Sports Stars Brazil in children with autism spectrum disorder: A feasibility randomized controlled trial protocol.

BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) children have lower levels of participation in recreational and sporting activities when compared to their peers. Participation has been defined based on the Family of Participation-Related Constructs (fPRC) which defines participation as including both attendance and involvement, with sense of self, preferences and activity competence related to a child's participation. Modified sports interventions such as Sports Stars can act on physical literacy and some of the fPRCs components. This study aims to assess the feasibility of the Sports Stars Brazil intervention for children with ASD. METHODS: This study will be conducted with 36 participants with ASD aged 6 to 12 years old following the CONSORT for pilot and feasibility recommendation. Participants will be randomly allocated into two groups. Intervention group will receive eight, weekly Sports Stars sessions. Each session will include of sports-focused gross motor activity training, confidence building, sports-education and teamwork development. Study assessments will occur at baseline, immediately post-intervention and 20-weeks post-randomization. First, we will assess process feasibility measures: recruitment, assessment completion, adherence, adverse events and satisfaction. Second, we will investigate the scientific feasibility of the intervention by estimating the effect size and variance at the level of achievement sports-related activity and physical activity participation goals (Goal Attainment Scaling), activity competence (Ignite Challenge, Test of Gross Motor Development-second edition, Physical Literacy Profile Questionnaire, Pediatric Disability Assessment Inventory-Computer Adaptive Test-PEDI-CAT-mobility, 10×5 Sprint Test and Muscle Power Sprint Test), sense of self (PEDI-CAT-responsibility), and overall participation at home, school and community, (Participation and Environment Measure for children and young people, PEM-CY). DISCUSSION: The results of this feasibility study will inform which components are critical to planning and preparing a future RCT study, aiming to ensure that the RCT will be feasible, rigorous and justifiable. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials database (ID: RBR-9d5kyq4) on June 15, 2022.

Desenvolvimento de crianças, adolescentes e jovens adultos com Paralisia Cerebral de acordo com a CIF? Uma revisão do escopo.

A CIF pode ser usada para mapear uma série de desfechos por meio de estudos de desenvolvimento. Os principais desfechos investigados em crianças com PC foram atividade e estrutura e função corporal. Pouco tem sido explorado os desfechos de participação e fatores contextuais ao longo do tempo. A principal classificação utilizada para estratificar os participantes foi o Sistema de Classificação da Função Motora Grossa. Estudos futuros devem ampliar seu foco para diferentes áreas da CIF, e na transição para a vida adulta. Estudos sobre o desenvolvimento de indivíduos com PC ajudam terapeutas e pais a planejarem abordagens de tratamento e prognóstico futuro. Os principais desfechos investigados em indivíduos com PC foram atividade e estruturas e funções corporais. Pouco tem sido explorado em desfechos de participação e de fatores contextuais ao longo do tempo.

OBJETIVOS: Identificar e fornecer uma visão geral descritiva dos estudos de desenvolvimento de crianças, adolescentes e jovens adultos com paralisia cerebral (PC); e mapear áreas de foco de acordo com os componentes da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) da OMS. MÉTODO: Estudos longitudinais do desenvolvimento de crianças, adolescentes e/ou jovens adultos com PC foram incluídos nesta revisão de escopo. A busca por estudos elegíveis foi realizada nas bases de dados: MEDLINE, PubMed, LILACS, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, Scopus, e foi restrita aos anos de 2002-2022. Todas os desfechos dos estudos foram classificados em componentes da CIF. RESULTADOS: Nos 56 estudos incluídos, houve 19.438 participantes, envolvendo principalmente crianças, seguidas de adolescentes e, por último, jovens adultos. Todos os componentes da CIF foram investigados e muitos estudos relataram resultados em mais de um componente. O componente atividade foi o mais investigado (67,9%; n = 38 estudos), seguida da estrutura e função corporal (42,9%; n = 24 estudos). A participação (14,2%; n = 8 estudos) e os fatores ambientais (3,6%; n = 2 estudos) foram os menos estudados. Nenhum dos estudos investigou fatores pessoais como desfecho. INTERPRETAÇÃO: Esta revisão de escopo fornece uma visão geral dos estudos sobre o desenvolvimento de crianças, adolescentes e jovens adultos com PC, usando a estrutura da CIF, identificando áreas atuais de foco e lacunas. Estudos futuros devem visar a participação, os fatores contextuais e a transição para a vida adulta. O QUE ESTE ESTUDO ADICIONA: A CIF pode ser usada para mapear uma série de desfechos por meio de estudos de desenvolvimento. Os principais desfechos investigados em crianças com PC foram atividade e estrutura e função corporal. Pouco tem sido explorado os desfechos de participação e fatores contextuais ao longo do tempo. A principal classificação utilizada para estratificar os participantes foi o Sistema de Classificação da Função Motora Grossa. Estudos futuros devem ampliar seu foco para diferentes áreas da CIF, e na transição para a vida adulta.

