Teacher Emotion Inventory: validación en una muestra de profesorado español / Teacher Emotion Inventory: validation in a sample of Spanish teachers

Antecedentes: La escala Teacher Emotion Inventory (TEI) es un instrumento que evalúa emociones discretas experimentadas por el profesorado en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El objetivo de este estudio es examinar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión breve española de la escala Teacher Emotion Inventory (TEI-BSV) en una muestra de 567 profesores (65.5% son mujeres), con edades comprendidas entre 25 y 65 años (M = 46.04; DT = 9.09). Método: Tras su adaptación mediante traducción inversa, el profesorado completó una batería que incluía el TEI-BSV, un cuestionario de inteligencia emocional, dos escalas de bienestar subjetivo, una escala sobre burnout y una escala sobre engagement. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron una consistencia interna adecuada de las subescalas del TEI-BSV. Los análisis factoriales (exploratorio y confirmatorio) proporcionaron pruebas de que el TEI-BSV tiene una estructura de cuatro factores con un buen ajuste, frente a la estructura de cinco factores original. Se han hallado evidencias de validez convergente, así como de validez criterial e incremental del TEI-BSV. Conclusiones: el TEI-BSV podría ser una herramienta útil para la evaluación ecológica de las emociones discretas del profesorado en su contexto laboral.(AU)

Background: The Teacher Emotion Inventory (TEI) scale is an instrument that evaluates discrete emotions experienced by teachers in the teaching-learning process. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the brief Spanish version of the Teacher Emotion Inventory scale (TEI-BSV) using a sample of 567 teachers (65.5% women), aged between 25 and 65 years (M= 46.04; SD= 9.09). Methods: After adaptation through back-translation, the teachers com-pleted a battery of tests included in the TEI-BSV: an emotional intelli-gence questionnaire, two subjective well-being scales, a burnout scale and a scale on engagement. Results: The data revealed adequate internal consistency of the TEI-BSV subscales, and exploratory and confirma-tory factor analyses provided evidence that the TEI-BSV has a four-factor structure with good adjustment, as opposed to the original five-factor structure proposed. There was evidence of convergent validity of the TEI-BSV, as well as criterion and incremental validity. Conclusions: The TEI-BSV could be a useful instrument for the ecological assess-ment of teachers' discrete emotions in the context of their workplace.(AU)

Implementation of Flexible Days Off Improves Surgical Resident Attendance of Personal Health Appointments, Perceived Wellbeing, and Sense of Control.

OBJECTIVE: Surgical resident schedules are demanding. Despite ACGME requirements that residents be able to attend personal appointments, many residents put off essential health tasks due to work hours. We designed a method for surgical residents to request a "flex" or personal day utilizing an online system for requesting and tracking. DESIGN: Residents were given 5 days to use during 1 academic year. A float rotation was implemented to cover scheduled absences. We conducted an anonymous REDCap survey pre and postimplementation regarding resident ability to attend personal appointments and wellbeing. The results of these surveys were compared using descriptive statistics, t-test, and chi-square testing. SETTING: Single large academic training institution. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty general surgery residents. RESULTS: Over 9 months, we scheduled 195 flex days and 91% of residents had used the program. The most common uses were travel, time with family/friends, and attending personal health appointments Postimplementation, of residents who needed an appointment, an increased percentage attended a physician (92% vs. 71%, p 0.02), dental (94% vs. 65%, p < 0.01) or mental health (96% vs. 64%, p < 0.01) appointment. A decreased percentage delayed a necessary appointment due to work hours (45% vs. 19.5%, p 0.01), 94% reported improved schedule control, and 100% believed the program was important for wellbeing. When comparing Mayo Wellbeing Index scores pre and postimplementation there was a decrease in the number of trainees reporting high distress (18.8% vs. 29.3%, p 0.03). Postimplementation, our program noted an 80% decrease in the number of duty hours violations (16 vs. 3 violations) and a 12% increase in compliance with the ACGME survey for ability to attend personal appointments. CONCLUSION: "Flex" days offer surgical residents improved schedule control and the ability to schedule essential personal appointments. They are feasible, even within large training programs, with significant uptake in our sample.

Evaluating the Impact of Gender and Race on Otolaryngology Resident Experiences Across the United States.

