Theoretical issues in medical library and information sciences' articles published in scopus and web of science databases: A scoping review.

Nowadays, professions with stronger theoretical background usually have a better standing among other academic fields. The field of Medical Library and Information Science (MLIS) also requires developments in theoretical issues to increase its ranking and provide more effective support services and higher quality research. The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review of publications in MLIS in Scopus and Web of Sciences databases to identify the underlying theoretical issues in this field. The research method was a scoping review conducted in February 2022. Articles published in the field of MLIS for which the main theme or research outcomes were based on theoretical foundations, patterns, frameworks, theories and models, and without limitation on time were retrieved from Web of Science and Scopus databases. The retrieved articles were analyzed after necessary screening and evaluation. Based on the determined criteria, 49 articles were eventually analyzed. Patterns, theories, frameworks, and models used in the articles have been categorized into six general groups: (1) information (general) and information literacy; (2) models of evaluation and support services in libraries and information centers; (3) clinical, embedded librarianship, and professional librarianship; (4) scientometrics, selection and evaluation of articles, journals, and serials; (5) open access content; and (6) psychological and sociological models. The results indicate that published articles in the field of MLIS have used a considerable range of models, theories, and frameworks as the most important elements of theoretical concepts. These models, theories, and frameworks have been categorized into six main groups, a number of which have been involving collection development, organization of material, and most have been overseeing the distribution of information and support services in libraries and information centers. Whereas MLIS is an interdisciplinary field with specific applications for access to and distribution of information, it still has considerable potential for presenting models, frameworks, and theories.

Factors influencing adoption of e-learning in healthcare: integration of UTAUT and TTF model.

BACKGROUND: The importance of successful implementation of e-learning, especially since the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic, has become increasingly apparent to universities. Thus, identifying the effective factors in adopting e-learning in the Covid-19 pandemic is crucial. This study was conducted to identify determining factors in adopting E-learning in healthcare. METHOD: This was a descriptive-analytical study in which 143 faculty members from Iran were randomly selected. The faculty members' intentions, concerning the adoption of e-learning, were assessed by the conceptual path model of integration of unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and The Task-Technology Fit (TTF). RESULTS: The results showed that the combination of the two classical theories, UTAUT and TTF, was an appropriate model to explain faculty members' intention in adopting e-learning. Moreover, the findings showed that technology and task characteristics, task- technology fit, social influences, effort expectancy, performance expectancy and facilitating conditions had direct and significant effect on e-learning adoption. CONCLUSION: By presenting a conceptual path model to elucidate users' behavior in adopting e-learning, this study investigated and identified the key determining factors in adopting e-learning. The findings of the present study can contribute to the design and implementation of e-learning by practitioners, policy makers, and curriculum designers.

Adopting mobile health applications by nurses: a scoping review.

Background: The concept of mobile health has attracted considerable attention across the globe, as it provides both healthcare professionals and patients with a distinct means of information and resources. Aim: This study was conducted with the aim of utilising mobile health (mHealth) applications by nurses and presenting a scenario of how and why they are utilised. Methods: This study was a scoping review. Data collection was carried out by searching the related keywords in Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane, EMBASE, Ovid, and PubMed databases from January 2000 to March 2019. Results: Regarding the reasons for using mobile applications by nurses, five objectives were identified, including learning and knowledge enhancement, treatment and improvement of the patient care process, diagnostic process, data and patient management, and health promotion. Effective factors in the nurses' use of mobile applications were categorised into eight themes: ease of use, usefulness, security and confidentiality, feasibility and functionality, design and use-interface, effectiveness, infrastructure, versatility, and social norms. Conclusions: Mobile health applications have considerable potential in enhancing nurses' professional activities. This study contributes to both nursing and health policy by providing a scenario of how and why nurses use mobile health applications.

Determinant factors in adopting mobile health application in healthcare by nurses.

