Conscientious Objection to Legal Abortion in Minas Gerais State.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to verify the existence of conscientious objection to comprehensive health care for the victim of sexual violence, as well as to understand the service structure of institutions authorized in the health care system for victims of sexual violence in the state of Minas Gerais. METHODS: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical field study aiming to collect data from institutions authorized to assist victims of sexual violence in the state. The instrument was handed in to the coordinators of these services. RESULTS: It was found that 11% have no physician in service and that 31% had no training for this type of care. It was revealed that 85% of these institutions have already encountered patients wishing to have a legal abortion, but 83% of them have not had their request granted. There was a 60% presence of conscientious objection by the entire medical team, the main reason being religious (57%). CONCLUSION: The assistance system is not prepared for comprehensive care for victims of sexual violence, especially in terms of legal abortions, with conscientious objection being the main obstacle. A functional referral and counter-referral system is needed to alleviate such a serious and evident problem. It is hoped that the research results will promote dialogues in the state that favor appropriate actions on legal abortion, and respect the medical professional, in case of conscientious objection.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a existência da objeção de consciência na atenção integral da saúde à vítima de violência sexual, bem como conhecer a estrutura de atendimento das instituições credenciadas na rede de atenção à vítima de violência sexual no Estado de Minas Gerais. MéTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo de campo de caráter quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e analítico, com proposta de coleta de dados das instituições credenciadas ao atendimento às vítimas de violência sexual no estado. O instrumento foi entregue às(aos) coordenadora(es) destes serviços. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se que 11% dos serviços não possuem médicos e 31% não fornecem treinamento para este tipo de atendimento. Foi revelado que 85% dessas instituições já encontraram pacientes que desejam fazer o aborto legal, mas 83% destas não tiveram seu pedido atendido. Houve 60% da presença de objeção de consciência por parte de toda a equipe médica, sendo o principal motivo religioso (57%). CONCLUSãO: O sistema de assistência no Estado não está preparado para o atendimento integral às vítimas de violência sexual, principalmente no quesito resolução do aborto legal, sendo a objeção de consciência o maior obstáculo. Se faz necessária uma rede de referência e contra referência funcionante para amenizar problema tão sério e evidente. Espera-se que o resultado da pesquisa crie espaços de diálogos dentro do estado que favoreçam ações adequadas sobre o aborto legal, e o profissional médico respeitado, se houver objeção de consciência.

Conscientious objection to legal abortion in Minas Gerais state / Objeção de consciência na dinâmica do atendimento ao aborto legal em Minas Gerais

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the existence of conscientious objection to comprehensive health care for the victim of sexual violence, as well as to understand the service structure of institutions authorized in the health care system for victims of sexual violence in the state of Minas Gerais. Methods: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical field study aiming to collect data from institutions authorized to assist victims of sexual violence in the state. The instrument was handed in to the coordinators of these services. Results: It was found that 11% have no physician in service and that 31% had no training for this type of care. It was revealed that 85% of these institutions have already encountered patients wishing to have a legal abortion, but 83% of them have not had their request granted. There was a 60% presence of conscientious objection by the entire medical team, the main reason being religious (57%). Conclusion: The assistance system is not prepared for comprehensive care for victims of sexual violence, especially in terms of legal abortions, with conscientious objection being the main obstacle. A functional referral and counter-referral system is needed to alleviate such a serious and evident problem. It is hoped that the research results will promote dialogues in the state that favor appropriate actions on legal abortion, and respect the medical professional, in case of conscientious objection.

Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a existência da objeção de consciência na atenção integral da saúde à vítima de violência sexual, bem como conhecer a estrutura de atendimento das instituições credenciadas na rede de atenção à vítima de violência sexual no Estado de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de campo de caráter quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e analítico, com proposta de coleta de dados das instituições credenciadas ao atendimento às vítimas de violência sexual no estado. O instrumento foi entregue às(aos) coordenadora(es) destes serviços. Resultados: Verificou-se que 11% dos serviços não possuem médicos e 31% não fornecem treinamento para este tipo de atendimento. Foi revelado que 85% dessas instituições já encontraram pacientes que desejam fazer o aborto legal, mas 83% destas não tiveram seu pedido atendido. Houve 60% da presença de objeção de consciência por parte de toda a equipe médica, sendo o principal motivo religioso (57%). Conclusão: O sistema de assistência no Estado não está preparado para o atendimento integral às vítimas de violência sexual, principalmente no quesito resolução do aborto legal, sendo a objeção de consciência o maior obstáculo. Se faz necessária uma rede de referência e contra referência funcionante para amenizar problema tão sério e evidente. Espera-se que o resultado da pesquisa crie espaços de diálogos dentro do estado que favoreçam ações adequadas sobre o aborto legal, e o profissional médico respeitado, se houver objeção de consciência.