OBJECTIVE: Otolaryngology residents often encounter work-related stress and challenges during training. Sociodemographic factors influence experiences during residency; however, the impact of race and gender on otolaryngology trainee well-being during residency remains understudied. STUDY DESIGN: Online survey. SETTING: US residency programs. METHODS: An anonymous online survey consisting of 59 multiple-choice questions was sent to 104 directors of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education otolaryngology residency programs to distribute to residents. Respondents were queried regarding demographics and experiences with bias. Residents self-identified gender and race. Black, Hispanic/Latinx, Middle Eastern/North African, and multiracial residents were categorized as underrepresented minorities (URM). RESULTS: Sixty-one US otolaryngology residents responded to the survey, the majority of whom were women (60.7%) and white (62%). Many residents endorsed a belief that receipt of research and training opportunities was negatively impacted by bias due to race (29.5%) or gender (45.9%). More women (27%) than men (13%) reported maximal burnout, and fewer men (17.4%) than women (40.5%) expressed low confidence in ability to independently care for patients. More male (47.8%) and white (31.6%) residents strongly agreed they were thriving. 94.6% of women and 33.3% of URM residents reported being mistaken for a nonphysician, compared to 0% of white male respondents. CONCLUSION: Otolaryngology residents perceived differential treatment based on race and gender, with women and URM residents experiencing greater exclusion and bias, as well as increased misidentification and decreased ability to thrive. Future work includes increasing sample size for generalizability and developing interventions that uphold equity in residency training environments.

Association between chronotype, social jetlag, sleep quality, and academic burnout among nursing students: A cross-sectional study.

Academic burnout in nursing students is a serious problem worldwide that results in emotional exhaustion, cynicism and low professional efficacy. The aim of the current study was to examine the association between sleep quality and circadian rhythm indicators and academic burnout among Iranian nursing students. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 325 undergraduate nursing students studying at Qazvin University of Medical Sciences between November and February 2023. Data collection was carried out using self-report questionnaires including demographic characteristics, The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), reduced-Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (r-MEQ), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Social jetlag (SJL) was defined as the absolute value of the difference between the midpoint of sleep on free days (MSF) and the midpoint of sleep on workdays (MSW). Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate linear regression models. About 31.4% of participants had evening chronotype and almost half of them suffered from poor sleep quality. About 47.7% of the participants had SJL ≥ 2 h. In the multivariate linear regression model, students with evening chronotype compared to morning chronotype experienced more academic burnout in emotional exhaustion, cynicism and professional efficacy. PSQI score was only correlated with emotional exhaustion and cynicism subscales. Increased SJL was a predictor on all three subscales of academic burnout. The findings suggested that evening chronotype, poor sleep quality, and high SJL were associated with increased likelihood of academic burnout in nursing students. Assessment of circadian preference and sleep quality is beneficial for timely identification and prevention of academic burnout in nursing students.

Traumatic experiences, quality of life, and organizational commitment among midwives: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The work of midwives is emotionally challenging. Midwives share moments of joy, when a baby is born, and attend complex events of loss and trauma. Exposure to childbirth complications, emergencies, and loss can affect their professional quality of life and functioning. This aspect of midwives' practice has not been sufficiently researched. AIM: To examine the associations between exposures to traumatic events, post-traumatic symptoms, and personal resilience with professional quality of life and organizational commitment among hospital midwives. METHODS: Participants in this cross-sectional study conducted in 2020 included 131 midwives from three large hospitals in central Israel. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire that examined socio-demographic characteristics, exposure to traumatic events during childbirth, personal resilience, post-traumatic symptoms, professional quality of life, and organizational commitment. RESULTS: The three most traumatic events for midwives were: neonatal death or feared death, maternal death or feared death, and stillbirth. The more frequent the exposure to traumatic events, the more numerous and intense the post-traumatic symptoms. The more numerous and intense the post-traumatic symptoms, the higher the level of professional burnout and compassion fatigue and the lower the compassion satisfaction. Higher compassion satisfaction and lower professional burnout were associated with higher organizational commitment. Personal resilience, country of birth, post-traumatic symptoms, and organizational commitment predicted compassion satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: Midwives' exposure to traumatic events is associated with the onset of post-traumatic symptoms, impaired professional quality of life, and reduced organizational commitment, and is accompanied by burnout and compassion fatigue. There is a need to address this issue in training programs and to develop organizational support and policies to improve midwives' well-being and quality of care.