BACKGROUND: Mobile applications are among effective learning tools and have a significant role in transferring information and knowledge to nurses. The current study was carried to identify the factors affecting nurses' use of practical health related mobile applications in education and patient interaction based on the combined Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Diffusion of Innovation (DOI). METHOD: The study is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional method. The research population includes nurses working at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences hospitals, 150 of which were selected as the research sample using simple and available sampling. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed (α = 0.9). Data analysis was carried out using a correlation test and regression analysis by applying SPSS v16 software. RESULTS: The findings show that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have a direct and significant effect on the rate of using mobile applications by nurses (P value ≤ 0.01), [(ß = 0.52), (ß = 0.40)]. Other findings indicate that relative advantage, compatibility, trialability and observability, have a direct and significant effect on nurses' use of mobile applications, while complicatedness does not have a significant effect. CONCLUSION: The current study identifies the effective factors in nurses' use of health-related mobile applications based on an integrated model of TAM and DOI. Designers of mobile applications should consider these factors in designing and developing programs so that mobile applications can successfully fulfill their purpose in healthcare.

Improving Self-Care Management in Patients with Breast Cancer through Health Literacy Promotion.

BACKGROUND: Self-care is one of the most important principles of life and the successful treatment of patients diagnosed with cancer. Also, the first step and the most effective factor for self-care is health literacy. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between level of health literacy and self-care ability in patients diagnosed with breast cancer. METHOD: Using an analytical-descriptive approach, the present study was conducted using a random access method among 120 patients diagnosed with breast cancer referring to Imam Reza Hospital of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, during 2019. The data was gathered using two standard self-care questionnaires in patients diagnosed with breast cancer (SCHFIV6.2) and Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS v22, through Pearson correlation tests and linear regression analysis. RESULTS: The results indicate a positive and significant relationship among dimensions of health literacy including access, reading, appraisal, decision, and understanding, and dimensions of self-care including self-care maintenance, self-care management, and self-care confidence. Other findings show that reading, access and decisions have a direct and significant effect on self-care ability (P-value ≤0.01). CONCLUSION: With regard to the direct and significant relationship of health literacy and self-care dimensions in patients diagnosed with breast cancer, enhancing their health literacy can result in improved self-care among them. In addition, due to the increasingly high prevalence of this disease among women, improving their health literacy can be effective in the treatment of this disease or in enhancing their quality of life.

Community-based educational interventions for prevention of type II diabetes: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Our objective was to estimate the change in community-based education interventions throughout the world that may effectuate in risk parameters of type II diabetes (T2D), including the diabetes incidence rate, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1C, body mass index, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. METHODS: A comprehensive search for globally eligible studies was conducted on PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, CINAHL nursing & allied health source, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, conference proceedings, and reference lists. Data were extracted using JBI standardized data extraction tool. The primary outcome variables were diabetes incidence rate, fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1c (HbAlc), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (s/d BP). Random-effects meta-analysis and sub-group analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Nineteen interventional studies were included in the review, and ten studies were pooled in the meta-analysis (n = 16,106, mean age = 41.5 years). The incidence rate of T2D was reported in three trials, within which the risk of developing T2D was reduced by 54.0% in favor of community-based educational interventions, (RR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.38-0.75; p < 0.001). In eleven (n = 11,587) and six (n = 6416) studies, the pooled mean differences were - 0.33 (95% CI: - 0.45 to - 0.20, p < 0.0001) and - 0.15 (95% CI: - 0.28 to - 0.03, p < 0.0001) for FBS and HbA1c levels, respectively. Positive significant effects were observed on reducing BMI [pooled mean difference = - 0.47 (95% CI: - 0.66 to - 0.28), I2 = 95.7%, p < 0.0001] and WC [pooled mean difference = - 0.66 (95% CI: - 0.89 to - 0.43), I2 = 97.3%, p < 0.0001]. The use of theoretical frameworks was found to provide a 48.0% change in fasting blood sugar. CONCLUSIONS: Based on a comprehensive data collection of about 16,106 participants and reasonable analyses, we conclude that educational interventions may reduce diabetes incidence by 54.0%, particularly through reductions in fasting blood glucose, body mass index, and waist circumference. The diabetes risk parameters may favorably improve irrespective of the duration of intervention, at as low as 6 months. The application of theoretical frameworks while designing educational interventions is also encouraged. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42018115877.

