RESUMEN
Tartary buckwheat protein product (TBP) was prepared from buckwheat flour by alkali extraction and isoelectric precipitation. The protein content of TBP was 45.8%, and its amino acid composition of TBP was similar to that of common buckwheat protein product (BWP). SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the protein profile of TBP was partially different from that of BWP. TBP contained more quercetin (1710 mg/100 g) than BWP (5.4 mg/100 g), while there was a small difference in the contents of rutin between them. In experiment 1, the consumption of BWP and TBP at 20% net protein level for 13 d caused 32% and 25% reductions in serum cholesterol of rats fed cholesterol, respectively, when compared to the consumption of casein (P < 0.05). The reduction of serum cholesterol by BWP and TBP was associated with enhanced excretion of fecal neutral sterols. In experiment 2, the consumption of BWP and TBP for 27 d caused 62% and 43% reductions in the lithogenic index in mice fed cholesterol, respectively (P < 0.05). The reduction in lithogenic index was associated with enhanced excretion of fecal bile acids. Taken together, these results suggest a potential source of TBP as a functional food ingredient as well as BWP.
Asunto(s)
Colesterol en la Dieta/farmacocinética , Colesterol/metabolismo , Fagopyrum/química , Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Proteínas de Plantas/farmacología , Animales , Anticolesterolemiantes/administración & dosificación , Anticolesterolemiantes/farmacología , Colesterol/sangre , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Heces/química , Alimentos Orgánicos , Hipercolesterolemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipercolesterolemia/prevención & control , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos , Valor Nutritivo , Proteínas de Plantas/análisis , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Quercetina , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Rutina , Esteroles/análisisRESUMEN
A set of monoclonal antibodies were prepared by the conventional cell fusion of myeloma cells (SP2/0-Ag14) with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunised with whole cells of a strain of mutans streptococci. Their specificities were examined against 35 reference strains of mutans streptococci, 34 reference strains of other oral streptococci and 8 reference strains of other microorganisms often inhabiting the oral cavity. Specificity was examined by enzyme immunoassay using whole cells. A total of 52 strains, consisting of 19 strains isolated in Japan, 19 strains isolated in Italy and 14 strains isolated in England, were characterised by conventional physiological and biochemical tests and then serotyped by the use of 8 monoclonal antibodies with different specificities. They were also confirmed by guanine-plus-cytosine contents of their nucleic acid and DNA-DNA hybridisation test. The results indicated that all monoclonal antibodies are useful for identification of 8 serotypes of the mutans streptococci responsible for dental caries. They also suggest the existence of more serological varieties among mutans species.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales , Streptococcus mutans/clasificación , Streptococcus mutans/inmunología , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos , Composición de Base , Immunoblotting , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Hibridación de Ácido Nucleico , Serotipificación , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
We investigated the effects of a buckwheat protein product (BWP), soy protein isolate (SPI) and casein on the plasma cholesterol level and fecal steroid excretion in rats fed on a cholesterol-free diet. The consumption of BWP suppressed plasma cholesterol by enhancing the fecal excretion of both neutral and acidic steroids. These effects of BWP were stronger than those of SPI.
