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2.
São Paulo med. j ; 140(3): 331-340, May-June 2022. tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1377392

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Brazil is facing increasing cycles of numbers of infected people and deaths resulting from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This situation involves a series of factors, including the behavior of the population, that can be decisive for controlling the disease. OBJECTIVE: To determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the Brazilian population regarding COVID-19. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey-type study, conducted using a population sample from different Brazilian states. METHODS: A quantitative, descriptive and analytical approach was used. Sampling was done according to convenience and via snowballing. The data collection instrument was a knowledge, attitudes and practices system. RESULTS: 1,655 people from all over Brazil participated in the survey; 80% were living in the southern region and 70.15% were female. More than 90% had knowledge and good attitudes relating to the means of transmission, preventive care and symptoms associated with COVID-19, although their knowledge and attitudes were not fully reflected in daily practices, for which there was lower adherence (80%). Greater knowledge was correlated with older participants, larger number of children, female sex and marital status; better attitude, with female sex and complete higher education; and better practices, with greater age, larger number of children and female sex. CONCLUSION: A large part of the population has general knowledge about COVID-19, but not all knowledge was applied in practice. Older people, females and university graduates stood out as the best informed and most committed to controlling the disease.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Anciano , COVID-19 , Brasil/epidemiología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
3.
Sao Paulo Med J ; 140(3): 331-340, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35508007

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Brazil is facing increasing cycles of numbers of infected people and deaths resulting from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This situation involves a series of factors, including the behavior of the population, that can be decisive for controlling the disease. OBJECTIVE: To determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the Brazilian population regarding COVID-19. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey-type study, conducted using a population sample from different Brazilian states. METHODS: A quantitative, descriptive and analytical approach was used. Sampling was done according to convenience and via snowballing. The data collection instrument was a knowledge, attitudes and practices system. RESULTS: 1,655 people from all over Brazil participated in the survey; 80% were living in the southern region and 70.15% were female. More than 90% had knowledge and good attitudes relating to the means of transmission, preventive care and symptoms associated with COVID-19, although their knowledge and attitudes were not fully reflected in daily practices, for which there was lower adherence (80%). Greater knowledge was correlated with older participants, larger number of children, female sex and marital status; better attitude, with female sex and complete higher education; and better practices, with greater age, larger number of children and female sex. CONCLUSION: A large part of the population has general knowledge about COVID-19, but not all knowledge was applied in practice. Older people, females and university graduates stood out as the best informed and most committed to controlling the disease.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Anciano , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
4.
Acta Cir Bras ; 36(4): e360402, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33978094

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To assess the influence of prolonged cyclosporine use on the macro- and microscopic morphology of the spleen. METHODS: 16 adult rabbits were divided into two groups (n = 8): group 1 - a placebo group, which was followed-up over a period of nine months; group 2 - which had taken an oral dose of cyclosporine (10 mg·kg-1·day-1) over nine months. At the end of this period, the splenic histoarchitecture of all animals was evaluated and the splenic corpuscles were measured. RESULTS: The spleens of the first group presented normal characteristics and dimensions. The second group, however, had a reduction in all dimensions and its tissue texture had become soft. The white pulp and the perivascular sheath had become reduced in size and the number of lymphoid follicles had also fallen (p = 0.002), manifesting less splenic corpuscles (p = 0.0012) and lymphocyte nuclear pigments (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged use of cyclosporine reduces the spleen size, transforming it into a soft organ associated with a decrease in white pulp, perivascular sheath, lymphoid follicles and nuclear pigments in rabbits.


Asunto(s)
Ciclosporina , Bazo , Animales , Ciclosporina/farmacología , Conejos
5.
Acta Cir Bras ; 35(10): e202001006, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33237177

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the effects of homologous and heterologous PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) on the quality and speed of skin wound healing, compared to Poor Platelet Plasma (PPP). METHODS: Twenty-one male adult rabbits were used; two for preparing homologous PRP, with the rest of them separated randomly in three groups, according to the treatment received: PPP - control (n=5), homologous PRP (n=7), heterologous (n=7). Excisional skin wounds were made on the back of the animals, for the application of homologous and heterologous PPP and PRP. At the 14th post-operative day (POD), the animals were subjected to a new wound, and the treatments were inverted. The wounds were evaluated macroscopically and histologically. RESULTS: A larger percentage of scar retraction was observed on the group treated with heterologous PRP, compared to homologous PRP, at the third POD, an increase of 25.03% (p=0.01). No other statistically significant differences among treatments were observed. Among every group, skin healing was efficient, without local adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: Heterologous PRP contributed with more tissue retraction at the beginning of the wound healing process. After this, there were no differences on the wound healing skin process treated with PRP or PPP. However, our findings suggest the presence of others plasmatic factors, besides platelets, which could also contribute to the wound healing process, and thus, should be further investigated.