Burnout and resilience among physical therapy students: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to examine the prevalence of burnout, determine burnout-related factors, investigate resilience levels, and assess the relationship between burnout and resilience among physical therapy (PT) students at King Saud University (KSU) in Saudi Arabia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 153 PT students studying at KSU between January and March 2023. The participants completed an online questionnaire, a Maslach Burnout Inventory, and a Brief Resilience Scale. RESULTS: Low-to-moderate levels of Emotional Exhaustion (EE) were observed in 85% of the participants and high Depersonalization (DP) levels were reported by 34.2%. Female participants reported higher levels of EE and DP, whereas males had a greater prevalence of low Personal Achievement (PA) levels. Approximately 6.5% of the study participants reported high burnout levels (a combination of high DP, high EE, and low PA). Academic stress, followed by sleeping difficulties and changes in the academic year structure, were the most important factors contributing to higher levels of burnout (75.2%, 56.9%, and 43.8%, respectively). Most study participants around (66.0%) reported normal resilience levels. A significant correlation was detected between resilience and 2 domains of burnout (DP and PA), with the correlation being negative and weak for DP and positive and moderate for PA. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, low-to-moderate levels of burnout were observed among the PT students who took part. Related factors that contributed to burnout were academic stress, sleeping difficulties, and academic year structure. A normal level of resilience was found to be significantly related to DP and PA but not to EE on the burnout subscales. Higher levels of resilience can be considered to play a protective role against burnout among PT students. Med Pr Work Health Saf. 2024;75(4).

Radiation therapists' perceptions of participating in Professional Supervision - a pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: Professional Supervision (PS) is a common approach used to reduce the fallout from stress and burnout. It involves monthly face-to-face meetings between a supervisor and supervisee to address well-being and professional goals. This pilot study examines 12 radiation therapists (RTs) perceptions of participating in PS. METHODS: Conducted in the Christchurch Radiation Oncology Centre, this mixed-methods pilot study introduced PS in March 2022. In August 2023, 12 RTs completed a QUALTRICS online questionnaire consisting of 33 questions, including the Supervisor Working Alliance Inventory (SWAI). The SWAI assessed the alliance of supervision from a supervisee's perspective and comprised of 19 questions on a 7-point Likert scale and nine yes/no statements with optional comments. Five demographic questions were also included. RESULTS: All 12 RTs completed the questionnaire, with quantitative results indicating a positive alliance between supervisors and supervisees. RTs found PS to be a safe and comfortable space for reflective practice and support. Thematic analysis of qualitative data from additional comments revealed PS enabled RTs to reflect on career achievements, appreciate highlights of being an RT and consider future career paths within the profession. CONCLUSIONS: Radiation therapists responded positively to PS, suggesting its potential in managing workplace stressors, promoting career advancement and providing dedicated time for reflection, support and guidance. RTs endorsed the efficacy of PS in enhancing their practice and advocated for its widespread adoption among RTs.

Occupational Stress and Burnout Among Healthcare Workers in Saudi Arabia During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a lot of stress for healthcare personnel. They are subjected to arduous and stressful working hours and may contract infection. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the level of occupational stress and the prevalence of burnout among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic and (ii) to identify some sociodemographic characteristics and work-related factors that may influence the level of stress and burnout among such HCWs. An online survey was distributed on social media websites and groups of HCWs in KSA. The survey depended on the stress domain of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the work-related burnout domain of Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). Data were collected using a Google form and then analyzed. Among 478 respondents, 37.7% of studied HCWs reported mild to extremely severe stress, and 47.9% of them reported work-related burnout. Occupational stress and burnout were more prevalent among front-line HCWs (43.9% and 55%) than among second-line HCWs (31.2% and 40.8%). The mean scores of occupational stress and burnout were significantly much higher among frontline physicians and nurses particularly those who are females, of younger age (≤40 years), with few years of work experience (≤15 years), being married, having chronic disease, and those previously infected by COVID-19. HCWs reported a high prevalence of occupational stress and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Establishing policies and guidelines, enhancing working conditions, and providing continuous psychological support and assurance to HCWs are recommended to improve their resilience and increase their coping capacities toward pandemics.

