Assessment of biometeorological conditions in Eastern Mediterranean City Adana, Turkey from past to the future.

Human bioclimatic comfort (HBC) is an important subject of climatology in the field of physical geography. Human bioclimatic comfort (HBC) is the feeling of satisfied and comfortable within the ambient atmospheric thermal environment. Earth climate system has been exposed to changes from the beginning, but since 19th century human - induced factors have contributed to these changes. HBC is the combined effect of atmospheric conditions and affected by all the changes in them. Turkey is among the countries in Mediterranean region, expected to develop higher vulnerabilities to the (bio) climate hazards. Therefore, a Mediterranean city in the south of the country, Adana, was chosen as the study area. HBC assessment was made for the past (1961 - 1990), present (1991 - 2022), near (2030 - 2060) and distant future (2070 - 2100) using hourly - data from the official meteorology station between 1961 and 2022, daily data of the climate model scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathway - RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) and Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) index, the Rayman model and Geographic Information Systems in the spatial distribution of HBC conditions. The analysis showed that the prevalence of "cold" and "cool" stresses has decreased while that of "hot" and "very hot" stresses has increased from the past to the present in Adana. It is predicted that present conditions will continue in the near and distant future, all comfort ranges will increase to the following warm range and the ideal period for HBC conditions will be the winter season. In order to reduce the adverse HBC conditions in cities due to climate change by creating climate resilient, sustainable and healthy cities, urban design and planning principles should be followed from a geographical point of view.

Investigation the relationship between causes of death and thermal comfort conditions: the sample of Amasya Province.

Despite many advances in medicine, there is still a strong relationship between human health and atmospheric conditions. This study determines the effects of thermal comfort conditions on the causes of death in the province of Amasya, which is located in the Mediterranean basin. Meteorological data and monthly mortality data were used as material. As a method, thermal comfort conditions were determined by the Rayman model according to the PET index. Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression analysis methods were used to determine the effects of air temperature and thermal comfort conditions on the causes of death. In conclusion, it has been determined that thermal comfort conditions are effective on the total number of deaths, deaths due to external injuries and poisonings, deaths due to circulatory, and respiratory system diseases, but not for deaths due to other causes. These findings are important for early warning systems, preventive, and protective measures in health systems.

Evaluation of the relationship between thermal comfort conditions and respiratory diseases in Amasya City, Turkey.

Aim: Studies examining the relationship between thermal comfort conditions-the state of feeling insulated against atmospheric factors in the environment-and diseases have been very limited. In Turkey, which is in the transition zone of air masses in middle latitudes, thermal comfort conditions change frequently due to sudden weather changes. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between thermal comfort conditions and respiratory diseases in Amasya, an exemplary Turkish city in the Black Sea Region of Turkey. Subject and methods: To determine the thermal comfort conditions in the study between 2017 and 2019, the PET (physiologically equivalent temperature) index obtained from the RayMan model was used for data including hourly air temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), wind velocity (m/s), and cloud cover (octa). Daily air temperature data were also obtained. The relationship between PET values and air temperature and respiratory disease hospital admissions was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. Results: The results revealed a very high negative correlation between both thermal comfort conditions (PET) and air temperature and respiratory diseases (p < 0.000). The results show that with an increase of 1 °C in thermal comfort conditions (PET), hospital admissions due to respiratory diseases will decrease by approximately 64 to 67 patients. It is predicted that the number of patients will decrease by approximately 89 to 94 with an increase of 1 °C in air temperature. Conclusion: These findings can be informative and serve as guidance for decision-makers in efforts to protect public health, for preventive medicine studies, and for studies on the effects of climate change on human health.

Evaluation of the Effects of Thermal Comfort Conditions on Cardiovascular Diseases in Amasya City, Turkey.

Aim: Studies fall short when it comes to determining the relationship between thermal comfort and cardiovascular diseases. Studies examining the relationship between thermal comfort conditions and human health in Turkey, located in the transition zone of air masses at mid-latitudes, are quite limited. This is the first study conducted in Turkey that deals with thermal comfort conditions and CVDs, which is the leading cause of death. This study aimed to examine the relationship between thermal comfort conditions and CVDs of Amasya, a medium-sized exemplary Turkish city. Subject and methods: To determine the thermal comfort conditions in the study area between 2014-2019, the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) index obtained from the Rayman model, which uses hourly air temperature (ºC), relative humidity (%), wind speed (m/s), and cloud cover (octa) data, was used. The relationship between PET values and CVDs was determined by Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. Results: The study indicated a negative, high, and moderate correlation between PET values and cardiovascular diseases (p < 0.001). The results show that when PET values increase by 1 ºC, patient admissions will decrease by about 104 to 108 patients (-104.737 to -108.619 units.). Conclusion: These results can be informative and guiding for both the protection of public health and studies on climate change and human health.