Asunto(s)
Plaquetas , Plasma Rico en Plaquetas , Animales , Masculino , Conejos , Piel , Cicatrización de Heridas
6.
Cien Saude Colet ; 25(9): 3445-3458, 2020 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32876277

RESUMEN

An infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has unveiled a hitherto hidden reality: the vulnerability of the population living in long-term care facilities for the elderly (LTCF). To date, several scientific publications have revealed a concentration of up to 60% of deaths attributed to COVID-19 in such institutions. Most LTFC residents share the primary risk factors currently associated with increased morbimortality due to the COVID-19 infection. It is crucial to define actions to prevent SARS-CoV-2 spread in this environment, besides the usual measures of social distancing and isolation of the carriers of this disease. This paper proposes strategies for the investigation of this infection in LTCF residents and workers using laboratory tests available in Brazil. The early identification of individuals with SARS-CoV-2, who may actively and continuously spread the virus, allows adopting measures aimed at interrupting the local transmission cycle of this infection.


Asunto(s)
Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Hogares para Ancianos/estadística & datos numéricos , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , Anciano , Betacoronavirus/aislamiento & purificación , COVID-19 , Prueba de COVID-19 , Infecciones por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Coronavirus/mortalidad , Infecciones por Coronavirus/prevención & control , Personal de Salud , Humanos , Cuidados a Largo Plazo , Pandemias/prevención & control , Neumonía Viral/mortalidad , Neumonía Viral/prevención & control , SARS-CoV-2 , Poblaciones Vulnerables
7.
PLoS One ; 15(8): e0237438, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32790799

RESUMEN

Rapid tests (RTs), also known as point-of-care tests, usually release results within 30 minutes with no need for a qualified staff, equipment, or laboratory structure. The Brazilian Ministry of Health published a resolution in 2013, recommending the use of RTs for the diagnosis of HIV infection, where one positive RT must be followed by another different RT. This was meant to increase the chance of proper diagnosis in specific settings and special populations. However, data comparing and validating the different HIV RTs available in Brazil are scarce. Therefore, the present study seeks to evaluate eight anti-HIV RTs available in the Brazilian market regarding their analytical performance: sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and accuracy. We also evaluated the agreement between kits (Kappa index) and the quality of the reading pattern of the tests. This was an observational, analytical, and concordance study, in which previously defined positive and negative samples, based on their serological pattern for anti-HIV antibodies (chemiluminescent immunoassay-ECLIA-used as screening and Western Blot used as the confirmatory test) were tested. Analytical performance and Kappa index were calculated, considering a 95% CI and p<0.05. This study identified differences in the performances of the eight tested kits. Six out of eight RTs showed good performance and can be used in the routine laboratory and health care units as screening tests. Regarding the quality of the RT band reading pattern, two brands had several samples showing quite faint bands, thus compromising its use in clinical and laboratory settings.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Inmunoensayo/métodos , Anticuerpos Anti-VIH/sangre , Humanos , Mediciones Luminiscentes , Sistemas de Atención de Punto , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico , Sensibilidad y Especificidad
8.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 25(9): 3445-3458, Mar. 2020. graf
Artículo en Portugués | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, Coleciona SUS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1133168

RESUMEN

Resumo A pandemia da "novel coronavirus disease" 2019 (COVID-19), infecção causada pelo coronavírus 2 da síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS-CoV-2), tem descortinado uma realidade até então oculta: a vulnerabilidade da população residente em instituições de longa permanência para idosos (ILPI). Diversas publicações científicas têm revelado a concentração de até 60% dos óbitos atribuídos à COVID-19 em tais instituições. A maioria dos residentes em ILPI reúnem os principais fatores de risco para morbimortalidade pela COVID-19, o que torna imprescindível a definição de ações voltadas à prevenção da transmissibilidade do SARS-CoV-2 neste ambiente, além das medidas usuais de distanciamento social e isolamento dos portadores da doença. Propõem-se, no presente artigo, estratégias de rastreamento da infecção em residentes e trabalhadores de ILPI por meio de testes laboratoriais disponíveis no Brasil. A identificação precoce de indivíduos portadores do SARS-CoV-2 com possibilidades de transmissão ativa e continuada do vírus permite a adoção de medidas que interrompam o ciclo de transmissão local da infecção.