Development of children, adolescents, and young adults with cerebral palsy according to the ICF: A scoping review.

AIM: To identify and provide a descriptive overview of the development of children, adolescents, and young adults with cerebral palsy (CP) in longitudinal studies; and map areas of focus according to the components of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). METHOD: Longitudinal studies of the development of children, adolescents, and/or young adults with CP were included in this scoping review. A search for eligible studies was conducted in the databases MEDLINE, PubMed, LILACS, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Scopus, and was restricted to the years 2002 to 2022. All outcome measures of the studies were classified into ICF components. RESULTS: In the 56 studies included, there were 19 438 participants, involving mainly children, followed by adolescents, and lastly young adults. All components of the ICF were investigated and many studies reported outcomes in more than one component. Activity was the most investigated (67.9%; n = 38 studies), followed by body functions and structures (42.9%; n = 24 studies). Participation (14.2%; n = 8 studies) and environmental factors (3.6%; n = 2 studies) were the least studied. None of the studies investigated personal factors as an outcome. INTERPRETATION: This scoping review provides an overview of studies on the development of children, adolescents, and young adults with CP, using the ICF framework, identifying current areas of focus and gaps in the research. Future studies should target participation, contextual factors, and the transition into adulthood. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health can be used to map a range of outcomes through developmental studies. The main outcomes investigated in children with cerebral palsy were activity, and body functions and structures. Little has been explored in participation and contextual factors outcomes over time. The main classification used to stratify the participants was the Gross Motor Function Classification System.

Qualidade dos instrumentos que avaliam Atividade e Participação de pessoas com distrofia muscular: uma revisão sistemática de medidas de resultado relatadas pelos pacientes.

OBJETIVO: Identificar os instrumentos de avaliação para pessoas com distrofia muscular e investigar a qualidade/nível de evidência de suas propriedades de medidas. MÉTODOS: Uma revisão sistemática de medidas de resultado relatadas pelos pacientes foi conduzida nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Embase, AMED, DiTA e PsycINFO em agosto de 2020. Foram incluídos estudos psicométricos que investigaram a validade, confiabilidade e responsividade de instrumentos de medida que avaliam atividade e participação para distrofia muscular de qualquer tipo (Duchenne, becker, cinturas, facioescapuloumeral, congênita e miotônica) e idade. Dois revisores independentes selecionaram os estudos, extraíram dados e avaliaram a qualidade e nível de evidência dos instrumentos de medida seguindo o checklist COnsensus-based Standards for the Selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN). RESULTADOS: A busca identificou 6675 referências; um total de 46 estudos com 28 instrumentos de medida de condição-específica ou genéricos foram incluídos. As propriedades de medidas da maioria dos instrumentos tiveram resultados suficientes (68.8%) ou indeterminados (25.7%) de acordo com o COSMIN. A qualidade da evidência das propriedades de medidas foi moderada (23.8%) ou baixa (22.6%) de acordo com o Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). INTERPRETAÇÃO: Existem poucos instrumentos de medida de alta qualidade que tiveram suas propriedades adequadamente medidas. O instrumento com maior qualidade é o Muscular Dystrophy Functional Rating Scale. O Motor Function Measure (instrumento genérico), Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Upper-limb Patient-reported Outcome Measure, North Star Ambulatory Assessment e Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Activity and Participation Scale for Clinical Use (específicos) também são recomendados.

Quality of instruments assessing activity and participation of people with muscular dystrophy: A systematic review of participant-reported outcome measures.

AIM: To identify the standardized assessment scales for people with muscular dystrophy and investigate the quality/level of evidence of their measurement properties. METHOD: A systematic review of patient-reported outcome measures was conducted on the MEDLINE, Embase, AMED, DiTA, and PsycINFO databases in August 2020. We included psychometric studies that investigated the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of instruments assessing activity and participation for muscular dystrophy of any type (Duchenne, Becker, limb-girdle, facioscapulohumeral, congenital, and myotonic) or age. Two independent reviewers selected the studies, extracted data, and evaluated the instruments' quality and level of evidence following the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. RESULTS: The searches identified 6675 references; a total of 46 studies with 28 condition-specific or general instruments were included. The measurement properties of most instruments had sufficient (68.8%) or indeterminate (25.7%) results according to COSMIN. The quality of evidence of the measurement properties was moderate (23.8%) or low (22.6%) according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). INTERPRETATION: There is a lack of high-quality instruments whose psychometric properties are adequately measured. The highest quality instrument is the Muscular Dystrophy Functional Rating Scale. The Motor Function Measure (general instrument), Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Upper-limb Patient-reported Outcome Measure, North Star Ambulatory Assessment, and Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Activity and Participation Scale for Clinical Use (specific) are also recommended. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: There are 28 available instruments for activity and participation of people with muscular dystrophy. The evidence quality is moderate or low because of imprecision and indirectness. The Muscular Dystrophy Functional Rating Scale is the highest quality instrument. The Motor Function Measure is the second most recommended instrument. The Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Upper-limb Patient-reported Outcome Measure, North Star Ambulatory Assessment, and Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Activity and Participation Scale for Clinical Use are also recommended.

