Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Montrer: 20 | 50 | 100
Résultats 1 - 8 de 8
Filtrer
Plus de filtres










Base de données
Gamme d'année
1.
J Vet Med Sci ; 75(8): 1091-3, 2013.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23535267

RÉSUMÉ

The inactivation effect of a novel photocatalyst on polyethylene terephthalate film on goose parvovirus (GPV), avian influenza virus (AIV) and Qß phage was evaluated. Under a light emitting diode (LED) light (range 410-750 nm), GPV was inactivated by irradiation at 1,000 lux for 6 hr, while AIV and Qß phage were inactivated by irradiation at 150 lux for 2 hr. These data suggest that this new photocatalyst can potentially be used as one of the materials to inactivate viruses in the indoor environment and help us to prevent viral infectious diseases through indirect contact.


Sujet(s)
Allolevivirus/effets des radiations , Virus de la grippe A/effets des radiations , Lumière , Parvovirus/effets des radiations , Inactivation virale/effets des radiations , Catalyse , Processus photochimiques , Téréphtalate polyéthylène , Facteurs temps
2.
PDA J Pharm Sci Technol ; 64(5): 432-5, 2010.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21502047

RÉSUMÉ

Assurance of viral and mycoplasma safety in biopharmaceuticals is best achieved through elimination of animal-derived materials from the manufacturing process. Where this is not possible, the risk of introducing a contaminant through use of the material must be assessed and mitigated. Bovine-sourced serum represents an animal-derived material that is required for certain biopharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Gamma-irradiation of frozen bovine serum was investigated as an approach for mitigating the risk of introducing viral or mycoplasma contaminants. Mycoplasmas in frozen bovine serum were effectively inactivated by gamma-irradiation at 25-40 kGy. The larger viruses tested, respiratory enteric orphan (REO) and Cache Valley virus (CVV), were inactivated completely, while the smaller virus, simian virus type 40, was not inactivated. Gamma-irradiation of bovine-sourced serum is therefore useful for mitigating the risk of introduction of mycoplasmas and many of the viral contaminants found in biologics unprocessed bulk (e.g., CVV, REO virus, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus). This mitigation strategy is not useful for the smaller viruses (e.g., polyomaviruses, parvoviruses, picornaviruses, caliciviruses).


Sujet(s)
Mycoplasma , Virus , Animaux , Produits biologiques , Humains , Parvovirus/effets des radiations , Sérum , Maladies virales , Inactivation virale/effets des radiations , Virus/effets des radiations
4.
Biologicals ; 30(2): 125-33, 2002 Jun.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12127314

RÉSUMÉ

In the production of bone grafts intended for transplantation, basic safety measures to avoid the transmission of pathogens are selection and serological screening of donors for markers of virus infections. As an additional safety tool we investigated the effect of gamma irradiation on the sterility of human bone diaphysis transplants and evaluated its impact on the virus safety of transplants. Model viruses were included in the study to determine the dose necessary to achieve a reduction factor for the infectivity titres of at least 4 log(10) at a temperature of -30+/-5 degrees C. The following viruses were used: human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2), hepatitis A virus (HAV), and poliovirus (PV-1), and the following model viruses: pseudorabies virus (PRV) as a model for human herpesviruses, bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) for HCV, and bovine parvovirus (BPV) for parvovirus B19. A first approach was to determine the D(10) values (kGy) for the different viruses (virus inactivation kinetics: BPV 7.3; PV-1 7.1; HIV-2 7.1; HAV 5.3; PRV 5.3; BVDV <3.0 kGy). Based on these results, inactivation of these viruses was studied in experimentally contaminated human bone transplants (femoral diaphyses). For BPV, the most resistant one of the viruses studied, a dose of approximately 34 kGy was necessary to achieve a reduction of infectivity titres of 4 log(10). We therefore recommend a dose of 34 kGy for the sterilisation of frozen bone transplants.