Abstract An infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has unveiled a hitherto hidden reality: the vulnerability of the population living in long-term care facilities for the elderly (LTCF). To date, several scientific publications have revealed a concentration of up to 60% of deaths attributed to COVID-19 in such institutions. Most LTFC residents share the primary risk factors currently associated with increased morbimortality due to the COVID-19 infection. It is crucial to define actions to prevent SARS-CoV-2 spread in this environment, besides the usual measures of social distancing and isolation of the carriers of this disease. This paper proposes strategies for the investigation of this infection in LTCF residents and workers using laboratory tests available in Brazil. The early identification of individuals with SARS-CoV-2, who may actively and continuously spread the virus, allows adopting measures aimed at interrupting the local transmission cycle of this infection.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Anciano , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico , Hogares para Ancianos/estadística & datos numéricos , Neumonía Viral/mortalidad , Neumonía Viral/prevención & control , Personal de Salud , Cuidados a Largo Plazo , Infecciones por Coronavirus , Infecciones por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Coronavirus/mortalidad , Infecciones por Coronavirus/prevención & control , Poblaciones Vulnerables , Pandemias/prevención & control , Betacoronavirus , Betacoronavirus/aislamiento & purificación
9.
An Bras Dermatol ; 94(2): 164-171, 2019.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31090821

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Tacrolimus, for its activity on modulation of collagen production and fibroblast activity, may have a role in the prevention of hypertrophic scars. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate macroscopic, microscopic, metabolic, laboratory effects and side effects of the use of topical tacrolimus ointment, in different concentrations, in the prevention of hypertrophic scars. METHODS: Twenty-two rabbits were submitted to the excision of 2 fragments of 1 cm of each ear, 4 cm apart, down to cartilage. The left ear of the animals was standardized as control and Vaseline applied twice a day. The right ear received tacrolimus ointment, at concentrations of 0.1% on the upper wound and 0.03% on the lower wound, also applied twice a day. Macroscopic, microscopic, laboratory criteria and the animals' weight were evaluated after 30 days of the experiment. RESULTS: Wounds treated with tacrolimus, at concentrations of 0.1% and 0.03%, when compared to control, showed a lower average degree of thickening (p = 0.048 and p <0.001, respectively). The average of scar thickness and lymphocyte, neutrophil and eosinophil concentrations are lower in the treated wounds compared to the control (p <0.001, p=0.022, p=0.007, p=0.044, respectively). The mean concentration of lymphocytes is lower in wounds treated with a higher concentration of the drug (p=0.01). STUDY LIMITATIONS: experiment lasted only 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: Tacrolimus at the 2 concentrations evaluated reduced the severity of inflammatory changes and positively altered the macroscopic aspect of the scar in the short term. Its use was shown to be safe, with no evidence of systemic or local adverse effects.


Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de la Calcineurina/uso terapéutico , Cicatriz Hipertrófica/prevención & control , Tacrolimus/uso terapéutico , Administración Tópica , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Alanina Transaminasa/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Inhibidores de la Calcineurina/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de la Calcineurina/farmacología , Cicatriz Hipertrófica/patología , Creatinina/sangre , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Oído Externo/patología , Eritema/patología , Inflamación/patología , Inflamación/prevención & control , Recuento de Linfocitos , Masculino , Pomadas , Conejos , Albúmina Sérica/análisis , Albúmina Sérica/efectos de los fármacos , Tacrolimus/administración & dosificación , Tacrolimus/farmacología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Urea/sangre , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , gamma-Glutamiltransferasa/sangre , gamma-Glutamiltransferasa/efectos de los fármacos
10.
An. bras. dermatol ; 94(2): 164-171, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001151