Understanding the relationships among adolescents' internet dependence, reward, cognitive control processing, and learning burnout: a network perspective in China.

Alterations in the reward and cognitive control systems are commonly observed among adolescents with internet dependence (ID), and this impairment is often accompanied by social dysfunctions, such as academic burnout. However, the intercorrelations among ID, reward, cognitive control processing, and learning burnout remain unclear. We recruited 1074 Chinese adolescents to investigate the complex interrelationships among these variables using network analysis. The resulting network revealed patterns that connected ID to the behavioral inhibition/activation system (BIS/BAS), self-control, and learning burnout; these results exhibited reasonable stability and test-retest consistency. Throughout the network, the node of BAS-drive was the critical influencing factor, and the node of self-control was the protection factor. In addition, several symptoms of learning burnout and ID were positively associated with sensitivity to punishment. As revealed by the network comparison test, the network constructed among internet dependent (ID) group differed from the network constructed among internet nondependent (IND) group not only in the edges between BIS and learning burnout but also in terms of the edges associated with learning burnout. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the complex mechanisms underlying ID among adolescents from the perspective of the network relationships between core influencing factors and negative consequences. It validates the dual-system model of risky behavior among adolescents and offers a foundation for early warning and interventions for ID in this context.

Incidence and Factors Associated With Burnout Among Cardiac Anesthesiologists in India.

OBJECTIVE: Many previous surveys have demonstrated a high incidence of burnout among anesthesiologists. The current survey was designed to estimate the incidence and understand the factors associated with burnout among cardiac anesthesiologists in India. DESIGN: Members of the Indian Association of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anaesthesiologists (IACTA) were invited to participate. The survey consisted of two sections: the initial section collected demographic data, work patterns, and factors associated with burnout perception. The second part assessed emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and low personal accomplishment (LPA) using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). SETTING: Web-based survey. PARTICIPANTS: Members of IACTA. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENT AND RESULTS: A high score on EE (≥27 and/or DP ≥10) identified those at high risk for burnout. A high risk of burnout in addition to LPA ≤33 was defined as burnout syndrome. Of the 2,262 IACTA members surveyed, 325 (14.35%) responded. Among them, 162 (49.8%) were classified as at high risk of burnout, and 91 (28%) met the criteria for burnout syndrome. Logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with a high risk of burnout, including <5 years of experience (odds ratio [OR] = 3.53), insufficient external support (OR = 2.87), limited personal time (OR = 1.96), and considering leaving cardiac anesthesia (OR = 3.61). Factors contributing to burnout syndrome were <5 years of experience (OR = 3.83), inadequate workplace colleague support (OR = 1.84), and considering leaving cardiac anesthesia (OR = 2.43). CONCLUSIONS: The burden of burnout syndrome is high among Indian anesthesiologists. Risk factors included younger age, inadequate workplace and external support, limited personal time, and contemplation of leaving cardiac anesthesia. There is a need for various stakeholders to be sensitized and institute necessary measures to reduce the burden and impact of burnout.

Prevalence and factors associated with burnout among junior medical doctors at a South African tertiary public sector hospital.

Introduction: burnout is a syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and emotional exhaustion that occurs due to exposure to stressful conditions over a long period. It can lead to poor job performance, apathy, and lack of productivity. This study looks at the prevalence of burnout in medical interns in a tertiary hospital in South Africa and the factors that may contribute to burnout. Methods: an analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. Medical interns working in Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital in 2019 were invited to participate. The participants filled questionnaire that had demographic information, the Maslach Burnout Inventory Scale, a scale to rate the rotations that they believed contributed towards their burnout and factors they think contributed towards their burnout. Our data was analyzed using Stata. Results: out of a possible 165 potential participants, 101 medical interns enrolled. 95% of the participants reported burnout. Statistically significant factors contributing towards burnout were lack of resources and poor relations with support staff and senior staff. The medical rotation that was reported by the participants to contribute most towards their burnout was internal medicine. Conclusion: burnout in this population of medical interns is alarmingly high. Higher than reported in similar studies in South Africa and internationally.

