RESUMO
The proinflammatory leukotriene B4 (LTB4) may be of importance in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated whether n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decrease LTB4 and increase the formation of the less inflammatory leukotriene B5 (LTB5) in patients with CKD. Fifty-six patients with CKD stage 2-5 were randomised to 2.4 g n-3 PUFA or olive oil for 8 weeks. Compared to controls, n-3 PUFA significantly decreased release of LTB4 (p<0.001) and 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) (p<0.01) and significantly increased release of LTB5 (p<0.001) and 5-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (5-HEPE) (p<0.001) from stimulated neutrophil granulocytes. Kidney function evaluated by creatinine clearance and proteinuria did not improve. In conclusion, n-3 PUFA supplementation for 8 weeks in patients with CKD stage 2-5 significantly decreased LTB4 and 5-HETE and significantly increased LTB5 and 5-HEPE. No effect was seen on kidney function.
Assuntos
Suplementos Nutricionais , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/análogos & derivados , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/uso terapêutico , Leucotrieno B4/análogos & derivados , Leucotrieno B4/metabolismo , Ativação de Neutrófilo , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/dietoterapia , Suplementos Nutricionais/efeitos adversos , Método Duplo-Cego , Regulação para Baixo , Ácido Eicosapentaenoico/metabolismo , Ácidos Graxos/análise , Ácidos Graxos/sangue , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/efeitos adversos , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/análise , Feminino , Óleos de Peixe/efeitos adversos , Óleos de Peixe/química , Óleos de Peixe/uso terapêutico , Granulócitos/imunologia , Granulócitos/metabolismo , Humanos , Rim/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutrófilos/imunologia , Pacientes Desistentes do Tratamento , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/imunologia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/fisiopatologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
Some evidence suggests that long-chain marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) may increase production of vasodilatory nitric oxide from vascular endothelium. Fatty acids may therefore play a role for the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft function in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, little is known about the composition of fatty acids in the vessel wall of the LIMA. Using gas chromatography we investigated fatty acid composition in segments of the LIMA, in plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), in plasma phospholipid (PL) and in the pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) from 22 patients undergoing CABG. Furthermore, we investigated whether there was an association between the n-3 PUFA composition in LIMA and flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). Self-reported fish consumption and supplementation of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acids were reflected by the fatty acid composition in NEFA, PL and in PAT, but less so in the LIMA. There was no association between FMD and fatty acid composition of the LIMA.