RESUMEN

Abstract BACKGROUND: Tacrolimus, for its activity on modulation of collagen production and fibroblast activity, may have a role in the prevention of hypertrophic scars. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate macroscopic, microscopic, metabolic, laboratory effects and side effects of the use of topical tacrolimus ointment, in different concentrations, in the prevention of hypertrophic scars. METHODS: Twenty-two rabbits were submitted to the excision of 2 fragments of 1 cm of each ear, 4 cm apart, down to cartilage. The left ear of the animals was standardized as control and Vaseline applied twice a day. The right ear received tacrolimus ointment, at concentrations of 0.1% on the upper wound and 0.03% on the lower wound, also applied twice a day. Macroscopic, microscopic, laboratory criteria and the animals' weight were evaluated after 30 days of the experiment. RESULTS: Wounds treated with tacrolimus, at concentrations of 0.1% and 0.03%, when compared to control, showed a lower average degree of thickening (p = 0.048 and p <0.001, respectively). The average of scar thickness and lymphocyte, neutrophil and eosinophil concentrations are lower in the treated wounds compared to the control (p <0.001, p=0.022, p=0.007, p=0.044, respectively). The mean concentration of lymphocytes is lower in wounds treated with a higher concentration of the drug (p=0.01). STUDY LIMITATIONS: experiment lasted only 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: Tacrolimus at the 2 concentrations evaluated reduced the severity of inflammatory changes and positively altered the macroscopic aspect of the scar in the short term. Its use was shown to be safe, with no evidence of systemic or local adverse effects.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Conejos , Tacrolimus/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores de la Calcineurina/uso terapéutico , Pomadas , Urea/sangre , Albúmina Sérica/análisis , Albúmina Sérica/efectos de los fármacos , Administración Tópica , Tacrolimus/administración & dosificación , Tacrolimus/farmacología , Cicatriz Hipertrófica/patología , Cicatriz Hipertrófica/prevención & control , Recuento de Linfocitos , Creatinina/sangre , Alanina Transaminasa/efectos de los fármacos , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Oído Externo/patología , Eritema/patología , Inhibidores de la Calcineurina/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de la Calcineurina/farmacología , Inflamación/patología , Inflamación/prevención & control
11.
Acta cir. bras ; 33(12): 1103-1109, Dec. 2018. tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-973490

RESUMEN

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate a possible relationship between the size of the spleen and values of circulating blood elements in patients with schistosomatic splenomegaly. Methods: ixty one patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni underwent a clinical exam and peripheral venous blood was collected for a hemogram. The erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte, and platelet values were determined. All patients underwent abdominal ultrasound to measure the spleen. The hematological test results were compared to the size of the spleen. Results: The size of the spleen varied from 14.0 to 28.4 (19.9 ± 3.7) cm according to the ultrasound image. Thrombocytopenia was observed 58 (95%) patients, leukopenia in 55 (90%) patients, and anemia in 32 (52.4%) patients. Leukopenia was proportional to splenomegaly. Conclusion: Schistosomal splenomegaly leads to leukopenia in direct proportion to the size of the spleen.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Adulto Joven , Bazo/patología , Esplenomegalia/patología , Esplenomegalia/sangre , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/patología , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/sangre , Tamaño de los Órganos , Valores de Referencia , Bazo/parasitología , Esplenomegalia/parasitología , Trombocitopenia/parasitología , Recuento de Células Sanguíneas , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Índice de Masa Corporal , Leucopenia/parasitología
12.
Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol ; 2018: 5970852, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30112355

RESUMEN

Background and Aim: The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) has been proposed as a marker for cancer stem cells in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as well as in the development of novel target therapies. This study aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of EpCAM and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in HCC patients and their association with clinicopathological characteristics. Methods: This study included Child-Pugh A HCC patients undergoing curative surgical resection. Results: A significant difference was observed in the ratio between the different phenotypes (p = 0.002), identifying 12 (29.3%) EPCAM positive tumors and 29 (70.7%) negative tumors. EpCAM+ expression was associated with AFP + (OR = 12.5, 95% CI, 1.9-84.1, p<0.001). In univariate analysis, a significant association was observed between AFP+ and EPCAM+ and the serum AFP level. A diameter of ≤ 5 cm was associated with EPCAM+, while angiolymphatic invasion was associated with APF+. In a multivariate analysis, only tumors of ≤ 5 cm were significantly associated with EpCAM+ (OR = 8.7; 95%CI, 1.27-100.0; p = 0.022). The overall survival rate was 74.9%, 69.4%, 69.4%, and 53.5% at 12, 24, 36, and 48 months, respectively. Conclusion: A considerable number of patients with EpCAM+ HCC would benefit from a specific target therapy.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Molécula de Adhesión Celular Epitelial/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , alfa-Fetoproteínas/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Vasos Sanguíneos/patología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirugía , Vasos Linfáticos/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Tasa de Supervivencia , Carga Tumoral
13.
Acta Cir Bras ; 33(12): 1103-1109, 2018 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30624516

