[Therapeutics of infection by Helicobacter pylori in 2008]. / Terapéutica de la infección por Helicobacter pylori en el 2008.

Eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori is recommended in a number of clinical conditions as developed in Maastricht Consensus (I, II, III). In this state of art we discuss the results of current eradication therapies, the new approaches to the management of infection (new antibiotics and eradication schemes) and antimicrobial resistance.

[Acid-supressing capacity of omeprazole 20 mg tablets vs pantoprazole 20 and 40 mg tablets. A pilot study in volunteers]. / Capacidad ácidosupresora del omeprazol 20 mg comprimidos versus pantoprazol 20 y 40 mg comprimidos. Estudio piloto en voluntarios.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the acid-supressing capacity of omeprazole (OZ) 20 mg tablets vs pantoprazole (PZ) 20 and 40 mg tablets, in healthy volunteers, with 24-h intragastric pH-metry. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Open, randomized, cross-over trial in 10 healthy volunteers; on days 0.8 and 22, 24-h intragastric pH-metry. Day 0, basal, thereafter 7 days with OZ or PZ 20 mg/day; day 8, pH-metry, then "wash out" for 7 days and thereafter 7 more days' therapy with PZ or OZ. On day 22 a 24-h intragastric pH control was performed again. In the last treatment stage, all of them were administered pantoprazole 40 mg/day for 8 days again with a 24-h pH recording at the end. RESULTS: 24-h pH-metry expressed as the time (hours) in which the pH was < or = 4 and the values as mean +/- standard deviation. BASAL 22.12 +/- 1.54, POST-OZ 9.78 +/- 6.72, POST-PZ 20 15.65 +/- 5.65, POST-PZ 40 8.57 +/- 5.93. Statistical evaluation with two way repeated measures ANOVA p < 0.0001. Newman Keuls post-hoc test: (1) vs (2) p < 0.003; (1) vs (3) p < 0.03; (2) vs (4) 0.65. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results it might be stated that both proton pump inhibitors have acid-supressing capacity and omeprazole in equal dosis is more effective than pantoprazole as acid-supressor, with statistically significative differences. There was no difference between 20 mg omeprazole and 40 mg pantoprazole.

Capacidad ácidosupresora del omeprazol 20 mg comprimidos versus pantoprazol 20 y 40 mg comprimidos. Estudio piloto en voluntarios. / [Acid-supressing capacity of omeprazole 20 mg tablets vs pantoprazole 20 and 40 mg tablets. A pilot study in volunteers]

OBJECTIVE: To compare the acid-supressing capacity of omeprazole (OZ) 20 mg tablets vs pantoprazole (PZ) 20 and 40 mg tablets, in healthy volunteers, with 24-h intragastric pH-metry. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Open, randomized, cross-over trial in 10 healthy volunteers; on days 0.8 and 22, 24-h intragastric pH-metry. Day 0, basal, thereafter 7 days with OZ or PZ 20 mg/day; day 8, pH-metry, then [quot ]wash out[quot ] for 7 days and thereafter 7 more days therapy with PZ or OZ. On day 22 a 24-h intragastric pH control was performed again. In the last treatment stage, all of them were administered pantoprazole 40 mg/day for 8 days again with a 24-h pH recording at the end. RESULTS: 24-h pH-metry expressed as the time (hours) in which the pH was < or = 4 and the values as mean +/- standard deviation. BASAL 22.12 +/- 1.54, POST-OZ 9.78 +/- 6.72, POST-PZ 20 15.65 +/- 5.65, POST-PZ 40 8.57 +/- 5.93. Statistical evaluation with two way repeated measures ANOVA p < 0.0001. Newman Keuls post-hoc test: (1) vs (2) p < 0.003; (1) vs (3) p < 0.03; (2) vs (4) 0.65. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results it might be stated that both proton pump inhibitors have acid-supressing capacity and omeprazole in equal dosis is more effective than pantoprazole as acid-supressor, with statistically significative differences. There was no difference between 20 mg omeprazole and 40 mg pantoprazole.

