The influencing Factors of Doctor-patient Shared Decision Making: A Qualitative Study / 中国医学伦理学

To explore the barriers and facilitators of shared decision making, 23 clinicians were selected for semi-structured interviews by purpose sampling and convenience sampling with phenomenological methods in qualitative research, and 7-step of Colaizzi was used to analyze the interview data. Three themes and twelve subthemes were extracted, included: individual factors of doctors (role cognition, perceived outcomes, communication skills, clinical expertise, cognitive bias) , individual factors of patients (general information, lack of disease knowledge, willingness to participate in decision making) and environmental factors (clinical situation, social environment, resources and social influence) . There were many barriers and facilitators in the implementation of doctor-patient shared decision making. It is necessary to scientifically analyze and actively deal with the influence of each factor, and find reasonable countermeasures to promote the clinical implementation of shared decision making.

Heterogeneity of psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation based on latent profile analysis / 器官移植

Objective To explore heterogeneous subtypes of psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation and the characteristics differences of different types of children after liver transplantation. Methods Seven hundred and forty-one children who underwent living-related liver transplantation were enrolled. The self-designed general information questionnaire, Chinese version of 5-Item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) and the parent-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were filled out by their guardians. The scores of five dimensions of SDQ were used as the manifest variables of the model. The classification model of psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation was constructed by latent profile analysis. The latent categories of psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation were analyzed. The influencing factors of latent categories were analyzed by univariate analysis and logistic regression model. Results There were three latent categories of psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation, including peer communication problem group (n=302), psychological and behavioral adaptation group (n=145) and psychological and behavioral adjustment difficulty group (n=294). The first two groups were merged into the psychological and behavioral health group (n=447), which had significant differences in the five dimensions and the total score of difficulties of SDQ compared with the psychological and behavioral adjustment difficulty group (n=294) (all P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that age≤5 years old, primary disease of non-cholestatic liver disease, stem family were the risk factors for psychological and behavioral adjustment difficulties in pediatric recipients after liver transplantation. Female gender, high education levels of parents and high WHO-5 score of guardians were the protective factors for psychological and behavioral adjustment difficulties in pediatric recipients after liver transplantation (all P<0.05). Conclusions The psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation are heterogeneous. Medical staff should pay extensive attention to different characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation with different psychological and behavioral adaptation categories and adopt targeted screening and intervention strategies, aiming to improve psychological and behavioral adaptation outcomes of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation.

The supramolecular organization of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 virions revealed by coarse-grained models of intact virus envelopes

The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is causing a global health crisis and has already caused a devastating societal and economic burden. The pathogen, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has a high sequence and architecture identity with SARS-CoV, but far more people have been infected by SARS-CoV-2. Here, combining structural data from cryo-EM and structure prediction, we constructed bottom-up Martini coarse-grained models of intact SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 envelopes. Microsecond molecular dynamics simulations were performed, allowing us to explore their dynamics and supramolecular organization. Both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 envelopes present a spherical morphology with structural proteins forming multiple string-like islands in the membrane and clusters between heads of spike proteins. Critical differences between the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 envelopes are the interaction pattern between spike proteins and the flexibility of spike proteins. Our models provide structural and dynamic insights in the SARS virus envelopes, and could be used for further investigation, such as drug design, and fusion and fission processes.

Fatal COVID-19 outcomes are associated with an antibody response targeting epitopes shared with endemic coronaviruses

It is unclear whether prior endemic coronavirus infections affect COVID-19 severity. Here, we show that in cases of fatal COVID-19, antibody responses to the SARS-COV-2 spike are directed against epitopes shared with endemic beta-coronaviruses in the S2 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This immune response is associated with the compromised production of a de novo SARS-CoV-2 spike response among individuals with fatal COVID-19 outcomes.