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate a possible relationship between the size of the spleen and values of circulating blood elements in patients with schistosomatic splenomegaly. METHODS: ixty one patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni underwent a clinical exam and peripheral venous blood was collected for a hemogram. The erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte, and platelet values were determined. All patients underwent abdominal ultrasound to measure the spleen. The hematological test results were compared to the size of the spleen. RESULTS: The size of the spleen varied from 14.0 to 28.4 (19.9 ± 3.7) cm according to the ultrasound image. Thrombocytopenia was observed 58 (95%) patients, leukopenia in 55 (90%) patients, and anemia in 32 (52.4%) patients. Leukopenia was proportional to splenomegaly. CONCLUSION: Schistosomal splenomegaly leads to leukopenia in direct proportion to the size of the spleen.


Asunto(s)
Esquistosomiasis mansoni/sangre , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/patología , Bazo/patología , Esplenomegalia/sangre , Esplenomegalia/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Recuento de Células Sanguíneas , Estatura , Índice de Masa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Femenino , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Humanos , Leucopenia/parasitología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tamaño de los Órganos , Valores de Referencia , Bazo/parasitología , Esplenomegalia/parasitología , Trombocitopenia/parasitología , Adulto Joven
14.
Acta Cir Bras ; 32(10): 827-835, 2017 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29160369

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of platelet-rich plasma in the early stages of healing of traumatic injury of the medial collateral ligament in the knee of rabbits. METHODS: Thirty rabbits were subjected to surgical lesion of the medial collateral ligament. Of these, 16 were treated with platelet-rich plasma and 14 with saline (control). After 3 and 6 weeks of treatment, 50% of the animals from each group were sacrificed, and biomechanical tests were performed on the injured ligament to compare the tensile strength between the two groups. RESULTS: Platelet-rich plasma significantly increased the tensile strength of the ligament in the groups treated after3 and 6 weeks. In the group treated with platelet-rich plasma vs. saline, the tensile strength values were 3192.5 ± 189.7 g/f vs. 2851.1 ± 193.1 g/f at3 weeks (p = 0.005) and 5915.6 ± 832.0 g/f vs. 4187.6 ± 512.9 g/f at 6 weeks (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The use of platelet-rich plasma at the injury site accelerated ligament healing in an animal model, demonstrated by an increase in the tensile strength of the medial collateral ligament.


Asunto(s)
Ligamento Colateral Medial de la Rodilla/lesiones , Plasma Rico en Plaquetas , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Masculino , Conejos , Rotura/tratamiento farmacológico , Factores de Tiempo
15.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(10): 827-835, Oct. 2017. graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-886173

RESUMEN

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the use of platelet-rich plasma in the early stages of healing of traumatic injury of the medial collateral ligament in the knee of rabbits. Methods: Thirty rabbits were subjected to surgical lesion of the medial collateral ligament. Of these, 16 were treated with platelet-rich plasma and 14 with saline (control). After 3 and 6 weeks of treatment, 50% of the animals from each group were sacrificed, and biomechanical tests were performed on the injured ligament to compare the tensile strength between the two groups. Results: Platelet-rich plasma significantly increased the tensile strength of the ligament in the groups treated after3 and 6 weeks. In the group treated with platelet-rich plasma vs. saline, the tensile strength values were 3192.5 ± 189.7 g/f vs. 2851.1 ± 193.1 g/f at3 weeks (p = 0.005) and 5915.6 ± 832.0 g/f vs. 4187.6 ± 512.9 g/f at 6 weeks (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: The use of platelet-rich plasma at the injury site accelerated ligament healing in an animal model, demonstrated by an increase in the tensile strength of the medial collateral ligament.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Ligamento Colateral Medial de la Rodilla/lesiones , Plasma Rico en Plaquetas , Rotura/tratamiento farmacológico , Factores de Tiempo , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga
16.
Acta Cir Bras ; 32(5): 342-349, 2017 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28591363