"I seemed calmer, clearer, and better able to react to challenging situations": phenomenological reflections on learning about mindfulness in health professions education.

It is widely acknowledged that healthcare practitioner well-being is under threat, as many factors like excessive workloads, perceived lack of organizational support, the rapid introduction of new technologies, repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic, and other factors have transformed the health care workplace. Distress, anxiety and burnout are on the rise, and are particularly concerning for health professions' students who must navigate challenging academic and clinical demands, in addition to personal responsibilities. While not a panacea for the systemic issues at play, 'mindfulness practices' have shown some promise in supporting students to navigate stressful environments. Yet despite calls for more phenomenological studies, little is known about health professions students' lived experiences of learning about and using mindfulness in higher education contexts. The objective of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to inquire into the first-hand lived experiences of health professions students by examining their written reflections on learning about and using mindfulness in a higher education context. The study reports on themes identified in an analysis of students' phenomenological reflections written during and following a mindfulness elective course offered at a Canadian University. The analysis revealed four predominant themes: (a) reframing perceptions, (b)'being' while 'doing', (c) witnessing the struggle, and (d) compassion for self and others. In a time when health professionals are increasingly under strain, and systemic reform is needed but slow to take shape, the findings of this study reveal potential affordances of mindfulness for helping students to navigate the myriad of challenges they face. The findings are unique in their in-depth exploration of students' reflections on the experience of learning about and engaging in 'mindfulness practices' in a higher education context. The findings contribute first-hand perspectives to the evolving field of mindfulness education research and generate new conversations about mindfulness education in the health professions curriculum.

Evaluation of Mental Health and Well-Being Among Kansas Pharmacists Post-COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background COVID-19 has profoundly affected pharmacists, causing burnout from heavier workloads, personal stressors, and disrupted healthcare delivery. Research on pharmacists' mental health during the pandemic, especially in rural areas like Kansas, remains limited. Objectives This study aimed to understand perceptions, experiences, and impacts on the mental, emotional, and psychological well-being of active Kansas pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic, including evaluating workplace modifications on mental health. Methods Kansas licensed pharmacists were recruited via email distributions through five Kansas pharmacy organizations and informal referrals among colleagues. After consenting, respondents completed a 15-minute, 28-question survey via Qualtrics. The survey included 11 questions concerning demographics and employment characteristics, along with 17 questions designed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on mental health, structured according to existing literature. Participation was uncompensated, and incomplete surveys were omitted from the analysis. Results One hundred and seven respondents (83.59% completion) represented 3.25% of Kansas's 3,290 pharmacists. They were aged 26-66 (M=38.7), the majority female (72.57%) and white (84.84%), with 14.24 years average practice duration (SD=10.94). Data covered 12 rural and 11 urban counties, with 50.91% staff pharmacists and 22.73% pharmacy managers. Many worked over 40 hours weekly in 13 settings. Findings showed increased workload (24.68%), medication shortages (24.03%), and burnout (24.32%) affecting job considerations. Workplace changes impacted personal mental health, with the main stressors being work-related factors (19.21%), social distancing (18.95%), and health concerns (12.63%). Conclusion This study underscores the pandemic's profound toll on Kansas pharmacists' mental, emotional, and physical health, leading to burnout, job dissatisfaction, and decreased effectiveness. It emphasizes the urgency of organizational interventions.

Police Job Stress, Workload and Burnout in Nigeria: The Tired and Frustrated Cops.

Job stress is a critical factor of concern in police work across the world. While frustrations, exhaustion and emotional burnout in work places, particularly as they relate to police job, have been academically emphasized in more advanced climes, they are marginally addressed in less developed societies like Nigeria. Thus, this paper examines the psychological and physical impacts of job stress, workload, and burnout among police officers in Nigeria. Using a nation-wide cross-sectional survey involving 528 police personnel, this paper notes that the police in Nigeria work longer hours than normal, including working under tensions with poor logistics that expose them to dangers on regular basis. This increases their level of frustrations, exhaustion and emotional burnout in work places besides greatly impacting their service delivery. To ensure effective performance of the police in an atmosphere of increasing complex crime networks, therefore, the study recommends clear strategies for improving police wellbeing.