Sujet(s)
Transplantation osseuse/méthodes , Os et tissu osseux/virologie , Rayons gamma , VIH-2 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 2)/effets des radiations , Virus de l'hépatite A/effets des radiations , Poliovirus/effets des radiations , Animaux , Bovins , Lignée cellulaire , Relation dose-effet des rayonnements , VIH (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine) , Herpèsvirus porcin de type 1/effets des radiations , Humains , Cinétique , Parvovirus/effets des radiations , Température , Cellules cancéreuses en culture
5.
Transfusion ; 41(4): 456-61, 2001 Apr.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11316894

RÉSUMÉ

BACKGROUND: Nonenveloped and thermostable viruses such as parvovirus B19 (B19) can be transmitted to patients who are receiving plasma-derived coagulation factor concentrates treated by the S/D method for inactivating enveloped viruses. Therefore, it is important to develop and validate new methods for the inactivation of nonenveloped viruses. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Suspensions of B19 in coagulation factor concentrates (FVIII) were irradiated with UVC light. B19 infectivity was determined by an indirect immunofluorescence assay using CFU-E, as a host cell, derived from peripheral blood CD34+ cells. The effects of catechins on B19 infectivity and on FVIII activity after UVC illumination were also examined. RESULTS: The indirect immunofluorescence assay estimated the B19 infectivity of samples containing virus copies of 10(5) to 10(11) per 10 microL to be a median tissue culture-infectious dose of 10(0.3) to 10(5.4) per 10 microL. B19 was inactivated by 3 log at 750 J per m(2) of UVC radiation and was undetectable after 1000 or 2000 J per m(2) of irradiation. However, FVIII activity decreased to 55 to 60 percent of pretreatment activity after 2000 J per m(2) of UVC radiation. This was inhibited in the presence of rutin or catechins. Epigallocatechin gallate could maintain FVIII activity at almost 100 percent of pretreatment activity after 2000 J per m(2) of UVC radiation, while B19 infectivity was decreased to undetectable levels, which resulted in >3.9 log inactivation. CONCLUSION: UVC radiation in the presence of catechins, especially epigallocatechin gallate, appears to be an effective method of increasing the viral safety of FVIII concentrates without the loss of coagulation activity.


Sujet(s)
Facteurs de la coagulation sanguine/effets indésirables , Facteurs de la coagulation sanguine/effets des radiations , Infections à Parvoviridae/prévention et contrôle , Parvovirus/effets des radiations , Antigènes CD34 , Précurseurs érythroïdes/virologie , Cellules souches hématopoïétiques/virologie , Humains , Infections à Parvoviridae/transmission , Parvovirus/isolement et purification , Rayons ultraviolets
6.
Dev Biol Stand ; 99: 111-8, 1999.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10404882

RÉSUMÉ

Transmission of viruses by animal sera represents a considerable risk for humans and animals particularly when the serum is used for the production of pharmaceutical products such as vaccines. Procedures applicable for inactivating large numbers of different viruses, both enveloped and non-enveloped, are therefore mandatory. For this purpose we have developed and validated UVC irradiation as the virus-inactivation procedure of choice for serum to be used in an industrial setting. Spiking experiments in foetal calf serum (FCS) were performed by independent contract laboratories and revealed constantly high clearance rates for various viruses such as bovine parvovirus, parainfluenza type III virus, bovine diarrhoea virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus and different forms of mycoplasmas. UVC-treated sera maintained their growth-promoting activities for various cell types (MRC-5, Vero, CHO). Conventional growth curves generated in the presence of 10% and 1% UVC-treated FCS differed only slightly from controls, indicating the lack of significant damage during UVC exposure. Experiments using a sensitive photometric-based acid phosphatase assay (APA), which correlates well with the more tedious cell counting procedure, confirmed these findings even in the presence of minimal serum requirements. UVC treatment of animal sera appears advantageous compared to currently recommended inactivation procedures, such as Gamma irradiation, for at least three reasons: (i) it possesses a high inactivation capacity for parvoviruses, a pathogen that cannot be destroyed easily by conventional methods; (ii) it causes no noticeable impairment in cell growth and (iii) it can be performed in a controlled manner at the production site.