[Virtual gastroscopy. Preliminary experience]. / Gastroscopía virtual. Experiencia preliminar.

OBJECTIVE: To define the role of virtual gastroscopy (VG) in the detection of elevated lesions comparing its results with conventional endoscopy (CE) as the gold standard method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between December 2000 and July 2001, 19 patients were evaluated. The age ranged between 41 and 72 (mean 58.8 years old). VG and CE were performed in all the patients during the same week. VG were carried out with a multislice CT scanner (Mx 8000, Marconi Medical Systems). The technical parameters used were 3 mm with slices and 1.5 mm reconstruction intervals. The acquisition time was 22 seconds. Images were sent to a workstation (MxView, Marconi Medical Systems) where they were reprocessed in three different ways: 1) Bidimensionally 2) Tridimensionally 3) Virtual Endoscopy Findings of VG were compared with CE. RESULTS: VG detected 39 lesions, whereas CE detected 40 lesions. There were 39 true-positive findings, 2 true-negative findings, 0 false-positive findings and 1 false-negative findings. The Sensitivity (Se) was 97.5%; Specificity (Sp) was 100%, positive predictive value 100% and Negative predictive value 66%. CONCLUSIONS: VG is a new non-invasive method with high Se and Sp in the detection of elevated lesions. The actual role of VG consist in identification of gastric lesions and possibility to diagnose gastric disease.

Gastroscopía virtual: experiencia preliminar / Virtual gastroscopy: preliminary experience

OBJECTIVE: To define the role of virtual gastroscopy (VG) in the detection of elevated lesions comparing its results with conventional endoscopy (CE) as the gold standard method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between December 2000 and July 2001, 19 patients were evaluated. The age ranged between 41 and 72 (mean 58.8 years old). VG and CE were performed in all the patients during the same week. VG were carried out with a multislice CT scanner (Mx 8000, Marconi Medical Systems). The technical parameters used were 3 mm with slices and 1.5 mm reconstruction intervals. The acquisition time was 22 seconds. Images were sent to a workstation (MxView, Marconi Medical Systems) where they were reprocessed in three different ways: 1) Bidimensionally 2) Tridimensionally 3) Virtual Endoscopy Findings of VG were compared with CE. RESULTS: VG detected 39 lesions, whereas CE detected 40 lesions. There were 39 true-positive findings, 2 true-negative findings, 0 false-positive findings and 1 false-negative findings. The Sensitivity (Se) was 97.5%; Specificity (Sp) was 100%, positive predictive value 100% and Negative predictive value 66%. CONCLUSIONS: VG is a new non-invasive method with high Se and Sp in the detection of elevated lesions. The actual role of VG consist in identification of gastric lesions and possibility to diagnose gastric disease (AU)

Gastroscopía virtual: experiencia preliminar / Virtual gastroscopy: preliminary experience

OBJECTIVE: To define the role of virtual gastroscopy (VG) in the detection of elevated lesions comparing its results with conventional endoscopy (CE) as the gold standard method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between December 2000 and July 2001, 19 patients were evaluated. The age ranged between 41 and 72 (mean 58.8 years old). VG and CE were performed in all the patients during the same week. VG were carried out with a multislice CT scanner (Mx 8000, Marconi Medical Systems). The technical parameters used were 3 mm with slices and 1.5 mm reconstruction intervals. The acquisition time was 22 seconds. Images were sent to a workstation (MxView, Marconi Medical Systems) where they were reprocessed in three different ways: 1) Bidimensionally 2) Tridimensionally 3) Virtual Endoscopy Findings of VG were compared with CE. RESULTS: VG detected 39 lesions, whereas CE detected 40 lesions. There were 39 true-positive findings, 2 true-negative findings, 0 false-positive findings and 1 false-negative findings. The Sensitivity (Se) was 97.5%; Specificity (Sp) was 100%, positive predictive value 100% and Negative predictive value 66%. CONCLUSIONS: VG is a new non-invasive method with high Se and Sp in the detection of elevated lesions. The actual role of VG consist in identification of gastric lesions and possibility to diagnose gastric disease

