ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Investigate individual and contextual determinants associated with traumatic dental injuries in schoolchildren. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with 739 pairs of parents and children. Parents answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale and a questionnaire on the child's use of electronic devices. Examinations of the children were conducted at the school by calibrated examiners using the diagnostic criteria proposed by Andreasen. Contextual variables of the school were also collected. Multilevel Poisson regression for complex samples was performed (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The individual factors associated with the outcome were children of single parents (PR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.79-2.66), practice of sports (PR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.70-3.22), the daily use of electronic devices (PR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.31-1.81), more than 2 h per day of screen time (PR = 3.84; 95% CI: 1.94-4.28) and chaotic family adaptability (PR = 4.22; 95% CI: 3.44-4.99). The contextual variables were studying at a public school (PR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.02-3.05) and the presence of rigid floor in the school courtyard (PR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.15-3.15). CONCLUSION: Individual determinants, studying at a public school and the presence of rigid floor in the school courtyard were associated with traumatic dental.
Subject(s)
Multilevel Analysis , Tooth Injuries , Humans , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Male , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The present study aimed to investigate associations between the self-perceived dental treatment need and clinical factors, familial characteristics, and school context in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 746 students aged 15 to 19 years in a medium-sized city in Brazil. Data collection involved the use of a sociodemographic questionnaire, an oral health questionnaire, and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales (FACES III) instrument. Clinical examinations were performed by two trained and calibrated examiners (Kappa > 0.80) using the Nyvad criteria. A robust logistic regression analysis for complex samples was performed using a multilevel approach (α = 5%). The individual factors associated with the self-perceived treatment need were dental pain (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01-1.16), the loss of the first molars (OR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03-1.15), and disengaged family cohesion (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01-1.31). In terms of context, attending a public school was associated with the self-perceived treatment need (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02-1.33). Thus, the individual factors of toothache, tooth loss, and a disengaged family, as well as the school context, exerted an influence on the self-perceived treatment need.
Subject(s)
Self Concept , Humans , Adolescent , Male , Female , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Young Adult , Surveys and Questionnaires , Oral Health , Toothache/psychologyABSTRACT
To investigate individual and contextual factors associated with seeking treatment for traumatic dental injuries. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 pairs of guardians and children. Guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, seeking treatment for a tooth injury in the child, and the Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression analysis (p<0.05). The prevalence of seeking treatment for traumatic dental injury was 44.7%. Sociodemographic variables associated were white skin of the child (PR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.08-1.76), mother's age older than 35 years (PR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.50-1.90), married parents (PR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.70-2.23), guardians with more than eight years of schooling (PR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.76-2.23), with adequate oral health literacy (PR = 3.33; 95% CI: 3.01-3.62) and the daily use of electronic devices by the child (PR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.02-1.50). On the contextual level, attending a private school (PR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.02-3.05) and the number of primary care units with oral health teams in the school district (PR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.12-2.38) remained associated. Among the children who suffered TDI, adequate oral health literacy on the part of the parents stood out among the factors associated with seeking treatment.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Tooth Injuries , Child , Adult , Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Multilevel Analysis , Tooth Injuries/therapy , Tooth Injuries/epidemiology , Oral Health , Parents , Brazil/epidemiology , Dental Caries/epidemiology , PrevalenceABSTRACT
ABSTRACT To investigate individual and contextual factors associated with seeking treatment for traumatic dental injuries. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 pairs of guardians and children. Guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics, seeking treatment for a tooth injury in the child, and the Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression analysis (p<0.05). The prevalence of seeking treatment for traumatic dental injury was 44.7%. Sociodemographic variables associated were white skin of the child (PR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.08-1.76), mother's age older than 35 years (PR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.50-1.90), married parents (PR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.70-2.23), guardians with more than eight years of schooling (PR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.76-2.23), with adequate oral health literacy (PR = 3.33; 95% CI: 3.01-3.62) and the daily use of electronic devices by the child (PR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.02-1.50). On the contextual level, attending a private school (PR = 1.77; 95% CI: 1.02-3.05) and the number of primary care units with oral health teams in the school district (PR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.12-2.38) remained associated. Among the children who suffered TDI, adequate oral health literacy on the part of the parents stood out among the factors associated with seeking treatment.
Resumo Investigar fatores individuais e contextuais associados à busca de tratamento para lesões dentárias traumáticas. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 739 pares de responsáveis e crianças. Os responsáveis responderam a um questionário abordando características sociodemográficas, busca por tratamento para traumatismo dentário na criança e o Questionário de alfabetização em saúde bucal para adulto. Análise descritiva e análise de regressão de Poisson multinível não ajustada e ajustada (p<0,05) foram realizadas. A prevalência de busca de tratamento para lesão dentária traumática foi de 44,7%. As variáveis sociodemográficas associadas foram a pele branca da criança (RP = 1,30; IC 95%: 1,08-1,76), idade da mãe maior que 35 anos (RP = 1,70; IC 95%: 1,50-1,90), os responsáveis casados (RP = 1,93; IC 95%: 1,70-2,23), com mais de oito anos de estudo (RP = 2,00; IC 95%: 1,76-2,23), com alfabetização adequada em saúde bucal (RP = 2,00; IC 95%: 1,76-2,23) e uso diário de dispositivos eletrônicos pela criança (RP = 1,26; IC 95%: 1,02-1,50). No nível contextual, frequentar uma escola particular (PR = 1,77; IC 95%: 1,02-3,05) e a quantidade de unidades básicas de saúde com equipes de saúde bucal no distrito sanitário da escola (PR = 1,78; IC 95%: 1,12-2,38) permaneceram associados. Entre as crianças que sofreram TDI, a alfabetização em saúde bucal adequada dos pais foi um fator que se destacou na busca por tratamento.
ABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate predictors of malocclusion in Brazilian schoolchildren eight to ten years of age based on a causal directed acyclic graph model. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 739 schoolchildren eight to ten years of age. Parents/guardians provided information on sleep disorders of the child (Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children) and family characteristics (Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale). The diagnosis of malocclusion was performed by four trained examiners using the Dental Aesthetic Index. Control variables were selected using a directed acyclic graph. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by robust logistic regression analysis for complex samples (α = 5%). The following variables were associated with malocclusion in the final model: sleep disorders (OR = 2.61; 95%CI: 2.43-2.86), mouth breathing (OR = 1.04; 95%CI: 1.02-1.99), non-nutritive sucking habits (OR = 2.45; 95%CI: 2.37-4.85), and obesity (OR = 1.54; 95%CI: 1.02-2.33). Sociodemographic characteristics, family functioning, and premature tooth loss did not remain associated with malocclusion. Sleep disorders, mouth breathing, sucking habits, and obesity are predictors of malocclusion in schoolchildren eight to ten years of age.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background Sleep bruxism (BS) is defined as involuntary jaw movements characterized by grinding and clenching teeth. Objective To verify the association between chronotype, sleep quality, and self-reporting of BS in dental students. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted with 214 undergraduate dental students at a public university in northeast Brazil. The participants answered the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire for the identification of chronotype and another questionnaire regarding daily aspects to collect information about sleep quality, self-reported sleep bruxism, the use of sleeping pills, snoring, concentration during daily activities and energy upon waking. Results The prevalence of self-reported sleep bruxism was 11.0%. In the final model, the eveningness chronotype (OR = 23.00; 95% CI: 2.36-223.84, p = 0.007), habitual snoring (OR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.31-7.39, p = 0.01) and low energy upon waking in the morning (OR = 2.37; 95% CI: 1.96-5.58, p = 0.040) were associated with self-reported sleep bruxism. Conclusion The evening chronotype, presence of snoring, and low energy when waking up in the morning influenced self-reporting of sleep bruxism among undergraduate dental students.
RESUMO Introdução O bruxismo do sono (BS) é definido como movimentos involuntários da mandíbula caracterizados por ranger e apertar os dentes. Objetivo Verificar se o cronotipo e a qualidade do sono estão associados ao autorrelato de BS em graduandos de Odontologia. Método Um estudo transversal com 214 estudantes de uma universidade pública do Nordeste do Brasil. Os participantes responderam ao Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire para identificar os cronotipos e outro questionário sobre aspectos diários em que foram coletadas informações sobre qualidade do sono, autorrelato de bruxismo do sono, uso de pílulas para dormir, ronco, concentração nas atividades diárias, energia ao acordar. Resultados A prevalência de autorrelato do bruxismo do sono foi de 11,0%. No modelo final, o cronotipo noturno (OR = 23,00; 95% IC: 2.36-223.84, p = 0,007), o hábito de roncar (OR = 3,12; 95% IC: 1.31-7.39, p = 0,01) e o baixo nível de energia ao acordar pela manhã (OR = 2,37; 95% IC: 1.96-5.58, p = 0,04) estiveram associados com o autorrelato de BS. Conclusão O cronotipo noturno, a presença do ronco e a baixa energia ao se levantar pela manhã influenciaram o autorrelato de bruxismo do sono entre os estudantes de graduação em Odontologia.
ABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between oral health literacy and family, sociodemographic and dental service characteristics in early adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 740 schoolchildren. The following variables were investigated using validated questionnaires: oral health literary (BREALD-30), sociodemographic characteristics, type of dental service and family functioning (FACES III). Associations were tested using robust Poisson regression analysis (α=5%). Higher oral health literacy was associated with the female sex (RR=1.09; 95%CI: 1.03-1.14), connected type of family cohesion (RR=1.12; 95%CI: 1.05-1.20), rigid (RR=1.14; 95%CI: 1.04-1.25) and structured (RR=1.11; 95%CI: 1.04-1.20) types of family adaptability, more than eight years of mother's schooling (RR=1.16; 95%CI: 1.10-1.22), age of caregiver more than 38 years (RR=1.07; 95%CI: 1.02-1.13) and the use of private dental services (RR=1.06; 95%CI: 1.01-1.12). The level of oral health literacy in early adolescents was associated with sex, family structure, mother's schooling, caregiver's age and type of dental service used.