Determinant factors in applying electronic medical records in healthcare.

BACKGROUND: Electronic Medical Record (EMR) offers remarkable facilities such as reducing medical errors, decreasing healthcare costs and promoting quality of healthcare services by collecting, storing and displaying information at the point of care. AIMS: This study was carried out to identify the determinants of electronic medical record (EMR) adoption by presenting a comprehensive model. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in which 330 healthcare personnel working in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran, were selected as the study sample. A proposed conceptual path model of technology, organization and environment (TOE), and technology acceptance model (TAM) was developed to identify the determinants of EMR adoption. The model was authorized by structural equation modeling (SEM) and represented by Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). RESULTS: The results of the study showed that the integrated model of TOE-TAM explained 68 percent (R2 = 0.68) of the variance of EMR adoption. The findings also evidenced that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, technological context, organization context and environmental context have significant effect on EMR adoption. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings suggest that the proposed conceptual integrated model of TOE-TAM is a favourable model for identifying the relevant factors of EMR adoption. The present study clearly recognized nine significant determinants that affect end-users' intention when comprehensive implementation of ERMs is considered.

Assessing nurses' informatics competency and identifying its related factors.

BACKGROUND: Due to the increasing use of informatics as an infrastructure in developing the quality of care and patient safety, informatics competency has become a crucial requirement for nurses. AIM: This study was conducted to assess nursing informatics competency, and identify related factors in registered nurses. METHOD: This research is an analytical descriptive study in which the research community included 205 nurses working at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences' hospitals. The researcher-made questionnaire was developed as a data collection tool (α = 98%). The data was entered into SPSS16 software and correlation analysis and regression were carried out. RESULTS: The mean score percentage of total nursing informatics competency was 59.92%. The highest mean score was related to informatics skills (62.98), followed by the informatics knowledge subscale (59%). In addition, informatics competency was positively correlated with self-efficacy (r = 0.27, p = 0.001), evidence-based practice (r = 0.55, p = 0.001) and time spent on hospital information systems (r = 0.16, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Computer skills, self-efficacy, evidence-based practice and time spent on hospital information systems are determinant factors of nurses' informatics competency. Developing nurses' basic computer skills and incorporating informatics education programmes into the curriculum can enhance nurses' informatics competency.

Determinant Factors in Applying Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) in Healthcare.

OBJECTIVES: Meaningful use of picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) can change the workflow for accessing digital images, lead to faster turnaround time, reduce tests and examinations, and increase patient throughput. This study was carried out to identify determinant factors that affect the adoption of PACS by physicians. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in which 190 physicians working in a teaching hospital affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences were randomly selected. Physicians' perceptions concerning the adoption of PACS were assessed by the conceptual path model of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Collected data were analyzed with regression analysis. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the final model that was developed. RESULTS: The results show that the UTAUT model can explain about 61 percent of the variance on in the adoption of PACS (R2 = 0.61). The findings also showed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influences, and behavior intention have a direct and significant effect on the adoption of PACS. However, facility condition showed to have no significant effect on physicians' behavior intentions. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of new technology such as PACS in the healthcare sector is unavoidable. Our study clearly identified significant and nonsignificant factors that may affect the adoption of PACS. Also, this study acknowledged that physicians' perception is a key factor to manage the implementation of PACS optimally, and this fact should be considered by healthcare managers and policy makers.

Effectiveness of training intervention to improve medical student's information literacy skills.

This study aimed to assess the efficiency of delivering a 4-month course of "effective literature search" among medical postgraduate students for improving information literacy skills. This was a cross-sectional study in which 90 postgraduate students were randomly selected and participated in 12 training sessions. Effective search strategies were presented and the students' attitude and competency concerning online search were measured by a pre- and post-questionnaires and skill tests. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 16 using t-test. There was a significant improvement (p=0.00), in student's attitude. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) was 2.9 (0.8) before intervention versus the mean (SD) 3.9 (0.7) after intervention. Students' familiarity with medical resources and databases improved significantly. The data showed a significant increase (p=0.03), in students' competency score concerning search strategy design and conducting a search. The mean (SD) was 2.04 (0.7) before intervention versus the mean (SD) 3.07 (0.8) after intervention. Also, students' ability in applying search and meta search engine improved significantly. This study clearly acknowledges that the training intervention provides considerable opportunity to improve medical student's information literacy skills.

