Prevalence of metacarpophalangeal sesamoid bones of the hand in Turkish population.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the prevalence and location of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) sesamoid bones using computed tomography (CT) images. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 767 hands of 735 patients (503 males, 232 females; mean age: 36.9±17.0 years; range, 18 to 105 years) obtained from picture archiving and communication system were retrospectively analyzed between January 2016 and December 2019. The sesamoid bones of MCP joints I, II, III, IV, and V were recorded. Data including age, sex, side, number, pathologies, and location of the sesamoid bones were recorded. RESULTS: The prevalence of sesamoid bones was found to be 100%, 37.61%, 1.17%, 0.5%, and 80% in MCP I, II, III, IV, and V, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the sex of the patient and presence of sesamoid bone at MCP II or MCP V (p>0.970 and p=0.176, respectively). The presence of sesamoid bone at MCP II was statistically significantly correlated with the presence of sesamoid bone at MCP V (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the side and sesamoid prevalence in the remaining 703 patients (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MCP V sesamoid bone is higher than previous studies from our country. The CT of hand can be used to determine sesamoid fractures and degenerative conditions of sesamoids.

Protective effects of ghrelin on kidney tissue in rats with partial ureteral obstruction

Background/aim: The aim was to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of ghrelin, which has antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity, on preventing kidney damage that occurs by induced partial ureteral obstruction in rats Materials and methods: Twenty-eight adult male rats were included in the study, and the rats were divided into 4 groups. After the laparotomy operation on the sham group, the ureter was identified in the retroperitoneal area and was duly sutured (n = 7). Ghrelin was administered for seven days intraperitoneally, and after the nephrectomy performed on the 15th day, the rats were sacrificed (n = 7). A partial ureteral obstruction was performed after the laparotomy on the PUO group. The rats were sacrificed after the nephrectomy operation performed on the 15th day (n = 7). A partial ureteral obstruction was formed after the laparotomy followed by seven days of waiting in the PUO + ghrelin group. Ghrelin was given in the dose of 10 ng/kg per day intraperitoneally for the next 7 days, and the rats were sacrificed after the nephrectomy operation performed on the 15th day (n = 7). All groups were evaluated for histological damage and catalase, superoxide dismutase, total glutathione, malondialdehyde, and myeloperoxidase levels were measured in the same tissues Results: When the 2nd group and the sham group were compared histologically, it was observed that the damage had increased by a statistically significant level in the partial ureteral obstruction group (P = 0.001). When the group which was ghrelin-treated after the partial ureteral obstruction was compared to the group with just partial ureteral obstruction, the histopathological changes were found to decrease significantly in that group (P = 0.001). While the statistical significance of the levels of CAT, GSH, and MPO enzymes was detected among biochemical changes in the 2nd group when compared to the sham group (P < 0.01), the 3rd group showed a statistically significant difference in the levels of SOD and GSH enzymes compared to the 4th group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ghrelin administration to rats after the formation of an experimental partial unilateral ureteral obstruction reduces tissue damage due to ghrelin's antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. Ghrelin administration may prevent tissue damage biochemically and histopathologically in obstructive uropathy cases