RESUMEN

PURPOSE:: To evaluate the effects of chronic consumption of green tea on body weight and distribution of visceral fat by Computed tomography in female Wistar rats. METHODS:: Wistar rats were divided into control group (n = 5), which received water and feed ad libitum, and green tea group (n = 8), in which water has been replaced by green tea. The animals were weighed weekly and Computed Tomography was used at the beginning (1st week) and end (18th week) of the experiment for evaluating the distribution of visceral fat. The animals were followed for 18 weeks. RESULTS:: There was no significant difference in body weight between the groups. However, there was significant difference in visceral fat area. The green tea group had less visceral fat area at the end of the experiment, 3.67 ± 1.2 cm2, while the control group showed an area of 6.25 ± 2.2 cm (p = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS:: Chronic consumption of green tea leads to decreased visceral adipose tissue area.


Asunto(s)
Distribución de la Grasa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Grasa Intraabdominal/anatomía & histología , , Animales , Femenino , Grasa Intraabdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Modelos Animales , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas Wistar , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión
17.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(5): 342-349, May 2017. graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-837707

RESUMEN

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effects of chronic consumption of green tea on body weight and distribution of visceral fat by Computed tomography in female Wistar rats. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into control group (n = 5), which received water and feed ad libitum, and green tea group (n = 8), in which water has been replaced by green tea. The animals were weighed weekly and Computed Tomography was used at the beginning (1st week) and end (18th week) of the experiment for evaluating the distribution of visceral fat. The animals were followed for 18 weeks. Results: There was no significant difference in body weight between the groups. However, there was significant difference in visceral fat area. The green tea group had less visceral fat area at the end of the experiment, 3.67 ± 1.2 cm2, while the control group showed an area of 6.25 ± 2.2 cm (p = 0.00). Conclusions: Chronic consumption of green tea leads to decreased visceral adipose tissue area.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Femenino , , Peso Corporal , Grasa Intraabdominal/anatomía & histología , Distribución de la Grasa Corporal , Distribución Aleatoria , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión , Ratas Wistar , Modelos Animales , Grasa Intraabdominal/diagnóstico por imagen
18.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) ; 62(4): 315-9, 2016 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27437675

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of nosocomial fungemia has increased worldwide, and mortality caused by this disease is high. OBJECTIVE: To assess progress in the last decade, and the prevalence and profile of fungal agents isolated in blood cultures performed in a tertiary university hospital. METHOD: All the results of blood cultures processed at Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG), in the time intervals 2001-2003 and 2011-2013 were analyzed retrospectively. For each three-year period, the number of collected blood cultures, the overall positivity rate and the percentage of fungemia were recorded. In addition, all identified fungal species were cataloged. All blood samples were incubated in the BacT/ALERT® (bioMérieux) automation system. RESULTS: In 2001-2003, 34,822 samples were evaluated, with 5,510 (15.8%) positive results. In 2011-2013, the number of blood cultures processed increased to 55,052 samples, with 4,873 (8.9%) positive results. There was an increase in the number of positive cultures for fungi in the analyzed period (2001-2003: 4.16%; 2011-2013: 5.95%; p<0.001). Among the agents, candidemias were predominant, especially those caused by non-albicans Candida species (2001-2003: 57.64%; 2011-2013: 65.17%; p<0.05). There was also an increase in fungemia caused by other genera (2001-2003: 2.62%; 2011-2013: 4.48%; p<0.01). CONCLUSION: There was an increase in the prevalence of fungemia in the last decade at HC-UFMG. Although candidemias have been responsible for most of the cases, there has been an increase in fungemias caused by other species.


Asunto(s)
Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Fungemia/epidemiología , Candida/clasificación , Candida/aislamiento & purificación , Candidiasis/epidemiología , Candidiasis/microbiología , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Fungemia/microbiología , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Centros de Atención Terciaria
19.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 62(4): 315-319, tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-787767