Applying Electronic Medical Records in Health Care: Physicians' Perspective.

BACKGROUND: In order to fulfill comprehensive interoperability and recognize the electronic medical records (EMRs') benefits, physicians' attitudes toward using and applying EMR must be recognized. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to present an integrated model of applying EMRs by physicians. METHODS: This was a cross sectional study in which a sample of 330 physicians working in hospitals affiliated to the Tehran University of medical sciences (TUMS) was selected. Physicians' attitudes toward using and accepting EMR in health care have been analyzed by an integrated model of two classical theories i.e. technology acceptance model (TAM) and diffusion of innovation (DOI). The model was tested using an empirical survey. The final model was tested by structural equation modeling (SEM) and represented by Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS). RESULTS: The results suggest that the hybrid model explains about 43 percent of the variance of using and accepting of EMRs (R2=0.43). The findings also evidenced that Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Relative Advantage, Compatibility, Complicatedness and Trainability have direct and significant effect on physicians' attitudes toward using and accepting EMRs. But concerning observeability, significant path coefficient was not reported. CONCLUSIONS: The integrated model supplies purposeful intuition for elucidates and anticipates of physicians' behaviors in EMRs adoption. The study identified six relevant factors that affect using and applying EMRs that should be subsequently the major concern of health organizations and health policy makers.

Factors influencing the adoption of E-learning in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.

Background: Electronic Learning (E-learning), is the use of electronic technology in education via computer and the internet. Despite its slow adoption by faculty members, e-learning provides several benefits to individuals and organizations. This study was conducted to determine the factors influencing the adoption of e-learning by faculty members in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This was a cross- sectional study, in which a sample of 190 faculty members of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences was randomly selected, using stratified sampling. A Conceptual Path Model of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was applied to assess the faculty members' attitude towards e-learning. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS16, using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The model was tested by structural equation modeling (SEM) and was finally represented by Analysis of Moment Structures. Results: The results evidenced that UTAUT model explains about 56% of the variance for adoption of elearning. The findings also revealed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influences and behavior indentation had direct and significant effects on faculty members' behavior towards the use of e-learning. However, facilitated condition had no significant effects on the use of e-learning. Conclusion: The authorized model provides considerable insight for perception and anticipation of faculty members' behaviors in adopting e-learning. The survey clearly identified significant and non-significant factors that may affect the adoption of e-learning. The results of this study could help the policy makers when successful adoption of e-learning is in their agenda.

The effects of organizational contextual factors on physicians' attitude toward adoption of Electronic Medical Records.

INTRODUCTION: Physicians' adoption seems to be a significant issue when comprehensive implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is considered. This study was conducted to determine the organizational contextual factors affecting physicians' adoption of EMR. METHODS: This was a descriptive-analytical study in which a sample of 330 physicians working in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences was selected. Physicians' attitudes toward EMRs' adoption have been assessed by a conceptual path model of Technology Acceptance model (TAM) and organizational context variables. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS16 using regression analysis. The final model was tested by structural equation modeling (SEM) and represented by SPSS-AMOS, structural equation modeling software. RESULTS: The results suggest that modified proposed conceptual path model explains about 56% of the variance of EMRs' adoption. The findings also evidenced that perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), management support; physicians' involvement, physicians' autonomy, and the doctor-patient relationship have direct and significant effect on physicians' attitudes toward EMRs' adoption. However, training showed to have no significant effect on PU and PEOU. CONCLUSION: The present study acknowledged that considerable part of physicians' attitude toward EMRs' adoption is controlled by organizational contextual factors. These factors should be subsequently the major concern of health organizations and health policy makers.