Resumo Este estudo avaliou a associação de fatores sociodemográficos, familiares e do tipo de serviço odontológico utilizado ao alfabetismo em saúde bucal em pré-adolescentes. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 740 escolares. Foram avaliados o alfabetismo em saúde bucal (BREALD-30), fatores sociodemográficos, tipo de serviço odontológico e funcionalidade familiar (FACES III) por meio de questionários validados. A associação entre as variáveis foi avaliada por meio de regressão de Poisson robusta (α=5%). Um maior alfabetismo em saúde bucal foi associado ao sexo feminino (RR=1.09; IC95%: 1.03-1.14), coesão familiar do tipo conectada (RR=1.12; IC95%: 1.05-1.20), adaptabilidade familiar dos tipos rígida (RR=1.14; IC95%: 1.04-1.25) e estruturada (RR=1.11; IC95%: 1.04-1.20), escolaridade materna superior a oito anos de estudo (RR=1.16; IC95%: 1.10-1.22), idade do responsável superior a 38 anos (RR=1.07; IC95%: 1.02-1.13) e uso de serviços odontológicos privados (RR=1.06; IC95%: 1.01-1.12). O nível de alfabetismo em pré-adolescentes foi associado ao sexo, estrutura familiar, idade e escolaridade do responsável e tipo de serviço odontológico utilizado.
Subject(s)
Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Dental Caries , Health Literacy , Brazil , Oral Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Care , Family RelationsABSTRACT
O alfabetismo em saúde bucal é um determinante social e estrutural de saúde reconhecido por seu papel relevante na saúde bucal e na utilização de serviços odontológicos. Estudos tem abordado esse tema na adolescência porque é uma fase crítica do desenvolvimento humano e requer atenção para mudanças físicas, cognitivas e sociais. Essa abordagem é importante para fortalecer políticas públicas que visem reduzir as disparidades de saúde bucal nessa população por meio de ações promovidas por profissionais da saúde, gestores e pela população em geral. O presente comentário pretende abordar as contribuições do alfabetismo em saúde bucal para a saúde bucal em adolescentes, bem como discutir novas perspectivas de estudos sobre essa temática.
Oral health literacy is a social and structural determinant of health recognized for its important role in oral health and the use of dental services. Research has focused on adolescence because this life period requires attention to physical, cognitive and social changes. This is an important time to focus on youth and we can do this through actions promoted by health providers, managers and the general public. This commentary aims to address how oral health literacy contributes to oral health in adolescents, as well as to discuss new perspectives for studies on this topic.
Subject(s)
Dentistry , Oral Health , Adolescent , Health LiteracyABSTRACT
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the association of contextual and individual factors with Oral Health literacy (OHL) in early adolescence. This is a population-based cross-sectional study carried out with 740 12-year-old adolescents randomly selected by a two-stage probabilistic cluster sampling process from schools in Campina Grande, Brazil. The guardians provided sociodemographic information. Adolescents answered the Brazilian version of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales (FACES III) to measure family functioning, and the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) to measure OHL. Descriptive analysis was conducted, followed by robust Poisson's regression analysis for complex samples with a multilevel approach (p<0.05). Rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The two levels of the analysis were students and schools. Adolescents enrolled at schools with higher grade-retention rate had slightly worse OHL scores (RR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.98 to 0.99). The following individual factors were associated with the level of OHL: the female sex (RR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.10), mother's schooling more than eight years (RR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.19), younger guardians (RR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90 to 0.97) and a balanced family functioning (RR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.14). Individual and contextual factors were associated with OHL in early adolescence.
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de um nanocomplexo recém-desenvolvido formado entre hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina e 1% de tetrafluoreto de titânio (TiF4) após distintos períodos de complexação (12/72 horas) na desmineralização do esmalte bovino in vitro. Blocos de esmalte (n = 60) foram alocados para cada grupo: água Mili-Q, hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina, TiF4 a 1%, hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina + TiF4 1% após 12 horas de complexação e hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina + TiF4 1% após 72 horas de complexação. As amostras foram avaliadas pela microdureza superficial, microdureza transversal e micro-CT. Microscopia eletrônica de varredura / espectrometria de raios X por dispersão de energia (MEV / EDX) foram obtidas. A hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina + TiF4 1% após 12h de complexação resultou em um menor percentual de perda de microdureza superficial em comparação com água Mili-Q, hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina, TiF4 a 1% e hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina + TiF4 1% após 72 horas de complexação com uma ampla magnitude de efeito (de 1,307 a 2,943) e alto poder (84,9 a 99%). Todos os grupos resultaram em similar perda integrada de minerais (ΔZ) obtida por ambas as técnicas de microdureza e micro-CT. O esmalte tratado com os grupos TiF4 e TiF4 + hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina apresentou camada de esmalte TiO2, enquanto a avaliação de EDX identificou Ti. A solução contendo o complexo de inclusão de hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina + TiF4 com 12 horas de período de complexação demonstrou uma capacidade significativa para reduzir a desmineralização superficial do esmalte hígido sob um desafio cariogênico artificial.