RESUMO
Soliton dynamics and nonlinear phenomena in quantum deformation has been investigated through conformal time differential generalized form of q deformed Sinh-Gordon equation. The underlying equation has recently undergone substantial amount of research. In Phase 1, we employed modified auxiliary and new direct extended algebraic methods. Trigonometric, hyperbolic, exponential and rational solutions are successfully extracted using these techniques, coupled with the best possible constraint requirements implemented on parameters to ensure the existence of solutions. The findings, then, are represented by 2D, 3D and contour plots to highlight the various solitons' propagation patterns such as kink-bright, bright, dark, bright-dark, kink, and kink-peakon solitons and solitary wave solutions. It is worth emphasizing that kink dark, dark peakon, dark and dark bright solitons have not been found earlier in literature. In phase 2, the underlying model is examined under various chaos detecting tools for example lyapunov exponents, multistability and time series analysis and bifurcation diagram. Chaotic behavior is investigated using various initial condition and novel results are obtained.
Assuntos
Dinâmica não Linear , Teoria Quântica , Modelos Teóricos , Algoritmos , Simulação por ComputadorRESUMO
A biostimulant is any microorganism or substance used to enhance the efficiency of nutrition, tolerance to abiotic stress and/or quality traits of crops, depending on its contents from nutrients. Plant biostimulants like honey bee (HB) and silymarin (Sm) are a strategic trend for managing stressed crops by promoting nutritional and hormonal balance, regulating osmotic protectors, antioxidants, and genetic potential, reflecting plant growth and productivity. We applied diluted honey bee (HB) and silymarin-enriched honey bee (HB- Sm) as foliar nourishment to investigate their improving influences on growth, yield, nutritional and hormonal balance, various osmoprotectant levels, different components of antioxidant system, and genetic potential of chili pepper plants grown under NaCl-salinity stress (10 dS mâ1). HB significantly promoted the examined attributes and HB-Sm conferred optimal values, including growth, productivity, K+/Na+ ratio, capsaicin, and Sm contents. The antioxidative defense components were significantly better than those obtained with HB alone. Conversely, levels of oxidative stress markers (superoxide ions and hydrogen peroxide) and parameters related to membrane damage (malondialdehyde level, stability index, ionic leakage, Na+, and Cl- contents) were significantly reduced. HB-Sm significantly affects inactive gene expression, as a natural biostimulator silencing active gene expression. SCoT primers were used as proof in salt-treated or untreated chili pepper plants. There were 41 cDNA amplicons selected by SCoT-primers. Twenty of them were EcDNA amplicons (cDNA-amplicons that enhanced their genes by one or more treatments) representing 49% of all cDNA amplicons, whereas 7 amplicons for ScDNA (whose genes were silenced in one or more treatments) represented 17%, and 14 McDNA (monomorphic cDNA-amplicons with control) amplicons were represented by 34% from all cDNA amplicons. This indicates the high effect of BH-Sm treatments in expression enhancement of some inactive genes and their silenced effect for expression of some active genes, also confirming that cDNA-SCoT markers succeeded in detection of variable gene expression patterns between the untreated and treated plants. In conclusion, HB-Sm as a natural multi-biostimulator can attenuate salt stress effects in chili pepper plants by remodeling the antioxidant defense system and ameliorating plant productivity.