The Effect of The Blue-Violet Light Emitting Diode (Led) Irradiation on the Bleeding and Pain Following Tooth Extraction.

ABSTRACT: Tooth extraction is one of the most common oral surgeries carried out daily in dental clinics. Bleeding and pain are considered common sequelae after tooth extraction, which are considered a major concern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the irradiation on the extraction socket with a blue-violet light-emitting diode (LED) on the hemostasis and the pain.The study was designed as a randomized prospective split-mouth clinical study in which 82 tooth extractions were performed on 31 patients who required bilaterally paired tooth extractions. The side impacted by LED radiation until the bleeding stopped was the study group (left side), whereas the other side where the bleeding stopped without intervention was the control group (right side). The duration of bleeding time was measured and compared. The pain level was assessed postoperatively using the numeric rating scale and total analgesic dosages.Results indicate that in the study group there was a reduction in postextraction bleeding time as compared with the control group. The mean bleeding time was (26.71 seconds) and (291.95 seconds), respectively. It was statistically significant ( P = 0.000). Regarding the effect of LEDs on pain, the result shows no difference in the pain level between the 2 groups, which means LEDs have a nonsignificant effect on pain.The blue-violet LED reduces the bleeding time of the extracted socket after tooth extraction, and prevents postoperative oozing, but has no effect on the reduction of postoperative pain. LED therapy has no side effects.

Management of Maxillofacial Trauma in Attempt Suicide Patients During COVID-19 Pandemic.

ABSTRACT: The maxillofacial surgeon trained well to face the surgical challenges. In case of dealing with self-inflicted trauma, the surgeon must face the surgical as well as the psychological status of the patients. Five patients received in the emergency room suffering from maxillofacial trauma resulted from suicidal attempts. Unfortunately, 1 patient died, the other patients managed by providing surgical and psychological support. The cornerstone of managing such type of trauma needs appropriate communication between the family, surgical team, and the psychiatric.

Lingual anesthesia of the lower anterior teeth, which technique is better?

PURPOSE: To extract the lower anterior teeth, the oral surgeon needs to anesthetize the pulpal tissue of the accused tooth and the surrounding tissues. The lingual nerve innervates the lingual soft tissue to the lower teeth, this nerve usually anesthetized alongside the inferior alveolar nerve by a block technique. However, the lingual tissue of the lower anterior teeth usually anesthetized by either infiltration or periodontal ligament injection (PDL) techniques. This study was intended to compare between these two techniques. METHODS: Forty-eight teeth were extracted from 24 patients. Non-adjacent two lower anterior teeth in the same patient were selected. The lingual soft tissue in one of them was anesthetized by PDL injection technique while the other tooth by infiltration technique. RESULTS: The study included 24 patients (14 males and 10 females). There was no significant difference in relation to the pain during injection between the two groups, while there was a significant difference between the two groups in relation to bleeding. CONCLUSIONS: A recommendation was made to use the PDL injection technique to anesthetize the lingual soft tissue during extraction of the lower anterior teeth.

Pros and Cons of the Transconjunctival Retroseptal Approach to the Isolated Orbital Floor Fracture.

To get access into the orbital floor 3 paths are commonly used which are transconjunctival, subciliary and subtarsal approaches. Each one of these approaches has its advantages and disadvantages. The study assessed the outcomes of the transconjunctival retroseptal approach, which reflects our experience in this type of surgery. Along 8 years, 26 patients received in the emergency room diagnosed with pure isolated orbital floor fractures, all of them admitted to the maxillofacial surgery department and approached by transconjunctival incision without lateral canthotomy. Three types of complications occurred: laceration of the lower eyelid, injury to the lacrimal system and entropion. All of these complications were managed accordingly with no long-term deficit. Although the transconjunctival approach without lateral canthotomy is limited to a certain degree, it has the advantages of hidden scar, easy, and short time to achieve.

The Fate of the Mandibular Reconstruction Plate.