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Health Literacy , Schools , Brazil , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: TO evaluate the family and contextual factors associated with licit drug use among 15 to 19-year-old adolescents in the school context. METHODS: This is a representative, school-based, cross-sectional study conducted with 746 adolescents from 15 to 19 years old enrolled in public and private schools. Parents/guardians reported on the sociodemographic variables, while adolescents answered questionnaires on drug use, family cohesion and adaptability, oral health literacy and visits to the dentist. Information on school context was obtained at the institution and via municipal publications. Associations between variables were analyzed using unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression models. RESULTS: Prevalence of licit drug use at least once and a pattern indicative of harmful drug use were 39.8% and 15.1%, respectively. After the adjusted analysis of licit drug use at least once, the variables gender (PR = 1.26; 95%CI: 1.01-1.59), family cohesion (PR = 9.81; 95%CI: 1.23-72.54), and average income of the school district (PR = 0.72; 95%CI: 0.57-0.91) remained in the final model. As for drug abuse, only the detached type (PR = 23.01; 95%CI: 2.46-214.87) and separated type (PR = 13.54; 95%CI: 1.40-130.97) of family cohesion remained in the final model. CONCLUSION: Experience with licit drug use was associated with family and contextual factors among the adolescents, while family cohesion was the main factor related to harmful drug use.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Health Literacy , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To investigate whether oral health literacy (OHL) and school context are associated with untreated dental caries on the anterior teeth of adolescents. METHODS A representative cross-sectional study was conducted with 746 students aging 15 to 19 in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil. The guardians answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data and the absence/presence of private health insurance. Two examiners were trained for the diagnosis of dental caries using the Nyvad criteria and the measurement of OHL using the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) (Kappa > 0.80). Contextual aspects of the schools were obtained from the 2017 National School Census. Descriptive statistics were conducted, followed by unadjusted and adjusted robust negative binomial regression for complex samples (p < 0.05). RESULTS The average number of anterior teeth with untreated caries was 0.95 (SD = 1.77). Among individual factors, the male sex (RR = 1.64; 95%CI: 1.24-2.16), inadequate level of OHL (RR = 2.03; 95%CI: 1.13-1.63), marginal level of OHL (RR = 1.87; 95%CI: 1.05-3.33) and not having private health insurance (RR = 1.34; 95%CI: 1.07-1.68) were associated with untreated caries on anterior teeth. Among school contextual factors, the number of students in the classroom (RR = 2.64; 95%CI: 1.78-3.93), number of public oral health services in the district (RR = 0.14; 95%CI: 0.05-0.39) and average income of the district in which the school is located (RR = 0.99; 95%CI: 0.98-0.99) were associated with the outcome. CONCLUSIONS Sociodemographic factors, having private health insurance, OHL, and school context exerted an influence on the occurrence of untreated dental caries on anterior teeth in adolescents aging 15 to 19.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Schools , Brazil/epidemiology , Oral Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Caries Susceptibility , Multilevel Analysis , Sociodemographic FactorsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre alfabetismo funcional e o reconhecimento da palavra "bruxismo" entre adolescentes. Métodos: Foi um estudo transversal realizado em uma cidade de porte médio no Brasil. A amostra consistiu em 375 escolares de 12 anos e 368 de 15 a 19 anos selecionados aleatoriamente. Dois examinadores calibrados (Kappa > 0,80) aplicaram o instrumento de alfabetismo em saúde bucal validado para adolescentes o Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry BREALD-30 e o reconhecimento da palavra "bruxismo" foi utilizado como variável dependente, além de um questionário sobre o alfabetismo funcional (Índice de Alfabetismo Funcional INAF). Os pais/cuidadores responderam um questionário sociodemográfico. Foi realizada análise não-ajustada e regressão logística para amostras complexas(p < 0,05). Resultados: No modelo final, os adolescentes de 12 anos que tiveram mais chances de não reconhecer a palavra "bruxismo" foram os de escola pública (OR = 2,83; 95% IC: 1,79-4,46; p = 0,001), sem plano de saúde (OR = 2,02; 95% IC: 1,21-3,37; p = 0,007) e com menor nível de alfabetismo funcional (OR = 2,66; 95% IC: 1,66-4,26; p < 0,001). Adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos que tiveram maior chance de não reconhecer a palavra "bruxismo" foram os com menor nível de alfabetismo funcional (OR = 3,29; 95% IC: 1,93-5,60; p < 0,001), que residiam com mais pessoas em casa (OR = 2,04; 95% IC: 1,02-4,11; p = 0,040), que tinham pais/responsáveis com baixo nível de escolaridade (OR = 1,97; 95% IC: 1,15-3,36; p = 0,013) e que nunca foram ao dentista (OR = 3,08;95% IC: 1,26-7,52; p = 0,03). Conclusão:O reconhecimento do termo "bruxismo" entre os adolescentes de 12 anos foi influenciado pela presença deplano de saúde e por um maior nível de alfabetismo funcional. Na faixa etária maior, o maior nível de alfabetismo funcional, o menor número de pessoas em casa, a maior escolaridade do responsável e a ida ao dentista influenciaram no reconhecimento do termo.