Asunto(s)
Anticolesterolemiantes/farmacología , Colesterol/sangre , Fagopyrum/química , Heces/química , Proteínas de Plantas/farmacología , Proteínas de Soja/farmacología , Esteroides/metabolismo , Animales , Colesterol en la Dieta/metabolismo , Dieta , Ingestión de Alimentos/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
This study was conducted to examine the effect of consumption of buckwheat protein product (BWP) on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon tumor in rats. Male growing Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets containing either casein or BWP (net protein level, 200 g/kg; n = 20/group) for 124 d. The rats were gavaged weekly with DMH (20 mg/kg body) for the first 8 wk. Food intake and growth were unaffected by dietary manipulation. Dietary BWP caused a 47% reduction in the incidence of colonic adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05), but did not affect the incidence of colonic adenomas. BWP intake tended to reduce the number of colon adenocarcinomas (P = 0.16). Consumption of BWP significantly reduced cell proliferation and expression of c-myc and c-fos proteins in colonic epithelium. The results suggest that dietary BWP has a protective effect against DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats by reducing cell proliferation.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Colon/prevención & control , Proteínas en la Dieta/farmacología , Fagopyrum , Proteínas de Plantas/farmacología , 1,2-Dimetilhidrazina , Animales , Peso Corporal , Carcinógenos , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias del Colon/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Proteínas en la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Ingestión de Alimentos , Masculino , Proteínas de Plantas/administración & dosificación , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
To investigate the combined effect of Ca and Fe on colon carcinogenesis, cell proliferation, apoptosis and fecal bile acids, male Wistar rats were fed the diet containing 5 g Ca/kg (normal Ca) or 15 g Ca/kg (excessive Ca) with 45 mg Fe/kg (normal Fe) or 500 mg Fe/kg (excessive Fe) for 32 days, and given an injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine on day 4. Supplemental Ca reduced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF), especially in excess Fe group. Excessive Fe elevated the ACF, especially in the normal Ca diet. When the Ca intake was high, excessive Fe caused no influence on the ACF. Alteration of colonic ACF was associated with those of liver and serum Fe concentration. Also, colonic cell proliferation and concentration of deoxycholic acid (DCA) in fecal water-soluble fraction were reduced by supplementation of dietary Ca, but unaffected by that of dietary Fe. Supplementation of Ca and/or Fe elevated colonic cell apoptosis. The results suggest that dietary Ca markedly suppresses colon ACF in the Fe-overloaded rats through altering Fe status, and that supplemental Ca lowers colonic cell proliferation and fecal DCA in the water-soluble fraction and elevates colonic cell apoptosis irrespective of Fe status.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Ácidos y Sales Biliares/metabolismo , Calcio de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias del Colon/prevención & control , Heces/química , Hierro de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , 1,2-Dimetilhidrazina/toxicidad , Animales , Agua Corporal , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/patología , Neoplasias del Colon/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of a buckwheat protein product (BWP) on plasma cholesterol, gallbladder bile composition and fecal steroid excretion in hamsters fed diets with 5 g/kg cholesterol. Diets also contained 200 g/kg of casein, soy protein isolate (SPI) or BWP as protein sources. After 2 wk, plasma and liver concentrations of cholesterol in the hamsters fed BWP were significantly lower than those in the hamsters fed casein and SPI. The molar proportion of cholesterol in gallbladder bile was significantly lower in the BWP group than in the other groups, whereas that of bile acids was slightly higher in the BWP group (P = 0.05), resulting in the lowest lithogenic index in the BWP group. None of the hamsters fed BWP had gallstones, whereas they were present in some of the hamsters fed other proteins. Compared with casein intake, BWP intake resulted in significantly higher ratios of cholic acid to chenodeoxycholic acid and of cholic acid to lithocholic acid in the gallbladder bile. The excretions of fecal neutral and acidic steroids were markedly higher in the BWP group compared with the other groups (P = 0.05). SPI intake also significantly lowered cholesterol level in gallbladder bile and caused higher fecal bile acids compared with casein intake, but the effects were significantly less than those of BWP (P = 0.05). The results suggest that BWP suppresses gallstone formation and cholesterol level more strongly than SPI by enhancing bile acid synthesis and fecal excretion of both neutral and acidic steroids.