Gastroscopía virtual. Experiencia preliminar. / [Virtual gastroscopy. Preliminary experience]

OBJECTIVE: To define the role of virtual gastroscopy (VG) in the detection of elevated lesions comparing its results with conventional endoscopy (CE) as the gold standard method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between December 2000 and July 2001, 19 patients were evaluated. The age ranged between 41 and 72 (mean 58.8 years old). VG and CE were performed in all the patients during the same week. VG were carried out with a multislice CT scanner (Mx 8000, Marconi Medical Systems). The technical parameters used were 3 mm with slices and 1.5 mm reconstruction intervals. The acquisition time was 22 seconds. Images were sent to a workstation (MxView, Marconi Medical Systems) where they were reprocessed in three different ways: 1) Bidimensionally 2) Tridimensionally 3) Virtual Endoscopy Findings of VG were compared with CE. RESULTS: VG detected 39 lesions, whereas CE detected 40 lesions. There were 39 true-positive findings, 2 true-negative findings, 0 false-positive findings and 1 false-negative findings. The Sensitivity (Se) was 97.5

; Specificity (Sp) was 100

, positive predictive value 100

and Negative predictive value 66

. CONCLUSIONS: VG is a new non-invasive method with high Se and Sp in the detection of elevated lesions. The actual role of VG consist in identification of gastric lesions and possibility to diagnose gastric disease.

Evaluacion de sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo de seis metodos serologicos cualitativos para la deteccion de anticuerpos contra el Helicobacter pylori / Evaluation of sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of six qualitative serological methods for the detection of Helicobacter pylori antibodies

El diagnóstico de infección por H.P. incluye: test rápido de la ureasa y cultivo de biopsia gástrica, urea breath test y detección de Atc Ig G. Existe una fuerte correlación entre la positividad de estos tests y la demonstración histológica de dicho microorganismo. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue: determinar y comparar la sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo positivo y negativo de seis equipos comerciales para la detección serológica cualitativa de atc IgG, para el diagnóstico de H.P. Se estudiaron 52 pacientes (58 por ciento masculino, 42 por ciento femenino) con edad promedio 42,4 años con diagnóstico úlcera péptica gastro-duodenal o gastritis erosiva, H. Pylori positivo por test de la ureasa e histología convencional (Giemsa) en 2 biopsias de antro y 2 de cuerpo. El grupo control incluía 10 individuos con histología y test de la ureasa negativos. Los seis tests serológicos evaluados tenían sensibilidad y especificidad comparable, (89-95 por ciento) y (77-83 por ciento) respectivamente. La presencia de anticuerpos específicos contra H.P. en pacientes infectados reveló una fuerte correlación con la demonstración histológica del microorganismo. Recomendamos estos tests serológicos cualitativos debido a su alta sensibilidad y especificidad, bajo costo, sencillez y rapidez para su realización.

Evaluacion de sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo de seis metodos serologicos cualitativos para la deteccion de anticuerpos contra el Helicobacter pylori / Evaluation of sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of six qualitative serological methods for the detection of Helicobacter pylori antibodies

El diagnóstico de infección por H.P. incluye: test rápido de la ureasa y cultivo de biopsia gástrica, urea breath test y detección de Atc Ig G. Existe una fuerte correlación entre la positividad de estos tests y la demonstración histológica de dicho microorganismo. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue: determinar y comparar la sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo positivo y negativo de seis equipos comerciales para la detección serológica cualitativa de atc IgG, para el diagnóstico de H.P. Se estudiaron 52 pacientes (58 por ciento masculino, 42 por ciento femenino) con edad promedio 42,4 años con diagnóstico úlcera péptica gastro-duodenal o gastritis erosiva, H. Pylori positivo por test de la ureasa e histología convencional (Giemsa) en 2 biopsias de antro y 2 de cuerpo. El grupo control incluía 10 individuos con histología y test de la ureasa negativos. Los seis tests serológicos evaluados tenían sensibilidad y especificidad comparable, (89-95 por ciento) y (77-83 por ciento) respectivamente. La presencia de anticuerpos específicos contra H.P. en pacientes infectados reveló una fuerte correlación con la demonstración histológica del microorganismo. Recomendamos estos tests serológicos cualitativos debido a su alta sensibilidad y especificidad, bajo costo, sencillez y rapidez para su realización. (AU)

