Low Incidence and Mortality by SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Healthcare Workers in a Health National Center in Mexico: Successful Establishment of an Occupational Medicine Program.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Healthcare workers (HCWs) constitute a population which is significantly affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection worldwide. In Mexico, the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER) is the principal national reference of respiratory diseases. Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of the INER-POL-TRAB-COVID19 program to mitigate the SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among the INER-healthcare workers (INER-HCW). Methods: Currently, the INER has 250 beds and 200 respiratory ventilators to support COVID-19 patients in critical condition. On March 1st, 2020, the INER-POL-TRAB-COVID19 program was launched to mitigate the SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among the INER-HCW. Findings: From March 1st to October 1st, 2020, 71.5% of INER-HCWs were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection, and 77% of them were frontline workers. Among the tested INER-HCWs, 10.4% were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nonetheless, nosocomial infection represented only 3.8% of the cases and the mortality was null. Fifty-three of INER-HCWs positive to SARS-CoV-2 had a negative test 42-56 days post-diagnosis and were returned to service. Finally, although a change in the PPE implemented on May 11th, 2020, the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was not affected. Conclusion: INER has a lower incidence of HCWs infected with SARS-CoV-2 as compared to the mean of the national report. The implementation of the INER-POL-TRAB-COVID19 program is efficient to decrease the risk of infection among the HCWs. Our findings suggest that the implementation of a similar program at a national level can be helpful to provide a safe environment to HCWs and to prevent the collapse of health institutions.

[Familial pulmonary fibrosis in 2 Mexican sisters with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome]. / Fibrosis pulmonar familiar en 2 hermanas mexicanas con síndrome de Hermansky-Pudlak.

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder commonly found in individuals of Puerto Rican ancestry. We present 2 cases of familial pulmonary fibrosis in 2 Mexican sisters with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Pulmonary fibrosis was biopsy-proven in 1 of the patients. This report shows that Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome may occur in individuals of Mexican ancestry.

Prevalencia de iiabetes mellitus en pacientes con fibrosis pulmonar idiopática

La prevalencia de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) en México es del 10%. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de DM2 en pacientes con fibrosis pulmonar idiopática (FPI), neumonitis por hipersensibilidad (NH) y cáncer pulmonar (CP) en la ciudad de México. Casos: 136 pacientes con FPI; controles: 53 pacientes con NH y 263 con CP. El diagnóstico de DM2 se basó en dos glicemias en ayuno por arriba de 126mg/dL. Resultados: Veintinueve pacientes (21.3%) con FPI, 4 (7.5%) con NH y 25 (9.5%) con CP, tuvieron DM2, con una prevalencia significativamente mayor en la FPI en relación con la NH razón de momios 3.3 (intervalo de confianza 95% 1.1-9.6) p < 0.01 y con CP [razón de momios 2.5 (intervalo de confianza 95% 1.4-4.6) p<0.01]. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en relación con el género, obesidad y nivel socioeconómico Conclusión: La prevalencia de DM2 en FPI, es mayor que en los controles y en la población general. La obesidad, género y nivel socioeconómico no influyeron en la DM2.

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in Mexico is 10%. Objective: to describe the prevalence of DM2 in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) and lung cancer patients (LC) in Mexico City. Cases: 136 patients with IPF. The control groups were 53 hypersensitivity pneumonitis patients (HP) and 263 lung cancer patients (LC). DM2 was determined by two preprandial serum glucose levels higher than 126 mg/dL. Results: 29 (21.3%) IPF patients, 4 (7.5%) HP patients and 25 (9.5%) LC patients had DM2, revealing a significantly higher prevalence of DM2 in IPF/HP [odds ratio 3.3 (95% CI 1.1-9.6) p<0.01] and IPF/LC [odds ratio 2.5 (95% CI 1.4-4.6) p<0.01]. No differences were seen when IPF patients were divided by gender, obesity and economic level. Conclusions: These results suggest that there is a higher prevalence of DM2 in IPF patients in comparison with HP, LC patients and the general population in Mexico City.