Assessing validity and reliability of Copenhagen burnout tool and DASS-21 amongst the faculty members.

BACKGROUND: Various tools had been used to measure the level of burnout, anxiety, and depression. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory assesses personal, work or job, and patient related burnout. While DASS21 assesses stress, anxiety, and depression. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the validity, reliability of Copenhagen burnout tool and DASS-21 amongst the faculty members employed in Pakistan. METHODS: This cross-sectional research incorporated 384 medical, dental, and nursing faculty working full time at university. Data for research was collected from January to May 2023. Copenhagen and DASS21 survey were the survey tools used to identify the level of burnout and stress. Reliability of both tools was assessed using Cronbach alpha. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to detect factorial structure of both tools. Pearson correlation was conducted to detect association between various domains. Multiple logistic regression was computed to detect relationship between the domains. RESULTS: From a total of 384 participants, there were 118 (30.7%) males, 266 (69.3%) females. There were 169 (44%) medical, 140 (36.5%) dental, and 75 (19.5%) nursing faculty. Reliability analysis revealed satisfactory results for both tools. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a four-model fit for the CBI, whilst a three-factor model was observed for DASS21. Personal burnout demonstrated positive and significant correlation with work related burnout, and stress, while it showed significant but negative correlation with depression. CONCLUSION: Female faculty displaced higher academic burnout as compared to men. A statistically significant correlation between burnout, anxiety, and depression. Both tools displayed high reliability and validity for the current sample.

An AUA Workforce Report: Data From the AUA Census Regarding Workplace Experiences Based on Gender.

INTRODUCTION: The AUA Workforce Workgroup contributes workforce-related questions to the annual AUA Census to better understand factors impacting the urologic community. This study aims to highlight pertinent gender differences potentially impacting career satisfaction and identify areas in which intervention could improve gender discrepancies. We hypothesize significant differences between males and females exist regarding responses to gender-related AUA Census questions. METHODS: The 2016 to 2021 AUA Censuses were examined to collate gender-specific data between self-identified male and female urologists. Up until 2021, the words male and female were used to define gender. The language was changed in the 2022 Census. Answers to AUA Census questions on topics with potential gender differences were grouped into major categories of workplace treatment and job satisfaction. RESULTS: Females were more likely than males to report negative differential treatment in primary practices (66.3% vs 2.7%, P < .001), felt they had limitations in seeing certain patients due to their gender (25.9% vs 2.4%, P = .021), experience gender bias in their practice (39.3% vs 1.2%, P < .001), and experience conflict regarding work and personal responsibility (95.4% vs 75%, P < .001). Females felt more barriers to professional success (93% vs 75%, P < .001) and felt a lack of control over staffing decisions or scheduling to be the greatest barriers (46.2%, P < .001). In contrast, males felt lack of time (33.7%, P = .060) to be the most significant barrier. Females were less likely than males to report feeling satisfied or very satisfied with their work-life balance (39.9% vs 57.7%, P < .001) and more likely to feel they do not have enough time for personal/family life (57.7% vs 33.6, P < .001). Females were also more likely than males to feel burnout (49.2% vs 35.3%, P < .001), which increased notably between 2016 and 2021. Females were also more likely to carry substantial education debt (18% vs 9%) and feel this contributed to burnout (38% vs 21.6%, P < .001). Notably, males and females demonstrated little difference in average worked hours (h) per week (mean 45.7 h for males, 43.7 h for females) and choosing medicine again as a career (88% males, 83.3% females; P= .143) and urology again as a specialty (93.3% males, 90.8% females; P = .307). CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences exist in career perceptions based on gender. Females report unique challenges in the workplace, and these factors contribute to less job satisfaction. Future work is needed to help characterize and address these differential workplace experiences.

Beyond Burnout: Nurses' Perspectives on Chronic Suffering During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Nurses around the globe have been impacted psychologically and emotionally during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to describe nurses' perspectives on the concepts of compassion fatigue, second victimhood, burnout, and moral injury. Eight nurses were interviewed either individually or in groups of two. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. The following themes were identified: waves of compassion fatigue, traumatization within second victimhood, never the same after chronic burnout, moral injury: nurses couldn't do their best, and connections across concepts. Results showed nurses were most familiar with burnout and compassion fatigue, which remain chronic struggles. Second victimhood and moral injury were more distinct experiences related to traumatic or morally distressing events and likely contributed to experiencing burnout or compassion fatigue. Nurses' suffering heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic and remains prominent three years later. Future research and interventions are urgently needed globally to reduce workplace stressors and promote nurse well-being.