Asunto(s)
Colelitiasis/patología , Colesterol/sangre , Fagopyrum , Glycine max , Proteínas de Plantas/farmacología , Animales , Bilis/química , Colesterol en la Dieta/farmacología , Cricetinae , Ingestión de Energía/efectos de los fármacos , Heces/química , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Lípidos/sangre , Hígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Mesocricetus , Aumento de Peso/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
A Monoclonal antibody (MAb II-T) specific for serotypes II and V Group E streptococci (GES) was prepared by fusing myeloma cells with spleen cells of mice immunized with whole cells of a serotype II strain. MAb II-T reacted in an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with whole cells of both serotypes and reacted in gel diffusion test with autoclaved-saline extraction of serotypes II and V. The extract was purified by DEAE-Sephadex A-25, followed by treatment with proteinase K, and further by chromatography with a Sephadex G-200 column. The purified polysaccharide (PS) antigen contained 98.6% carbohydrate and 1.4% protein, but no detectable phosphorus. In hapten inhibition tests using various sugars, D-mannosamine markedly inhibited the precipitin reaction. These results indicated that the antigenic determinant might have a structure similar to D-mannosamine.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/inmunología , Especificidad de Anticuerpos , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/inmunología , Streptococcus/clasificación , Streptococcus/inmunología , Anticuerpos Monoclonales , Reacciones Cruzadas , Haptenos/farmacología , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/química , Pruebas de Precipitina , Serotipificación , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reacting with spirosins from Enterobacteriaceae were obtained in a course of screening MAbs to spirosin from Yersinia enterocolitica SYT-11-72 (YE72). The antibodies were designated MAbs-S44 and S50. They were IgG2b and IgG2a, respectively, both with kappa light chains. On Western blotting after limited proteolysis of YE72 spirosin with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, they reacted markedly with peptide fragments of 27 and 35 kDa, suggesting the presence of an antigenic determinant on the fragments. When supernatant cell lysate from Escherichia coli K12 was chromatographed on DEAE-cellulose and Sepharose CL-6B columns successively, a 96-kDa protein with alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity was always associated with reactivity to MAb-S50. These findings combined with N-terminal amino acid sequences clearly indicate the identity of spirosin to ADH in E. coli.
Asunto(s)
Alcohol Deshidrogenasa/análisis , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/inmunología , Proteínas Bacterianas/análisis , Proteínas de Escherichia coli , Escherichia coli/enzimología , Yersinia enterocolitica/química , Alcohol Deshidrogenasa/química , Alcohol Deshidrogenasa/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/biosíntesis , Especificidad de Anticuerpos , Proteínas Bacterianas/química , Proteínas Bacterianas/inmunología , Western Blotting , Cromatografía DEAE-Celulosa , Cromatografía en Gel , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Epítopos/análisis , Hibridomas , Ratones , Peso Molecular , Fragmentos de Péptidos/análisisRESUMEN
A monoclonal antibody (mAb h-448) was prepared after cell fusion of mouse myeloma cells (SP2/0-Ag-14) to the spleen cells of mice immunised with serotype h strain (MF25) of Streptococcus downei. The antibody (IgM class) reacted in enzyme immunoassay only with whole cells as well as purified polysaccharide (PS) antigen of Streptococcus sobrinus (types d and g) and Streptococcus downei (serotype h), but not with cells or purified PS antigen from any other serotypes of the mutans group of streptococci. mAb h-448 also quantitatively precipitated in solution with the purified antigens. Competitive hapten inhibition tests demonstrated that beta-methylgalactopyranoside inhibited the reaction most strongly. Although rhamnose also showed a substantial inhibitory effect, the results of this study indicate that the antigenic determinant of the PS antigen has a structure similar to the beta-methylgalactopyranoside molecule.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/inmunología , Antígenos Bacterianos/inmunología , Polisacáridos Bacterianos/inmunología , Streptococcus/inmunología , Anticuerpos Monoclonales , Especificidad de Anticuerpos , Secuencia de Carbohidratos , Reacciones Cruzadas , Haptenos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Boca/microbiología , Pruebas de Precipitina , Streptococcus sobrinus/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Two hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were prepared by fusing myeloma cells (Sp2/0-Ag14) with mouse spleen cells immunized with purified spirosin from Yersinia enterocolitica SYT-11-72 (YE72). The antibodies produced by them were designated MAbs-S5 and S27. They were IgG2a and IgG1, respectively, both with kappa light chains. MAbs-S5 and S27 reacted specifically with spirosin from YE72. On Western blotting after limited proteolysis with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, YE72 spirosin revealed peptide fragments of 35 and 37 kDa reacting markedly with MAb-S5, which suggested the presence of an antigenic determinant on these fragments. By cellular fractionation of YE72 and subsequent EIA and Western blot analysis, spirosome was shown to be present in the cytoplasm of YE72.