RESUMEN

Summary Introduction: The prevalence of nosocomial fungemia has increased worldwide, and mortality caused by this disease is high. Objective: To assess progress in the last decade, and the prevalence and profile of fungal agents isolated in blood cultures performed in a tertiary university hospital. Method: All the results of blood cultures processed at Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG), in the time intervals 2001-2003 and 2011-2013 were analyzed retrospectively. For each three-year period, the number of collected blood cultures, the overall positivity rate and the percentage of fungemia were recorded. In addition, all identified fungal species were cataloged. All blood samples were incubated in the BacT/ALERT® (bioMérieux) automation system. Results: In 2001-2003, 34,822 samples were evaluated, with 5,510 (15.8%) positive results. In 2011-2013, the number of blood cultures processed increased to 55,052 samples, with 4,873 (8.9%) positive results. There was an increase in the number of positive cultures for fungi in the analyzed period (2001-2003: 4.16%; 2011-2013: 5.95%; p<0.001). Among the agents, candidemias were predominant, especially those caused by non-albicans Candida species (2001-2003: 57.64%; 2011-2013: 65.17%; p<0.05). There was also an increase in fungemia caused by other genera (2001-2003: 2.62%; 2011-2013: 4.48%; p<0.01). Conclusion: There was an increase in the prevalence of fungemia in the last decade at HC-UFMG. Although candidemias have been responsible for most of the cases, there has been an increase in fungemias caused by other species.


Resumo Introdução: a prevalência de fungemia hospitalar tem aumentado em todo o mundo e a mortalidade por essa afecção é elevada. Objetivo: avaliar a evolução, na última década, da prevalência e do perfil dos agentes fúngicos isolados em hemoculturas realizadas em um hospital universitário terciário. Método: foram analisados retrospectivamente todos os resultados de hemocultura processados no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG), entre os períodos de 2001-2003 e de 2011-2013. Para cada triênio foram registrados o número de hemoculturas coletadas, o percentual de positividade geral e o percentual de fungemia. Também foram catalogadas todas as espécies fúngicas identificadas. Todas as amostras sanguíneas foram incubadas no sistema de automação BacT/ALERT® (bioMérieux). Resultados: entre 2001-2003, foram avaliadas 34.822 amostras, sendo 5.510 (15,8%) positivas. Entre 2011-2013, o número de hemoculturas processadas aumentou para 55.052 amostras, sendo 4.873 (8,9%) positivas. Observou-se um aumento do número de culturas positivas para fungos no período analisado (2001-2003: 4,16%; 2011-2013: 5,95%; p<0,001). Dentre os agentes, as candidemias foram predominantes, principalmente por espécies de Candida não albicans (2001-2003: 57,64%; 2011-2013: 65,17%; p<0,05). Houve também aumento da fungemia por outros gêneros (2001-2003: 2,62%; 2011-2013: 4,48%; p<0,01). Conclusão: houve aumento da prevalência de fungemia na última década no HC-UFMG. Embora as candidemias tenham sido responsáveis pela maioria dos casos, houve aumento de fungemias causadas por outras espécies.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Infección Hospitalaria/epidemiología , Fungemia/epidemiología , Candida/aislamiento & purificación , Candida/clasificación , Candidiasis/microbiología , Candidiasis/epidemiología , Infección Hospitalaria/microbiología , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Fungemia/microbiología , Centros de Atención Terciaria , Hospitales Universitarios
20.
Rev Col Bras Cir ; 42(1): 56-61, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25992702

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: to verify the effectiveness of the rubber elastic band in the treatment of large wounds of the body wall of rabbits by means of traction of its edges. METHODS: we studied 30 New Zealand rabbits, divided into three groups (n=10): Group 1- healing by secondary intention; Group 2- removal and eutopic repositioning of skin as full thickness skin graft; Group 3- Approximation of wound edges with elastic rubber band. In all animals, we removed a segment of the back skin and subcutaneous tissue down to the fascia, in accordance with an acrylic mold of 8 cm long by 12 cm wide. All animals were observed for 21 days. RESULTS: two animals of groups 1 and 2 had wound abscess. In Group 2, there was partial or total graft loss in 90% of animals. The complete closure of the wounds was observed in four animals of Group 1, six of Group 2 and eight of Group 3. There was no difference between the scar resistance values of groups 2 and 3, which were higher than those in Group 1. The scars of the three groups were characterized by the presence of mature connective tissue mixed with blood vessels and inflammatory infiltration, predominantly polymorphonuclear. CONCLUSION: the tensile strength of the wound edges with rubber elastic band is as efficient as the skin graft to treat rabbits' large body wounds.


Asunto(s)
Técnicas de Cierre de Herida Abdominal , Elastómeros , Animales , Masculino , Conejos , Tracción
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