Current situation and relationship between occupational stress, burn-out and sleep quality among ambulance drivers: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the current status of occupational stress, occupational burn-out and sleep quality among ambulance drivers in Hengyang, China and to analyse the relationship between occupational stress, occupational burn-out and sleep quality of ambulance drivers. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: Prehospital emergency centre of third-class hospital in Hengyang, China. PARTICIPANTS: From October 2023 to December 2023, a cross-sectional survey was conducted, with 213 ambulance drivers from Hengyang, China, selected as participants. METHODS: General demographic questionnaires, the Chinese Occupational Stress Inventory, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used for data collection and analysis. RESULTS: Occupational stress among ambulance drivers was positively correlated with occupational burn-out and sleep quality (r=0.528, 0.447, both p<0.01) while occupational burn-out was positively correlated with sleep quality (r=0.394, p<0.01). Occupational burn-out partially mediated the relationship between occupational stress and sleep quality among ambulance drivers, with a mediation effect value of 0.168, accounting for 26.09% of the total effect. CONCLUSION: The sleep quality of ambulance drivers in Hengyang, China is suboptimal, with occupational stress directly predicting sleep quality. Occupational burn-out plays a partial positive mediating role between occupational stress and sleep quality among ambulance drivers. Reducing occupational stress and burn-out is beneficial for improving the sleep quality of ambulance drivers.

Workplace Bullying Experiences of Nurses From Diverse Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Groups.

AIM: To examine nurse workplace bullying relative to diverse sexual orientation and gender identity groups. DESIGN: Observational cross-sectional study. METHODS: Using an annual organisational satisfaction survey from 2022, we identified free-text comments provided by nurses (N = 25,337). We identified and themed comments for specific bullying content among unique respondents (n = 1432). We also examined close-ended questions that captured organisational constructs, such as job satisfaction and burnout. We looked at differences by comparing diverse sexual orientation and gender identity groups to the majority using both qualitative and quantitative data. RESULTS: For the free-text comments, themed categories reflected the type of bullying, the perpetrator and perceived impact. Disrespect was the most frequent theme with supervisors being the primary perpetrator. The reported bullying themes and workplace perceptions differed between nurses in the diverse gender identity and sexual orientation group compared to other groups. Nurses who reported bullying also reported higher turnover intent, burnout, lower workplace civility, more dissatisfaction and lower self-authenticity. CONCLUSION: Diverse sexual orientation and gender identity groups are understudied in the nurse bullying research, likely because of sensitivities around identification. Our design enabled anonymous assessment of these groups. We suggest practices to help alleviate and mitigate the prevalence of bullying in nursing. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No Patient or Public Contribution. IMPACT: We examined differences in perceptions of nurse bullying between diverse sexual orientation and gender identity groups compared to majority groups. Group differences were found both for thematic qualitative content and workplace experience ratings with members of minority groups reporting less favourable workplace experiences. Nurse leaders and staff can benefit from learning about best practices to eliminate bullying among this population. REPORTING METHOD: STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional observational studies.

Understanding time perspective's influence on academic burnout and achievement in Chinese undergraduates.

University students are highly vulnerable to experiencing academic burnout due to various pressures, necessitating an exploration of its causes and effects. Time perspective theory emphasizes how individuals' perspectives of past, present, and future events shape their behavior. Yet, the relationship between time perspective, burnout, and academic achievement remains unclear. This study investigates this association in Chinese undergraduates using survey and official grade point average (GPA) data. Results indicate positive correlations between Past-Negative, Present-Hedonistic (PH), Present-Fatalistic time perspectives, and academic burnout. Additionally, only Present-Hedonistic (PH) and future time perspectives significantly predict GPA. A mediation model reveals misbehavior as a mediator between Present-Hedonistic (PH) time perspective and GPA. These findings highlight time perspective's importance in academic well-being and outcomes, shedding light on the distinct roles of future and Present-Hedonistic time perspectives.