Analysis of Informative Content on Cerebral Palsy Presented in Brazilian-Portuguese YouTube Videos.

Aims: To describe the characteristics of the most accessed YouTube videos in Brazilian-Portuguese on cerebral palsy (CP), and to analyze content of informational videos about this topic.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Searching on YouTube website was conducted by two independent examiners between November and December 2019, using the keywords "Paralisia Cerebral" sorted by videos' number of views. Videos that did not present content related to CP or duplicate videos were excluded. The interaction parameters and content characteristics of the included videos were extracted. To access the trustworthiness and quality of informational videos, the modified Discern checklist and the Global Quality Score was used.Results: Following the eligibility criteria 90 videos were included. Fifty-three (53) were classified as experiential videos and 37 as informational videos. Informational videos presented multi-topics about different aspects of CP. This group of videos presented moderate trustworthiness due to the lack of scientific evidence content. Informational videos had good quality and generally good flow.Conclusion: YouTube presented a large number of videos about CP in Brazilian-Portuguese. Informational videos are useful for patients and healthcare providers; however, it is necessary to included information about scientific evidence, as a strategy to facilitate and promote knowledge translation.

Fisioterapia em crianças com paralisia cerebral no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo.

OBJETIVO: Identificar e avaliar os estudos publicados sobre fisioterapia em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros com paralisia cerebral (PC), usando o modelo da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). MÉTODO: Artigos em inglês e português publicados até outubro de 2020, sem restrição de data, foram pesquisados em diferentes bases bibliográficas. Foram extraídos dados sobre as características do estudo, métricas do periódico, características da amostra, domínios da CIF explorados a partir dos componentes e desfechos das intervenções. Para caracterizar as evidências, os estudos foram classificados de acordo com os níveis de evidência do Centro de Medicina Baseada em Evidência de Oxford. RESULTADOS: Noventa e quatro estudos foram incluídos. Crianças com PC espástica e com menores limitações nas habilidades motoras grossas foram as mais reportadas; 67% dos estudos apresentaram baixos níveis de evidência e foram publicados em periódicos sem fator de impacto. As três intervenções mais frequentes foram o conceito neuroevolutivo Bobath/terapia do neurodesenvolvimento, a terapia com vestes e a estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua. Os componentes das intervenções exploraram estruturas e funções do corpo (73,4%), atividade (59,6%) e ambiente (2,1%). Entretanto não exploraram a participação (0%). Os desfechos investigados abordaram atividade (79,8%), estruturas e funções do corpo (67,0%), participação (1%) e ambiente (0%). INTERPRETAÇÃO: Os estudos de intervenções fisioterapêuticas para crianças e adolescentes brasileiros com PC, apresentam maior foco em minimizar deficiências em estruturas e funções do corpo e limitações de atividades. São necessários mais estudos, com melhor nível de evidência e foco ampliado para a participação e os fatores ambientais.

Physical therapy in children with cerebral palsy in Brazil: a scoping review.

AIM: To identify and assess published studies concerning physical therapy in Brazilian children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. METHOD: Articles in English and Portuguese published until October 2020, with no date restrictions, were searched in several different databases. Study characteristics, journal metrics, sample characteristics, and ICF domains explored intervention components and outcomes were extracted. Studies were classified according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine hierarchy levels to characterize the evidence. RESULTS: Ninety-four studies were included. Spastic CP with fewer limitations in gross motor abilities was the most reported; 67% of the studies had low levels of evidence and were published in journals without an impact factor. The three most frequent interventions were neurodevelopmental treatment, suit therapy, and transcranial direct current stimulation. Intervention components explored body functions and structures (73.4%), activity (59.6%), environment (2.1%). They did not explore participation (0%). The outcomes investigated addressed activity (79.8%), body functions and structures (67.0%), and participation (1.1%), but not environment (0%). INTERPRETATION: Studies of physical therapy for Brazilian children and adolescents with CP focused on reducing impairments and activity limitations. Studies with higher levels of evidence and an expanded focus on participation and environmental factors are necessary.