (N = 16), electromyography (EMG) (N = 9), painscales (N = 6), ultrasound (N = 4), pressure biofeedback unit (N= 3) and resistance testing (N = 2). Furthermore, a tendency tocombine 2 or more possibilities of assessment in the same studywas observed. Concerning treatment, the exercises program aimedat restoring function and decreasing pain and lumbo-pelvic instability.It was observed that although many studies do not describecompletely the intervention protocol, making it difficult to reusethe same, the segmental stabilization in lumbo-pelvic complextreatment has been applied with their basic parameters, followingthe correct progression of exercises...