Clinical and pathogenic characteristics of community acquired pyogenic liver abscess / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical and pathogenic characteristics of community acquired pyogenic liver abscess (PLA).Methods:The clinical data of 172 patients in First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University with community acquired PLA from March 2013 to September 2018 were retrospectively collected, including clinical characteristics, distribution of the causative pathogens, treatment regimens and outcomes. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.Results:There were 158(91.9%) cases with fever, 69(40.1%) cases with abdominal pain among 172 PLA cases. One hundred and forty-three (83.1%) were solitary, and 141(82.0%) cases localized in right hepatic lobe. One hundred and six (61.6%) cases were PLA of cryptogenic origin. There were 156 cases underwent etiology detection, with the positive etiology detection of 99(63.5%) cases. Ninety-two (92.9%) cases were infected with a single strain, and seven (7.1%) cases were infected with mixed strains. A total of 115 strains of bacteria were isolated. The main strains included 71 (61.7%) Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), 21 (18.3%) Escherichia coli (EC), among which 17 were extended spectrum β lactamase, and two carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Among the 61 KP-PLA patients, 42(68.9%) cases were diagnosed with diabetes, 16(26.2%) cases with biliary diseases, and one (1.6%) case with malignant tumor. Among the 15 EC-PLA patients, six cases were diagnosed with diabetes, nine cases with biliary diseases, and four cases with malignant tumors. There were statistically significant differences ( χ2=4.307, 4.784 and 8.536, respectively, all P<0.05). After admission, the patients were treated with antibiotics alone or combined with drainage. One-hundred and sixty-seven (97.1%) cases got improved. Conclusions:The clinical manifestations of PLA are atypical, and the dominant pathogens are KP and EC. The risk factors of PLA are diabetes mellitus, biliary diseases and malignant tumors.

A case report of neonatal 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type10 deficiency and literature review / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical features and genetic factors of neonatal 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type10 (HSD10) deficiency.Methods:The clinical characteristics and genetic test results of a child with HSD10 deficiency coming from Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in April 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.The keywords" 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 deficiency" or " 2-Methyl3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency" or " HSD10" , etc.were searched in various databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, Weipu, Embase and PubMed to review the cases collected from all published data until May 31, 2020.Results:The patient was a newborn male who developed symptoms on the first day after birth.The main signs were metabolic acidosis, increased blood ammonia and lactate, and hypotonia.Trio whole exom sequencing in the patient and his parents identified hemizygous NM001037811: c.650G>A, p.R217Q in the HSD17B10 gene that is inherited from the mother.Since the child died on the third day after birth, no further central nervous system examination was performed.The mother of the child has intellectual disability, the sibling sister is normal and the HSD17B10 locus is wild type.By lite-rature reviewing, 5 newborn cases with clear medical records and genetic test results were listed.All patients were male, and had onset of HSD10 deficiency within 1 week after birth.The main phenotypes include metabolic acidosis (increased blood ammonia and lactate), hypoglycemia, hypotonia, and convulsions.All 6 children died in early infancy.The corresponsive HSD17B10 variants were c. 740A>G/p.N247S, c.677G>A/p.R226Q, c.257A>G/p.D86G and c. 650G>A/p.R217Q, which did not indicate the hot spots of mutation. Conclusions:HSD10 deficiency in the neonatal period is relatively rare.The clinical diagnosis is difficult due to the serious condition and short course of the disease.Severe metabolic acidosis, hypotonia, and convulsions in neonatal patients are the main reasons for the poor prognosis, which can be attributed to the hemizygous variation and heterogeneity of the mutation site in male patients.c.650G>A may be closely associated with severe neonatal HSD10 deficiency, but the molecular biological mechanism needs to be further clarified.HSD10 deficiency has a poor prognosis and lacks effective treatment.

Evaluation of antibody testing for SARS-Cov-2 using ELISA and lateral flow immunoassays

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic caused >1 million infections during January-March 2020. There is an urgent need for reliable antibody detection approaches to support diagnosis, vaccine development, safe release of individuals from quarantine, and population lock-down exit strategies. We set out to evaluate the performance of ELISA and lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) devices. MethodsWe tested plasma for COVID (SARS-CoV-2) IgM and IgG antibodies by ELISA and using nine different LFIA devices. We used a panel of plasma samples from individuals who have had confirmed COVID infection based on a PCR result (n=40), and pre-pandemic negative control samples banked in the UK prior to December-2019 (n=142). ResultsELISA detected IgM or IgG in 34/40 individuals with a confirmed history of COVID infection (sensitivity 85%, 95%CI 70-94%), vs. 0/50 pre-pandemic controls (specificity 100% [95%CI 93-100%]). IgG levels were detected in 31/31 COVID-positive individuals tested [≥]10 days after symptom onset (sensitivity 100%, 95%CI 89-100%). IgG titres rose during the 3 weeks post symptom onset and began to fall by 8 weeks, but remained above the detection threshold. Point estimates for the sensitivity of LFIA devices ranged from 55-70% versus RT-PCR and 65-85% versus ELISA, with specificity 95-100% and 93-100% respectively. Within the limits of the study size, the performance of most LFIA devices was similar. ConclusionsCurrently available commercial LFIA devices do not perform sufficiently well for individual patient applications. However, ELISA can be calibrated to be specific for detecting and quantifying SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG and is highly sensitive for IgG from 10 days following first symptoms.