To preserve the continuity of the mandible after resection or traumatic bone loss, the defect is usually reconstructed with a bone graft fixed by a reconstruction plate. The fate of these plates is the objective of this study. Twenty-three patients (4 females and 19 males) required a reconstructive procedure to restore the discontinuity defect in the mandible by a mandibular reconstruction plate. Postoperative follow-up was performed to assess the outcomes of these plates. The mean age of the patients was 28.22 years. The most common cause of the discontinuity defect was bullet injury. The mean follow-up period was 3.65 years. The most common postoperative complication was the surgical site infection. The reconstruction plate of the mandible is associated with long-term success and body acceptance in the hands of an experienced surgeon.

The anti-inflammatory effect of the platelet-rich plasma in the periodontal pocket.

OBJECTIVE: Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a common inflammatory disease that causes destruction to the supporting tissues of the teeth. Many treatment modalities tried to stop the disease progression. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is one of the regenerative methods that used in adjunct to conventional periodontal treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of PRP by monitoring the lymphocyte count before and after its application to the periodontal pocket. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients, with CP and a pocket depth equal to or deeper than 4 mm, subjected to scaling, root planing, and PRP injection into the pocket. The lymphocyte count measured before and after 1 month from PRP application. Clinical periodontal parameters were taken during two visits (1 month apart), with customized stent fabrication. RESULTS: All clinical periodontal parameters showed a reduction in their value following 1 month of PRP application. There was a noticeable reduction in lymphocyte count from (mean 2.47 ± 0.91) to (mean 1.94 ± 0.77). CONCLUSION: In addition to its traditional uses, PRP has a great role in the periodontal treatment by its anti-inflammatory effect.

Surgical Management of the Recent Orbital War Injury.

Maxillofacial trauma affects sensitive and essential functions for the human being such as smell, breathing, talking, and the most importantly the sight. Trauma to the orbit may cause a vision loss especially if this trauma yields a high kinetic energy like that encountered during wars. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes of the orbital war trauma, enriching the literature with the experience of the authors in this field. A total of 16 patients were injured, evacuated, and managed, between June 2014 and June 2017, from the fight between the Iraqi army and the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in different areas of Iraq. Two-stage protocol was adopted, that is debridement and reconstruction. There were 14 military patients and 2 civilians. The cause of trauma was either bullet or shrapnel from an explosion. In the battlefield, delayed evacuation of the casualties led to increase the morbidity and mortality. Wearing a protective shield over the eye during the war along with fast evacuation highly improved the survival rates.

Vascular Precautions Before Sinus Lift Procedure.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the benefit of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and how to minimize injury to the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) before sinus lift procedure. Cone beam computed tomography scans of 30 maxillary sinuses (15 patients) assessed to determine the location of PSAA presinus lift procedure. The data collected were used to extend the existed literature. The most common location of the PSAA was intraosseous (66.7%), the subantral distance mean was 5 ±â€Š1 mm, and the mean distance of PSAA from the crest was 15 ±â€Š1.6 mm. Cone beam computed tomography is valuable before the sinus lift procedure to exclude the presence of any lesion and to detect the location of the PSAA. The study recommends not to extend the upper border of the window beyond 16 mm from the residual crest during the lateral sinus approach.

Is Orbital Floor Reconstruction With Titanium Mesh Safe?

To reconstruct the orbital floor defects there are a lot of reconstruction materials, the surgeon must choose one of them. The authors share their experience with 10 patients suffering from orbital trauma causing orbital floor fracture; those fractures were reconstructed using titanium mesh. No complications were encountered postoperatively apart from 1 patient with ectropion. Titanium mesh is a perfect material for the reconstruction of the orbital fractures, eliminating the need for autogenous bone graft.

Evaluation of the Trephine Method in Harvesting Bone Graft From the Anterior Iliac Crest for Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery.

Autogenous bone graft is the gold standard for maxillofacial reconstruction. Although there are many donor sites, the ilium is favored. Open iliac bone harvesting techniques can result in significant complications, which are to be reduced; a minimally invasive technique using trephine burs was used. The aim of the study was to evaluate the intra- and postoperative complications, the size of bone harvested, and the time of the procedure. Eighteen consecutive patients were conducted. The trephine bur makes holes of 10 mm diameter in the iliac crest from which a bone graft can be harvested. No major long-term morbidity was found; all patients were discharged on the first postoperative day. The trephine technique is generally a safe procedure, can provide enough corticocancellous bone for osseous defects in maxillofacial region up to 10 cc. In addition to that, the technique is easy to learn and allows early discharge of patients from the hospital.