Sujet(s)
Produits biologiques/normes , Sang/microbiologie , Sang/virologie , Virus de la diarrhée virale bovine/effets des radiations , Mycoplasma/effets des radiations , Acid phosphatase/analyse , Animaux , Bovins , Division cellulaire/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Chlorocebus aethiops , Milieux de culture/pharmacologie , Milieux de culture/effets des radiations , ADN/effets des radiations , Virus de la diarrhée virale bovine/croissance et développement , Mycoplasma/croissance et développement , Nitrophénols , Parvovirus/croissance et développement , Parvovirus/effets des radiations , Photochimie , Pyrimidines/composition chimique , Suidae , Rayons ultraviolets , Cellules Vero/cytologie , Cellules Vero/enzymologie
7.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol ; 4(5): 504-8, 1997 Sep.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9302195

RÉSUMÉ

In order to compare protocols for inactivation of viruses potentially present in biological specimens, three different model viruses were treated in bovine serum by two different inactivation methods: samples were subjected either to chemical inactivation with ethylenimine (El) at concentrations of 5 and 10 mM at 37 degrees C for periods up to 72 h or to electron-beam irradiation in frozen and liquid form with doses varying between 11 and 46 kGy. The chemical inactivation resulted in nonlinear tailing curves in a semilogarithmic plot of virus titer versus inactivation time showing non-first-order kinetics with respect to virus titer. The time for inactivation of 7 log10 units of porcine parvovirus (PPV) was about 24 h for both El concentrations, whereas 5 log10 units of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) was inactivated in 2 h for both El concentrations and 6 log10 units of porcine enterovirus (PEV) was inactivated within 3 h. The inactivation with electron-beam irradiation resulted in almost linear curves in a semilogarithmic plot of virus titer versus irradiation dose, reflecting a first-order inactivation. The rate of inactivation was almost twice as fast in the liquid samples compared to the rate in frozen ones, giving values of the doses needed to reduce virus infectivity 1 log10 unit for inactivation of PPV of 11.8 and 7.7 kGy for frozen and liquid samples, respectively, whereas the corresponding values for BVDV were 4.9 and 2.5 kGy, respectively, and those for PEV were 6.4 and 4.4 kGy, respectively. The nonlinear inactivation with El makes it impossible to extrapolate the curves beyond the virus detection limit and thereby predict the necessary time for complete inactivation, i.e., to a level beyond the detection limit, of virus in a given sample. The first-order inactivation obtained with electron-beam irradiation makes such a prediction possible and justifiable. The two methods are discussed with respect to their different kinetics and applicability under different circumstances and criteria for inactivation, and considerations for choice of method are discussed.


Sujet(s)
Aziridines/pharmacologie , Rayonnement ionisant , Virologie/méthodes , Virus/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Virus/effets des radiations , Animaux , Bovins , Milieux de culture , Virus de la diarrhée virale bovine/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Virus de la diarrhée virale bovine/effets des radiations , Cinétique , Modèles biologiques , Parvovirus/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Parvovirus/effets des radiations
8.
J Virol ; 70(9): 6446-9, 1996 Sep.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8709279

RÉSUMÉ

We measured parvovirus replication and sensitivity to X-ray damage in nine CHO cell lines representing a variety of DNA repair deficiencies. We found that parvovirus replication efficiency increases with radiosensitivity. Parvovirus replication is disrupted at an early stage of infection in DNA repair-proficient cells, before conversion of the single-stranded viral DNA genome into the double-stranded replicative form. Thus, status of the DNA repair machinery inversely correlates with parvovirus replication and is proportional to the host's ability to repair X-ray-induced damage.


Sujet(s)
Survie cellulaire/effets des radiations , Réparation de l'ADN , Parvovirus/physiologie , Récepteurs viraux/effets des radiations , Réplication virale/effets des radiations , Animaux , Cellules CHO , Noyau de la cellule/virologie , Cricetinae , Relation dose-effet des rayonnements , Parvovirus/pathogénicité , Parvovirus/effets des radiations , Récepteurs viraux/physiologie
SÉLECTION CITATIONS
DÉTAIL DE RECHERCHE
...