Aim: To evaluate the association between functional literacy and the recognition of the word "bruxism" among adolescentes.Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in a mid-sized city in Brazil. The sample consisted of 375 schoolchildren, age 12, and 368, aged 15 to 19 years, selected at random. Two calibrated examiners (Kappa > 0.80) applied the oral health literacy instrument, validated for adolescents, the "Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry" (BREALD-30) and the recognition of the word "bruxism" was used as a dependent variable, in addition to a questionnaire on functional literacy (Functional Literacy Index INAF). Parents/caregivers answered a sociodemographic questionnaire. Unadjusted analysis and logistic regression were performed for complex samples (p < 0.05). Results: In the final model, the 12-year-old adolescents who were most likely not to recognize the word "bruxism" were those from public schools (OR = 2.83; 95% CI: 1.79-4.46; p = 0.001), without health insurance (OR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.21-3.37; p = 0.007), and with a lower level of functional literacy (OR = 2.66; 95% CI: 1, 66-4.26; p < 0.001). Adolescents, aged 15 to 19, who had a greater chance of not recognizing the word "bruxism" were those with the lowest level of functional literacy (OR = 3.29; 95% CI: 1.93-5.60; p < 0.001), who lived with more people at home (OR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.02-4.11; p = 0.040), who had parents/guardians with a low level of education (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.15-3.36; p = 0.013). and who had never been to the dentist (OR = 3.08; 95% CI: 1.26-7.52; p = 0.03). Conclusion: The recognition of the term "bruxism" among 12-year-olds was influenced by the presence of a health plan and a higher level of functional literacy. In the older age group, the higher level of functional literacy, the smaller number of people at home, the higher level of education of the person in charge, and the individual's visit to the dentist influenced the recognition of the term.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Bruxism , Oral Health , Adolescent , Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data , Literacy/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Students , Logistic Models , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Age FactorsABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between number of cavitated dental caries in adolescents and family cohesion, drug use, sociodemographic factors and visits to the dentist. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 746 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years from Campina Grande, Brazil. The parents answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data, and the adolescents answered questionnaires on drug use, type of family cohesion and visits to the dentist. Two examiners underwent training and calibration exercises (K > 0.80) to diagnose dental caries using the Nyvad criteria. A directed acyclic graph was created to select the variables to be controlled in the statistical model. Associations between the independent variables and the outcome were determined using robust Poisson Regression analysis for complex samples (α = 5%). Rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. The prevalence of dental caries and cavitated lesions among the adolescents was 92.8% and 41.6%, respectively. The following variables remained associated with the number of cavitated lesions in the multivariate analysis: disengaged (RR: 6.30; 95%CI: 1.24-31.88; p = 0.028 ), separated (RR: 4.80; 95%CI: 1.03-22.35; p = 0.046) and connected (RR: 5.23; 95%CI: 1.27-21.59; p = 0.024) levels of family cohesion, and high social class (RR: 0.55; 95%CI: 0.39-0.76; p = 0.001). In conclusion, this paper posits that adolescents with a lower socioeconomic status, and those whose family cohesion was classified as disengaged, separated or connected, had a larger number of cavitated lesions.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Social Class , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Family Relations , Parents , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Poisson Distribution , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Multivariate Analysis , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Evaluate socio-demographic, family and behavioral factors associated with oral health literacy (OHL) in adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study conducted with adolescents aged 15 to 19 years in Campina Grande, Brazil. Parents/guardians answered a questionnaire addressing socio-demographic data. The adolescents answered validated instruments on family cohesion and adaptability (family adaptability and cohesion evaluation scale), drug use (alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test), type of dental service used for last appointment and OHL (Brazilian version of the Rapid Estimate of Oral Health Literacy in Dentistry). Two dentists were trained to evaluate OHL (K = 0.87-0.88). Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by Poisson regression analysis (α = 5%). A directed acyclic graph was used to select independent variables in the study. RESULTS The following variables remained associated with better OHL: high mother's schooling level (RR = 1.07; 95%CI: 1.03-1.12), high income (RR = 1.04; 95%CI: 1.01-1.09), white ethnicity/skin color (RR = 1.05; 95%CI: 1.01-1.10), married parents (RR = 1.04; 95%CI: 1.01-1.09), "enmeshed" family cohesion (RR = 1.21; 95%CI: 1.12-1.30), "structured" (RR = 1.06; 95%CI: 1.01-1.12) or "rigid" (RR = 1.11; 95%CI: 1.04-1.19) family adaptability, having more than five residents in the home (RR = 1.07; 95%CI: 1.01-1.14) and having used a private dental service during the last appointment (RR = 1.08; 95%CI: 1.03-1.13). CONCLUSION Family functioning and socio-demographic factors influence the level of oral health literacy among adolescents.
Subject(s)
Family , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Oral Health/education , Adolescent Behavior , Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data , Quality of Life , Socioeconomic Factors , Pilot Projects , Dental Health Surveys , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Introdução: A Anatomia Humana é um componente curricular obrigatório na formação dos profissionais da saúde. Trata-se de uma disciplina básica que fornece subsídio para atividades de mais alta complexidade, como procedimentos clínicos e laboratoriais. Nesse sentido, o conhecimento da Anatomia nervosa da face se destaca como importante para a execução de uma anestesia local eficaz e segura em Odontologia. Objetivo: Avaliar a produção científica sobre o nivel de conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentista sobre a Anatomia nervosa aplicada à anestesia local. Material e método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa sistematizada da literatura. Para este estudo foi realizada a busca de artigos em revistas indexadas nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo e Medline, utilizando como critérios de busca as seguintes palavras-chave: Anestesia Local, Conhecimento, Odontologia, Neuroanatomia e Clínica Odontológica, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Permaneceram na amostra final do estudo, 05 artigos, após avaliação da responsividade aos objetivos do estudo. A abordagem do tema é ainda incipiente na literatura e não há estudos avaliando o conhecimento anatômico de cirurgiões-dentistas sobre a anestesia local. Conclusão: Sugere-se que sejam realizados novos estudos, preferencialmente com delineamento experimental, a fim de contribuir para a educação em saúde nesta área específica e reduzir as disparidades curriculares nos centros de ensino superior(AU)