Neutralising antibodies to SARS coronavirus 2 in Scottish blood donors - a pilot study of the value of serology to determine population exposure

BackgroundThe progression and geographical distribution of SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the UK and elsewhere is unknown because typically only symptomatic individuals are diagnosed. We performed a serological study of blood donors in Scotland between the 17th of March and the 18th of May to detect neutralising antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 as a marker of past infection and epidemic progression. AimTo determine if sera from blood bank donors can be used to track the emergence and progression of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. MethodsA pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 virus microneutralisation assay was used to detect neutralising antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. The study group comprised samples from 3,500 blood donors collected in Scotland between the 17th of March and 19th of May, 2020. Controls were collected from 100 donors in Scotland during 2019. ResultsAll samples collected on the 17th March, 2020 (n=500) were negative in the pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 virus microneutralisation assay. Neutralising antibodies were detected in 6/500 donors from the 23th-26th of March. The number of samples containing neutralising antibodies did not significantly rise after the 5th-6th April until the end of the study on the 18th of May. We find that infections are concentrated in certain postcodes indicating that outbreaks of infection are extremely localised. In contrast, other areas remain comparatively untouched by the epidemic. ConclusionThese data indicate that sero-surveys of blood banks can serve as a useful tool for tracking the emergence and progression of an epidemic like the current SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.

IL-17A/lL-17RA reduces cisplatin sensitivity of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells by regulating autophagy / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) on chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin (DDP) and explore the mechanism in light of autophagy regulation.@*METHODS@#Ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells cultured @*RESULTS@#DDP increased the expression of IL-17RA in ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells. Treatment with IL-17A significantly reduced the susceptibility of SKOV3 cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis (@*CONCLUSIONS@#IL-17A/IL-17RA can decrease chemosensitivity of SKOV3 cells to DDP by upregulating DDP-induced autophagy.

Cathelicidin- derived PR39 protects enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 challenged mice by improving epithelial function and balancing the microbiota in the intestine.

The zoonotic enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 can disrupt intestinal epithelial barrier function and in turn leading to serious intestinal and systemic disease. PR39 could effectively inhibit the growth of Gram-negative bacteria, but there is little knowledge of its effects on intestinal barrier function and the microbiota in E. coli-challenged mice. In this study, an intestinal disease caused by EHEC O157:H7 was established, to analyze the effect of PR39 on EHEC O157:H7 induced intestinal epithelial barrier injury and disorder. Interestingly, PR39 attenuated EHEC O157:H7-induced systemic symptoms and significantly decreased mortality and the degree of E. coli shedding in faeces. Furthermore, the infiltration index of macrophages and neutrophils in intestine of the PR39 treatment group were obviously attenuated, along with the level of apoptosis. PR39 treatment group had distinctly improved tight junction associated proteins' expression after EHEC O157:H7 caused injury. Additionally, the sequencing analysis of cecum microbiota showed that PR39 altered the abnormal increase in Bacteroides caused by EHEC O157:H7 and promoted the growth of probiotics such as Lactobacillus. In conclusion, cathelicidin-derived PR39 could effectively improve EHEC O157:H7-induced epithelial barrier injury, and dysfunction of immune and microbiota homeostasis in the intestinal tract, indicating that PR39 could be an excellent potential drug for zoonotic EHEC O157:H7-related intestinal disease.

Oral Administration of Bovine Lactoferrin-Derived Lactoferricin (Lfcin) B Could Attenuate Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Induced Intestinal Disease through Improving Intestinal Barrier Function and Microbiota.

Lactoferricin (Lfcin) B, derived from lactoferrin in whey, has attracted considerable attention because of its multiple biological functions. Zoonotic enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 has adverse effects on intestinal epithelial barrier function, leading to serious intestinal disease. In this study, the EHEC O157:H7-induced intestinal dysfunction model was developed to investigate the effects of Lfcin B on EHEC O157:H7-induced epithelial barrier disruption and microbiota dysbiosis. Results showed that the inflammatory infiltration indexes in the jejunum of Lfcin B-treated animals were significantly decreased. Lfcin B administration also significantly improved ZO-1 and occludin expression following O157:H7-induced injury. Finally, microbiota analysis of the cecal samples revealed that Lfcin B inhibited the O157:H7-induced abnormal increase in Bacteroides. Therefore, Lfcin B efficiently attenuated O157:H7-induced epithelial barrier damage and dysregulation of inflammation status, while maintaining microbiota homeostasis in the intestine, indicating that it may be an excellent food source for prevention and therapy of EHEC O157:H7-related intestinal dysfunction.