Compromiso esofagico en la esclerosis sistemica progresiva / Esophageal involvement in the progressive systemic sclerosis

La esclerosis sistémica progresiva, es una colagenopatia con alta frecuencia de compromiso esofágico, especialmente si se utiliza la manometría como método de evaluación y que asume elevadas complicaciones clínicas en un alto porcentaje de pacientes. El objetivo fue evaluar la prevalencia del compromiso esofágico a través de la clínica, radiológia, endoscopia, manometría, y comparar los resultados con los de otros autores. Entre enero de 1978 y febrero de 1993, se evaluaron 101 pacientes con distintas formas clínicas de esclerodermia, 89 mujeres y 12 varones de edades entre 16 y 83 años, con X de 49,19 años. Para establecer el diagnóstico de esclerosis sistémica se tomaron en cuenta los criterios establecidos por Masi, Rodnan (1978). De los 101 casos, 83 tuvieron disfagia (82,2 por ciento), motora 66 (65 por cento) orgánica 17(34,7 por ciento). Reflujo gastroesofágico se observó en 41 casos (40,5 por ciento). Según la clasificación radiológica de Heitz: estadio I, 26 pacientes (25 por ciento), estadio II, 58 pacientes (57,4 por ciento), estadio III, 17 pacientes (16,9 por ciento). Endoscópicamente según Gibbs se encontraron: estadío I, 16 pacients (15,8 por ciento), estadío II 49 pacientes (48,5 por ciento), estadío III, 19 pacients (18,8 por ciento) y estadío IV, 17 pacientes (16,9 por ciento). Manometria, según Neschis, observamos 77 pacientes (76//) en estadío II y III. Si bien estas anormalidades motoras y orgánicas esofágicas tienen un valor diagnóstico evidente también han sido referidas en otras colagenopatías y enfermedades metabólicas, que aunque con frecuencia significativamente menor a la hallada por los autores en la esclerosis sistémica progresiva

Compromiso esofagico en la esclerosis sistemica progresiva / Esophageal involvement in the progressive systemic sclerosis

La esclerosis sistémica progresiva, es una colagenopatia con alta frecuencia de compromiso esofágico, especialmente si se utiliza la manometría como método de evaluación y que asume elevadas complicaciones clínicas en un alto porcentaje de pacientes. El objetivo fue evaluar la prevalencia del compromiso esofágico a través de la clínica, radiológia, endoscopia, manometría, y comparar los resultados con los de otros autores. Entre enero de 1978 y febrero de 1993, se evaluaron 101 pacientes con distintas formas clínicas de esclerodermia, 89 mujeres y 12 varones de edades entre 16 y 83 años, con X de 49,19 años. Para establecer el diagnóstico de esclerosis sistémica se tomaron en cuenta los criterios establecidos por Masi, Rodnan (1978). De los 101 casos, 83 tuvieron disfagia (82,2 por ciento), motora 66 (65 por cento) orgánica 17(34,7 por ciento). Reflujo gastroesofágico se observó en 41 casos (40,5 por ciento). Según la clasificación radiológica de Heitz: estadio I, 26 pacientes (25 por ciento), estadio II, 58 pacientes (57,4 por ciento), estadio III, 17 pacientes (16,9 por ciento). Endoscópicamente según Gibbs se encontraron: estadío I, 16 pacients (15,8 por ciento), estadío II 49 pacientes (48,5 por ciento), estadío III, 19 pacients (18,8 por ciento) y estadío IV, 17 pacientes (16,9 por ciento). Manometria, según Neschis, observamos 77 pacientes (76//) en estadío II y III. Si bien estas anormalidades motoras y orgánicas esofágicas tienen un valor diagnóstico evidente también han sido referidas en otras colagenopatías y enfermedades metabólicas, que aunque con frecuencia significativamente menor a la hallada por los autores en la esclerosis sistémica progresiva (AU)