Introduction: Human anatomy is required in the formation process of health professionals. This is a basic course that provides knowledge for activities of higher complexity, as clinical and laboratory procedures. Anatomical Knowledge about nerves of the face stands out as important for running an effective and safe local anesthetic in Dentistry. Objective: To assess the scientific literature about the level of knowledge of dentists about nervous anatomy applied to local anesthesia. Material and method: This study is an integrative literature systematic review. For this study, scientific articles were searched in the databases Lilacs, Scielo and Medline, using as search criteria the following keywords: Local anesthesia, Dentistry, Knowledge, Neuroanatomy and Dental Clinics. Scientific articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish were included in the review. Results: Five scientific articles remained in the final sample of the study, after assessing the responsiveness to the objectives of the study. Scientific production and publication about this topic is still incipient in literature and there are no studies evaluating the anatomical knowledge of dentists on the local anesthesia. Conclusion: This study suggests that further investigation about this subject should be made, especially those with an experimental design, in order to contribute to health education in this specific area and reduce the disparities in higher education(AU)
Introducción: La anatomía humana es un componente curricular necesario en la formación de profesionales de la salud. Se trata de una disciplina básica que proporciona la asignación para actividades de mayor complejidad, como clínicas y procedimientos de laboratorio. En este sentido, el conocimiento de la anatomía del rostro nervioso se destaca como importante para la aplicación de un anestésico local eficaz y seguro en la odontología. Objetivo: evaluar la literatura científica sobre el nivel de conocimiento del odontólogo sobre la anatomía del nervioso aplicada a la anestesia local. Material y métodos: una revisión sistemática de la literatura Integrativa. Para este estudio se llevó a cabo para buscar artículos en revistas indexadas en las bases de datos Lilacs y Scielo, Medline, utilizando como criterio de búsqueda las siguientes palabras clave: anestesia Local, odontología, conocimiento y neuroanatomía clínica Dental, Portugués, Inglés y español. Resultados: Seguía habiendo en la muestra final del estudio, 05 artículos, después de evaluar la capacidad de respuesta a los objetivos del estudio. El enfoque del tema es aún incipiente en la literatura y no hay estudios que evalúen el conocimiento anatómico de los dentistas en el local. Conclusión: se sugiere hacer estudios adicionales preferentemente con diseño experimental, con el fin de contribuir a la educación para la salud en esta área específica y reducir las disparidades en el currículo de la educación superior(AU)
Subject(s)
Dentists , Face/anatomy & histology , Anesthesia, Local , Education, Dental , Anesthesia, DentalABSTRACT
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry (BREALD-30) administered to adolescents. METHODS The study included 750 adolescents: 375 aged 12 years and 375 aged 15-19 years, attending public and private schools in Campina Grande, state of Paraíba, Brazil, in 2017. Reliability was measured based on internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Convergent validity was measured based on correlations between BREALD-30 and Functional Literacy Indicator scores. Divergent validity was measured by comparing BREALD-30 scores with sociodemographic variables. For predictive validity, the association between BREALD-30 scores and the presence of cavitated carious lesions was tested using a multiple logistic regression model. All statistical tests were performed with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS BREALD-30 showed good internal consistency for the 12 year olds and 15 to19 year olds (Cronbach's alpha = 0.871 and 0.834, respectively) and good test-retest reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.898 and 0.974; kappa = 0.804 and 0.808, respectively]. Moreover, item-total correlation was satisfactory for all items. BREALD-30 had convergent validity with the Functional Literacy Indicator for 12 year olds (rs = 0.558, p < 0.001) and for 15 to 19 year olds (rs = 0.652, p < 0.001). Participants with higher oral health literacy levels who attended private schools (p < 0.001), belonged to economic classes A and B2 (p < 0.001), and who had parents with higher education levels (p < 0.001) were included, indicating the divergent validity of the BREALD-30. Participants with lower BREALD-30 scores were more likely to have cavitated carious lesions [12 year olds: odds ratio (OR) = 2.37; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.48-3.80; 15 to 19 year olds: OR = 1.96; 95%CI 1.24-3.11]. CONCLUSIONS BREALD-30 shows satisfactory psychometric properties for use on Brazilian adolescents and can be applied as a fast, simple, and reliable measure of oral health literacy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Dental Health Surveys/instrumentation , Dental Health Surveys/standards , Oral Health/education , Health Literacy/methods , Psychometrics , Schools , Students , Brazil , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Public Sector , Private SectorABSTRACT
Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of individual and contextual factors on the occurrence of toothache in five-year-old children. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 756 five-year-old children from public and private preschools in a city in the countryside of the northeast of Brazil. The sample was determined through probabilistic sampling in two stages (preschools and children). The children included could not have systematic diseases, permanent tooth or orthodontic treatment. Parents/caregivers were required to spend at least 12 hours per day with their children. The history of toothache during the life of the child was reported by parents/guardians. Socioeconomic and psychological questionnaires were completed by parents/guardians. Variables related to social context were obtained from the preschools in which the children studied and the official publications of the municipal region. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression models were used to investigate the association between individual and contextual characteristics and history of toothache. The history of toothache was found for 23.8% of the children. Among the individual determinants, gender of the child, order of birth, and schooling of parent/guardian were associated with toothache in children. The individual variables remained associated with the outcome after the addition of the contextual variables to the model. The type of preschool was the contextual determinant associated with toothache in the final model. Both individual (gender, order of birth and schooling of parents/guardians) and contextual (type of preschool) determinants were associated with history of toothache in five-year-old children.
Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência de fatores individuais e contextuais na ocorrência de dor de dente em crianças de cinco anos de idade. Um estudo transversal foi realizado com 756 crianças de cinco anos de idade de pré-escolas públicas e privadas em uma cidade no interior do Nordeste do Brasil. A seleção da amostra foi realizada por meio de amostragem probabilística em duas etapas (pré-escolas e crianças). As crianças incluídas não poderiam ter doenças sistêmicas, dentes permanentes ou tratamento ortodôntico. Foram incluídos apenas pais/responsáveis que passavam pelo menos 12 horas por dia com seus filhos. O histórico de dor de dente durante a vida da criança foi relatado pelos pais/responsáveis. Os questionários socioeconômicos e psicológicos foram preenchidos pelos pais/responsáveis. As variáveis relacionadas ao contexto social foram obtidas na pré-escola em que as crianças estudaram e nas publicações oficiais da região municipal. Os modelos de regressão de Poisson multinível não ajustados e ajustados foram utilizados para investigar a associação entre características individuais e contextuais e histórico de dor de dente. O histórico de dor de dente foi encontrado em 23,8% das crianças. Entre os determinantes individuais, gênero da criança, ordem de nascimento e escolaridade dos pais/responsáveis foram associados com dor de dente em crianças. As variáveis individuais permaneceram associadas ao resultado após a adição das variáveis contextuais ao modelo. O tipo de pré-escola foi o determinante contextual associado ao histórico de dor de dente no modelo final. Tanto o indivíduo (gênero, ordem de nascimento e escolaridade dos pais/responsáveis) quanto os determinantes contextuais (tipo de pré-escolar) foram associados com o histórico de dor de dente em crianças de cinco anos de idade.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Toothache/etiology , Toothache/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Demography , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Multilevel AnalysisABSTRACT
Introdução: a correta utilização de técnicas e materiais de higiene são alguns dos fatores que influenciam positivamente a saúde bucal. O mal acondicionamento e higienização das escovas dentais podem contribuir para a reincidência de infecções bucofaríngeas. Objetivo: avaliar, in vitro, o potencial de descontaminação de duas diluições de hipoclorito de sódio em escovas dentais. Materiais e Métodos: as escovas foram inoculadas com Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans e Pseudomonas aeruginosa, durante 30 segundos. Posteriormente foram tratadas por 10 minutos com: solução bucal Colgate Periogard® com álcool e 0,12% de gluconato de clorexidina, Água Sanitária Brilux® com 2,5% de cloro ativo diluída em água destilada até a concentração de 1% e Água Sanitária Brilux® com 2,5% de cloro ativo diluída em água destilada de acordo com a indicação do fabricante para desinfecção de frutas e vegetais (0,005%). Alíquotas das soluções foram semeadas em BHI ágar e incubadas a 37ºC, por 48 horas. Foi feita a contagem das Unidades Formadoras de Colônia UFC/mL. Resultados: para as soluções Colgate Periogard® e Água Sanitária Brilux® (1%) não foi observado crescimento de microrganismos, já a solução Sanitária Brilux® (0,005%) apresentou um discreto crescimento para Streptococcus mutans (10200 UFC/ml) e Candida albicans(1200 UFC/ml). Conclusão: o Colgate Periogard® e a Água Sanitária Brilux® (1%) foram semelhantemente eficazes na desinfecção das escovas. O hipoclorito é uma substância de baixo custo, de fácil acesso e um bom candidato a ser adotado para a indicação de armazenamento e limpeza das escovas(AU)
Introduction: The correct use of techniques and hygiene materials are some of the factors that positively influence oral health. Poorly conditioned and hygienised toothbrushes may contribute to the recurrence of oropharyngeal infections. Objective: to evaluate, in vitro, the decontamination potential of two dilutions of sodium hypochlorite in dental brushes. Materials and Methods: The brushes were inoculated with Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa for 30 seconds. They were then treated for 10 minutes with: Colgate Periogard® alcohol solution and 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate, Brilux® Sanitary Water with 2.5% active chlorine diluted in distilled water to a concentration of 1% and Sanitary Water Brilux® with 2.5% active chlorine diluted in distilled water according to the manufacturer's indication for disinfection of fruits and vegetables (0.005%). Aliquots of the solutions were seeded in BHI agar and incubated at 37 ° C for 48 hours. The UFC / mL colony forming units were counted. Results: Brilux® solution (0,005%) showed a slight growth for Streptococcus mutans (10200 CFU / ml) and Candida albicans (1200 CFU / ml). Conclusion: Colgate Periogard® and Brilux® Sanitary Water (1%) were similarly effective in disinfecting the brushes. Hypochlorite is a low cost, easily accessible substance and a good candidate to be adopted for the storage and cleaning indication of brushes(AU)
Introducción: la correcta utilización de técnicas y materiales de higiene son algunos de los factores que influencian positivamente la salud bucal. El mal acondicionamiento e higienización de los cepillos dentales pueden contribuir a la reincidencia de infecciones bucofaríngeas. Objetivo: evaluar, in vitro, el potencial de descontaminación de dos diluciones de hipoclorito de sodio en cepillos dentales. Materiales y Métodos: los cepillos fueron inoculados con Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans y Pseudomonas aeruginosa, durante 30 segundos. En la mayoría de los casos, se observó un aumento en la concentración de agua potable en el agua potable, con una concentración de 1% y agua sanitaria, Brilux® con 2,5% de cloro activo diluida en agua destilada de acuerdo con la indicación del fabricante para desinfección de frutas y vegetales (0,005%). Las alícuotas de las soluciones fueron sembradas en BHI ágar e incubadas a 37ºC, por 48 horas. Se realizó el conteo de las Unidades Formadoras de Colonia UFC / mL. Resultados: para las soluciones Colgate Periogard® y Agua Sanitaria Brilux® (1%) no se observó crecimiento de microorganismos, ya la solución Sanitaria Brilux® (0,005%) presentó un discreto crecimiento para Streptococcus mutans (10200 UFC / ml) y Candida albicans (1200 UFC / ml). Conclusión: el Colgate Periogard® y el Agua Sanitaria Brilux® (1%) fueron similares en la desinfección de las escobillas. El hipoclorito es una sustancia de bajo costo, de fácil acceso y un buen candidato a ser adoptado para la indicación de almacenamiento y limpieza de los cepillos(AU)