Effects of microRNA-16 on pulmonary surfactant associated protein of human alveolar epithelial cell A549 / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective To study the regulatory role of microRNA-16 (miR-16) on human pulmonary surfactant associated protein (SP).Method Human alveolar epithelial A549 cells were transfected by miR-16 analogue,analogue negative control,inhibitor and inhibitor negative control.Blank control group was also set up at the same time.The proliferative abilities of the cells in each group were measured using cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) test.The expressions of miR-16,SP-A,SP-B and SP-C mRNA were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The protein levels of SP-A,SP-B and SP-C were examined using western blotting method.Result RT-PCR showed that the expression of miR-16 after transfected with miR-16 analogue (34.11± 1.79) was higher than the negative control group (1.65 ± 1.07) and the blank control group (1.07 ±0.50).The expression of miR-16 after transfected with miR-16 inhibitor (0.36±0.05) was lower than the negative control group (0.96±0.13) and the blank control group (1.05±0.20).The differences were significant (all P＜0.05),and indicated that miR-16 over-expression and suppression were successfully achieved.Compared with the blank control group,cell proliferation at different time points in the analogue negative control group and the inhibitor negative control group showed no significant differences (all P＞0.05).Compared with the blank control group (1.02±0.19,1.01±0.09,1.01± 0.12) and the analogue negative control group (1.08±0.24,1.00±0.14,1.00±0.05),miR-16 down-regulated the mRNA expressions of SP-A,SP-B and SP-C (0.58±0.16,0.67±0.05,0.61±0.12).On the other hand,compared with the blank control group (1.02±0.19,1.01±0.09,1.01±0.12) and the inhibitor negative control group (1.05±0.22,0.99±0.13,0.98±0.10),miR-16 up-regulated the mRNA expressions of SP-A,SP-B and SP-C (1.66±0.33,1.29±0.11,1.23±0.12)(all P＜0.05).The trends of protein level of SP-A,SP-B and SP-C were related to their mRNA expression.Conclusion This study indicates that miR-16 inhibits pulmonary surfactant associated protein in A549 cells.

Progress in Newcastle disease virus against tumor / 生物工程学报

Newcastle disease virus is paramyxoviridae, Avian mumps virus genus type I, and infects more than 250 species of birds, causing huge losses on poultry farming worldwide. Numerous experiments have demonstrated that Newcastle disease virus has oncolytic activity on tumor cells and can selectively replicate in cancer cells. Thus, Newcastle disease virus is a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. Some human clinical trials achieved good results. In this review, we summarized research progress of the relationship between the structural protein of Newcastle disease virus and virulence, anti-tumor and autophagy of Newcastle disease.

Effect of different types of ISR combined with noadjuvant therapy on postoperative fecal function in patients with low rectal cancer / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective Although intersphinctoric resection is the standard method for clinical treatment of local low rectal cancer, it is lack of control for the occurrence and development of postoperative incontinence symptoms. Therefore, the effects of different ISR on postoperative stool function were analyzed retrospectively to provide guidance for judging the degree of fecal incontinence. Methods A total of 73 cases of ISR patients with low rectal adenocarcinoma treated in the oncology ward, and the outpatient department of our department from January 2014 to November 2017 were retrospectively studied. According to the distance of the tumor from the anal margin and different ISR procedures, 73 cases were divided into three group:group ISR (37 cases), subtotal ISR group (28 cases) and complete ISR group (8 cases). The anus dynamic index, Wexner subjective score of incontinence and multiple regression analysis were used to compare the severity of fecal incontinence in each group before and after operation to determine the function of stool control. Results There was no significant difference in the maximum resting pressure of anal canal, HPZ, the maximum systolic pressure of the anal canal and the Wexner in the three groups. Multiple variable ROC model regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing degree on the function of the stool, and the results showed that the Wexner score, HPZ, the maximum resting pressure of the anal canal, and the maximum systolic pressure had an obvious effect on the ability to control the stool, in which the HPZ correlated most predominately (P<0.01, HR=1.74, 95％CI 1.49- 2.03), and the age and sex factors were not selected in the equation. Conclusions Inter sphincter resection combined with new adjuvant therapy can effectively improve the anal fecal control ability of patients with low rectal cancer. The change of HPZ is of significance for prejudging the severity of fecal incontinence, which is worthy of further study.