Objeção de consciência na dinâmica do atendimento ao aborto legal em Minas Gerais / Conscientious objection to legal abortion in Minas Gerais state

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a existência da objeção de consciência na atenção integral à saúde das vítimas de violência sexual, bem como conhecer a estrutura de atendimento das instituições credenciadas na rede de atenção à vítima de violência sexual no Estado de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de campo de caráter quantitativo, transversal, descritivo e analítico, com proposta de coleta de dados das instituições credenciadas ao atendimento às vítimas de violência sexual no estado. O instrumento foi entregue aos(às) coordenadores(a) desses serviços. Resultados: Verificou-se que 11% dos serviços não possuem médicos e 31% não fornecem treinamento para esse tipo de atendimento. Foi revelado que 85% dessas instituições já encontraram pacientes que desejam fazer o aborto legal, mas 83% delas não tiveram seu pedido atendido. Houve 60% da presença de objeção de consciência por parte de toda a equipe médica, sendo o principal motivo religioso (57%). Conclusão: O sistema de assistência no Estado não está preparado para o atendimento integral às vítimas de violência sexual, principalmente no quesito resolução do aborto legal, sendo a objeção de consciência o maior obstáculo. Faz-se necessária uma rede de referência e contrarreferência funcionante para amenizar esse problema tão sério e evidente. Espera-se que o resultado da pesquisa crie espaços de diálogo dentro do Estado que favoreçam ações adequadas sobre o aborto legal e respeitem o profissional médico se houver objeção de consciência.(AU)

Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the existence of conscientious objection to comprehensive health care for the victim of sexual violence, as well as to understand the service structure of institutions authorized in the health care system for victims of sexual violence in the state of Minas Gerais. Methods: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical field study aiming to collect data from institutions authorized to assist victims of sexual violence in the state. The instrument was handed in to the coordinators of these services. Results: It was found that 11% have no physician in service and that 31% had no training for this type of care. It was revealed that 85% of these institutions have already encountered patients wishing to have a legal abortion, but 83% of them have not had their request granted. There was a 60% presence of conscientious objection by the entire medical team, the main reason being religious (57%). Conclusion: The assistance system is not prepared for comprehensive care for victims of sexual violence, especially in terms of legal abortions, with conscientious objection being the main obstacle. A functional referral and counter-referral system is needed to alleviate such a serious and evident problem. It is hoped that the research results will promote dialogues in the state that favor appropriate actions on legal abortion, and respect the medical professional, in case of conscientious objection.(AU)

Effects of the swimming exercise on the consolidation and persistence of auditory and contextual fear memory.

Exposure to negative environmental events triggers defensive behavior and leads to the formation of aversive associative memory. Cellular and molecular changes in the central nervous system underlie this memory formation, as well as the associated behavioral changes. In general, memory process is established in distinct phases such as acquisition, consolidation, evocation, persistence, and extinction of the acquired information. After exposure to a particular event, early changes in involved neural circuits support the memory consolidation, which corresponds to the short-term memory. Re-exposure to previously memorized events evokes the original memory, a process that is considered essential for the reactivation and consequent persistence of memory, ensuring that long-term memory is established. Different environmental stimuli may modulate the memory formation process, as well as their distinct phases. Among the different environmental stimuli able of modulating memory formation is the physical exercise which is a potent modulator of neuronal activity. There are many studies showing that physical exercise modulates learning and memory processes, mainly in the consolidation phase of the explicit memory. However, there are few reports in the literature regarding the role of physical exercise in implicit aversive associative memory, especially at the persistence phase. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between swimming exercise and the consolidation and persistence of contextual and auditory-cued fear memory. Male Wistar rats were submitted to sessions of swimming exercise five times a week, over six weeks. After that, the rats were submitted to classical aversive conditioning training by a pairing tone/foot shock paradigm. Finally, rats were evaluated for consolidation and persistence of fear memory to both auditory and contextual cues. Our results demonstrate that classical aversive conditioning with tone/foot shock pairing induced consolidation as well as persistence of conditioned fear memory. In addition, rats submitted to swimming exercise over six weeks showed an improved performance in the test of auditory-cued fear memory persistence, but not in the test of contextual fear memory persistence. Moreover, no significant effect from swimming exercise was observed on consolidation of both contextual and auditory fear memory. So, our study, revealing the effect of the swimming exercise on different stages of implicit memory of tone/foot shock conditioning, contributes to and complements the current knowledge about the environmental modulation of memory process.