HLA-DQ2/DQ8 frequency in adult patients with celiac disease, their first-degree relatives, and normal population in Turkey.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Celiac disease is an autoimmune, familial disease that results in susceptibility to gluten in cereal and cereal products in genetically susceptible individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of HLA-DQ2/DQ8 in patients with celiac disease, their first-degree relatives, and healthy community. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HLA-DQ2/DQ8 analysis was performed in adult patients with celiac disease >18 years old (94 patients), their first-degree relatives (89 people), and healthy group (102 individuals). Anemia, osteoporosis, and diarrhea were interrogated in the celiac patient group and also anti-tissue transglutaminase, anti-endomysium, and anti-gliadin antibodies were recorded. RESULTS: There was a significant relationship between HLA-DQ2/DQ8 presence in all groups, and the distribution of HLA-DQ2/DQ8 in all groups was different (p=0.000). No statistically significant correlation was found between the HLA tissue groups and diarrhea (p=0.087), osteoporosis (p=0.215), anemia (p=1.000), tissue transglutaminase antibodies (p=0.295), anti-gliadin antibodies (p=0.104), and anti-endomysium antibodies (p=0.243) in the celiac patient group. CONCLUSION: HLA-DQ2/DQ8 can be used to diagnose celiac disease particularly when the tests are useless and to screen first-degree relatives.

Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp: a rare kind of benign polyp to be cured with endoscopic and/or surgical removal / Pólipo cloacogênico inflamatório: um raro tipo de pólipo benigno a ser curado por remoção endoscópica e/ou cirúrgica

Abstract Background Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp is a very rare kind of benign polyp which occurs in the anal transitional zone and lower rectum. These polyps arise in association with various conditions (e.g., internal hemorrhoids, diverticulosis, colorectal tumors, and Crohn's disease) in which mucosal injury is the underlying pathogenic mechanism. Case report A 24-year-old male patient applied to emergency department with bloody defecation for a month. A polyp that is 1.5 cm in size had been observed at rectum and anal verge junction during colonoscopy, pathological diagnosis was inflammatory cloacogenic polyp. Thereupon, colonoscopic polypectomy was performed as the malignant transformation possibility. Conclusion Polyps of the anorectal junction with inflammatory appearance might be inflammatory cloacogenic polyps with malignant transformation potential that must be treated by endoscopic removal or surgery and followed up routinely with colonoscopic surveillance.

Resumo Experiência Pólipos cloacogênicos inflamatórios constituem um tipo muito raro de pólipo benigno, com ocorrência na zona de transição anal e reto baixo. Esses pólipos surgem em associação com diversos distúrbios (p. ex., hemorroidas internas, diverticulose, tumores colorretais, e doença de Crohn) nos quais a lesão à mucosa é o mecanismo patogênico subjacente. Relato de caso Paciente, gênero masculino, 24 anos, compareceu ao serviço de emergência com defecação sanguinolenta com duração de um mês. Durante a colonoscopia, foi observado um pólipo medindo 1,5 cm de diâmetro no reto e na junção da borda anal; foi estabelecido um diagnóstico patológico de pólipo cloacogênico inflamatório. Subsequentemente, foi realizada polipectomia colonoscópica, diante do potencial de transformação maligna. Conclusão Pólipos da junção anorretal com aspecto inflamatório podem ser pólipos cloacogênicos inflamatórios com potencial para transformação maligna, devendo ser tratados por remoção endoscópica ou cirúrgica e monitorados periodicamente com vigilância colonoscópica.

Complete Eradication of Bleeding Duodenal Varices with Endoscopic Polydocanol Sclerotherapy.

Bleeding from duodenal varices is a rare complication of portal hypertension, occurring in only 0.4% of these patients and is often life-threatening because of the difficulty in diagnosis and treatment. Treatment options include surgical procedures and endoscopic and endovascular treatments. A 48-year-old female cirrhotic patient was admitted to our clinic with upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract bleeding. Endoscopic examination revealed nonbleeding Lm, Cb, RC (+), F3-F3-F2 esophageal and nodular-bleeding-oozing duodenal varices. Esophageal varices were eradicated with band ligation at two sessions. After one session of 2% polydocanol sclerotheraphy, no signs of bleeding were determined. Complete eradication was achieved after five sessions and 1 year apart from the initial treatment duodenal varices were eradicated. Although duodenal varices are rare, they are frequently fatal. There are limited data regarding optimal treatment. Successful treatment depends both on patient factors (hepatic synthetic function, comorbidities, size/location of the varices) and center expertise. Long-term eradication is variable and may depend on the cause and extensiveness of the ectopic varices. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Temel T, Aktas A, Ozgenel SM, Özakyol A. Complete Eradication of Bleeding Duodenal Varices with Endoscopic Polydocanol Sclerotherapy. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2016;6(2):176-178.

Abdominal Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor: A Rare Case.

An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, also known as inflammatory pseudotumor, is a rare neoplasm characterized by myofibroblastic spindle and inflammatory cells that cause masses in many sites of body. It is often benign, but in some cases neoplastic transformation has been reported as a result of aggressive growing. In our case, an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor was reported by biopsy of a 25 × 15 cm abdominal mass. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Tastekin F, Ersoy M, Temel T, Ozgenel SM, Canaz F, Özakyol A. Abdominal Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor: A Rare Case. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2016;6(2):183-185.