A meta-analysis comparing Dosimetric between volumetric-modulated arc therapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for left sided breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective@#To compare the dosimetric parameters of target volumes and organs at risk between volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for left sided breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery by a meta-analysis.@*Methods@#Literature search was performed to include related studies to analyze the dosimetric parameters of target volumes and organs at risk.@*Results@#A total of 11 studies involving 154 patients were included in meta-analysis. There were no significant differences in Dmean, HI of PTV-Whole breast and PTV-Boost. Comparing to IMRT, VMAT increased the conformity index (CI) of PTV-Whole breast (P=0.000) and PTV-Boost (P=0.002). When the mean volume of target volumes was≤634 cm3, there were no significant differences in Dmean, V5, V20 of the heart and left sided lung, V30 of the heart, Dmean of the right sided lung and breast between VMAT and IMRT.When the mean volume of target volumes was>634 cm3, the Dmean(P=0.037), V5(P=0.005) and V20(P=0.030) of the heart in IMRT was lower than VMAT, but the V30(P=0.001) of heart in VMAT was lower than IMRT.IMRT showed significantly lower Dmean(P=0.013), V5(P=0.000), V20(P=0.000) of the left sided lung, and Dmean(P=0.001) of the right sided lung than VMAT.There were no significant differences in Dmean of the right sided breast.@*Conclusions@#There were no significant differences in dosimetric parameters of target volumes between VMAT and IMRT.When the mean volume of target volumes was≤634 cm3, there were no significant differences in dosimetric parameters of organs at risk. When the mean volume of target volumes was>634 cm3, IMRT has some advantages in protection of the heart and lung.

Expression profile of long non-coding RNA in newborn mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To investigate the differences in expression profile of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in retina between normal newborn mice and those with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) to lay a foundation for further study of regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA in retinal neovascularization, and to provide a new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods A total of 48 cleaning grade C57BL/6J neonatal mice were randomly divided into two groups with 24 in each: OIR group and control group. Those in the OIR group were exposed to hyperoxia [(75±2)％ O2] from 7th to 12th day after birth, and then re-exposed to normoxia (room air) for five days to establish a OIR mouse model. Mice in the control group were raised in room air all the time. Retinal tissues were collected from each mouse on the 17th day after birth. Retinal angiography and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining were performed to confirm the establishment of OIR mouse model. Expression profiles of lncRNAs were analyzed by lncRNA high-throughput sequencing and the results were verified by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Based on the expression of lncRNAs and mRNA and the relationship between their genomic locations, potential target genes of lncRNAs were obtained. Gene ontology analysis (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Gnomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were used for bioinformatics analysis of lncRNA expression profile in OIR. T test and Graphpad prism were used for statistical analysis and spreadsheet. Results Retinal angiography and HE staining identified serious retinal damage in the OIR group. In total, 1118 differentially expressed lncRNAs ( ≥ 2.0-fold difference in expression, P<0.05) relating to OIR between the two groups were identified by lncRNA high-throughput sequencing. Results of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR confirmed that XLOC_150632 and XLOC_150636 were upregulated in the OIR group as compared with those in the control, while XLOC_122045,XLOC_100454, XLOC_170009 and XLOC_122042 were downregulated. GO analysis showed that 852, 1148 and 2100 target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs were relating to biological process, cellular component and molecular function, respectively. KEGG analysis showed that the target genes were associated with 36 biological pathways, mainly relating to retinal development, chemotaxis, migration and energy metabolism of vascular endothelial cells. Conclusions lncRNAs are differentially expressed in healthy newborn mice and newborn mice with OIR. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), the potential target gene of XLOC_150632 and XLOC_150636, is related to phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway and may be involved in retinal neovascularization. This might be a potential target for ROP prevention and treatment.