Subject(s)
Toothbrushing , Disinfection , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Sodium Hypochlorite , Streptococcus mutans , Candida albicans , Chlorhexidine , Escherichia coli , Bleaching Agents , Anti-Infective AgentsABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate factors associated with sleep bruxism in five-year-old preschool children. A preschool-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 761 pairs of children and their parents/caregivers. Sleep bruxism was diagnosed using a questionnaire administered to the parents/caregivers, who also answered questionnaires addressing sociodemographic data and parent's/caregiver's sense of coherence. Clinical oral evaluations of the children to determine dental caries, traumatic dental injuries, malocclusion and tooth wear were performed by two researchers who had undergone a training exercise (interexaminer Kappa: 0.70 to 0.91; intraexaminer Kappa: 0.81 to 1.00). Descriptive analysis and logistic regression for complex samples were carried out (α = 5%). The prevalence of sleep bruxism among the preschool children was 26.9%. The multivariate analysis revealed that bruxism was associated with poor sleep quality (OR = 2.93; 95 CI: 1.52-5.65) and tooth wear (OR = 2.34; 95%CI: 1.39-3.96). In the present study, sleep bruxism among preschool children was associated with tooth wear and poor sleep quality of the child. In contrast, psychosocial aspects (sense of coherence) were not associated with sleep bruxism.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Sleep Bruxism/etiology , Sleep Bruxism/psychology , Brazil/epidemiology , Caregivers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Logistic Models , Parents , Prevalence , Sense of Coherence , Sleep Bruxism/epidemiology , Sleep Bruxism/physiopathology , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tooth Wear/complicationsABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of clinical oral factors, socioeconomic factors and parental sense of coherence on affected self-confidence in preschool children due to oral problems. A cross-sectional study with probabilistic sampling was conducted at public and private preschools with 769 five-year-old children and their parents/caretakers. A questionnaire addressing socio-demographic characteristics as well as the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five-Year-Old Children (SOHO-5) and the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13) were administered. The dependent variable was self-confidence and was determined using the SOHO-5 tool. Dental caries (ICDAS II), malocclusion and traumatic dental injury (TDI) were recorded during the clinical exam. Clinical examinations were performed by examiners who had undergone training and calibration exercises (intra-examiner agreement: 0.82-1.00 and inter-examiner agreement: 0.80-1.00). Descriptive statistics and Poisson regression analysis were performed (a=5%). Among the children, 91.3% had dental caries, 57.7% had malocclusion, 52.8% had signs of traumatic dental injury and 26.9% had bruxism. The following variables exerted a greater negative impact on the self-confidence of the preschool children due to oral problems: attending public school (PR=2.26; 95% CI: 1.09-4.68), a history of toothache (PR=4.45; 95% CI: 2.00-9.91) and weak parental sense of coherence (PR=2.27; 95% CI: 1.03-5.01). Based on the present findings, clinical variables (dental pain), socio-demographic characteristics and parental sense of coherence can exert a negative impact on self-confidence in preschool children due to oral problems.
Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a interferência de fatores clínicos bucais, socioeconômicos e senso de coerência (dos pais) no prejuízo de autoconfiança devido alterações de saúde bucal em pré-escolares. Um estudo transversal com amostra probabilística foi realizado em pré-escolas públicas e privadas com 769 crianças de 5 anos de idade e seus responsáveis. Questionários de variáveis sociodemográficas, o Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five-Year-Old Children (SOHO-5) e Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13) foram aplicados na amostra. A variável dependente foi autoconfiança e coletada a partir do questionário SOHO-5. Cárie dentária (ICDAS II), má oclusão e traumatismo dentário foram registrados durante o exame clínico. Exames clínicos foram realizados nos pré-escolares por examinadores previamente calibrados (acordo intra-examinador: 0,82-1,00 e acordo inter-examinador: 0,80-1,00). Análise descritiva e Regressão de Poisson foram aplicadas (a=5%). Entre as crianças avaliadas, 91,3% apresentaram cárie dentária, 57,7% maloclusão, 52,8% traumatismo dentário e 26,9% bruxismo. As seguintes variáveis mostraram uma maior média de prejuízo na autoconfiança dos pré-escolares devido alterações de saúde bucal: frequentar pré-escola pública (PR=2,26; 95% CI: 1,09-4,68), histórico de dor de dente (PR=4,45; 95% CI: 2,00-9,91) e fraco senso de coerência dos pais (PR=2,27; 95% CI: 1,03-5,01). Com base nos resultados, pode-se concluir que variáveis clínicas, como a dor de dente, sociodemográfica e senso de coerência dos pais podem interferir na autoconfiança devido a alterações de saúde bucal em pré-escolares.