Dynamic expression and mechanism of γδ T cells in the spleen of mouse with experimental autoimmune uveitis / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Previous studies showed that the pathogenesis of uveitis is related to γδ T cells.However,it remains unclear that how these cells are involved in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).Objective This study aimed to observe the dynamic changes of γδ T cells in EAU and explore the role of γδ T cells in the pathological process of EAU.Methods Forty-five C57BL/6(B6) mice were assigned to the normal control group (six mice) and EAU model group (thirty-nine mice).The mice were immunized subcutaneously at 6 spots on the footpads,tail base,and flank with emulsion containing human interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein1-20 (IRBP1-20) emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant.After immunization,the mice were examined for clinical signs of EAU by using a Genesis-D camera.The changes of histopathology were compared by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Mouse lymphocytes were isolated and purified from the spleens of IRBP1-20-immunized or normal B6 mice by using a γδ T-cell isolation kit.Flow cytometry was used to detect the changes of intracellular expression of interleukin-17A (IL-17A),and then transferred the activated γδ T cells into EAU models to analyze the changes of clinical signs and histopathology of EAU.Experimental study program as well as the use and feeding of the animals were authorized by the Animal Management and Use Committee of Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine University.Results The inflammatory symptoms in mouse eyes appeared on day 12 after modeling.The initial changes were fundal blood vessel thickening and minimal inflammatory cell infiltration.Then,multifocal chorioretinal lesions,serious vasculitis and linear lesions were observed on days 16-20,along with abundant lymphocyte infiltration in the vitreous and retinal disorganization.The inflammation symptom scores and the pathological inflammation scores at different time points after modeling had statistically significant differences (F =51.399,P =0.000;F =47.342,P =0.000).The inflammatory symptoms in the eyes began to abate from day 28 onwards.The number of γδ T cells was obviously increased during the inflammation phase of EAU at day 16-20 after modeling,with the number of γδ T cells was (5.67 ±-0.49) ％ and (5.78 ±±0.55) ％,respectively,which was significantly higher than (1.53 ± 0.14) ％ before modeling,with significant differences between them (both at P＜0.05),meanwhile CD69 levels and the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) and secreted IL-17A were elavated.The secretion level of IL-17A was (13.40±0.50)％ and (17.80±2.37)％ on day 16 and day 20 after modeling,respectively,which was significantly higher than (1.53 ± 0.19) ％ before modeling,with significant differences between them (P =0.000,0.001).The activated γδ T cells were transferred into EAU model,the inflammation symptom scores were 1.00 (1.00,2.00) after activated γδ T cells were transferred into EAU model,which was significantly higher than 0.75 (0.05,1.00) of the untransferred group (Z =27.00,P =0.03),and the symptoms of EAU were aggravated.Conclusions The proportion of γδ T cells reaches peak in inflammation of EAU,and the cells are activated.The activated γδ T cells in the EAU model play a immune regulation role by secreting IL-17A.

A study on the roles and mechanisms of miR-20a in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation of A549 cells / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective To study the roles of miR-20a in lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation of A549 cells and the possible mechanisms.Method The miR-20a mimic/inhibitor were transfected into A549 cells, and the cells were stimulated using lipopolysaccharide for 24 h.Interleukin-6 ( IL-6) and IL-8 were detected at mRNA level and protein level using real-time PCR and ELISA method , respectively.Protein expression of apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)、P38、P-P38、JNK and P-JNK were detected using Western blot. Result Compared to mimic negative control group , the levels of mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in the mimic group were all significantly decreased ( P<0.05).Compared to inhibitor negative control group , the levels of mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in the inhibitor group were all significantly increased (P<0.05).The levels of ASK1, P-P38 and P-JNK protein in the mimic group were significantly lower than the mimic negative control group (P<0.05);the level of protein expression of ASK1, P-P38 and P-JNK in the inhibitor group were all higher than the inhibitor negative control group (P<0.05).Conclusion The regulation of ASK1 by miR-20a may play an important role in the inflammation process of acute respiratory distress syndrome .

Clinical study of custom abutment and digital provisional crown in implant denture gingival formation / 中国基层医药

Objective To analyze the effect of custom abutment and computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM) provisional crown on gingival shaping around the implant,and to research the main effect of the custom abutment in the formation of gingival.Methods According to the wishes of patients,fifteen patients were divided into two groups.Gingival molding used CAD/CAM in the observation group(n=7) to design and make custom abutment and provisional crown.The control group(n=8) used the prefabricated abutment and the hand-made self-curing resin temporary crown.Immediately after inserting of final insertion and three months later,pink esthetic score(PES) was calculated in both two groups.Results The labial gingiva curve of the observation group was (1.93±0.27)points,which was higher than (1.56±0.51)points of the control group,there was significant difference between the two groups(t=2.496,P0.05).The PES score of the observation group was (8.50±1.09)points,which was higher than (7.75±1.13)points of the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion The effect of the custom abutment on curvature of facial mucosa is significant.The combination of custom abutment and digital provisional crown can achieve better soft tissue stability and ideal aesthetic effect in a short time.