Transcriptome data sets of free-living diplomonads, Trepomonas sp. and Hexamita sp.

Most species belonging to the diplomonad genera, Trepomonas and Hexamita, are considered to have secondarily adapted to free-living lifestyles from the parasitic ancestor. Here, we report the annotated transcriptome data of Trepomonas sp. NIES-1444 and Hexamita sp. NIES-1440, the analysis of which will provide insights into the lifestyle transitions.

The origin of perpendicular magneto-crystalline anisotropy in L1(0)-FeNi under tetragonal distortion.

We investigated the origin of perpendicular magneto-crystalline anisotropy (MCA) in L1(0)-ordered FeNi alloy using first-principles density-functional calculations. We found that the perpendicular MCA of L1(0)-FeNi arises predominantly from the constituent Fe atoms, which is consistent with recent measurements of the anisotropy of the Fe orbital magnetic moment of L1(0)-FeNi by means of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Analysis of the second-order perturbation of the spin-orbit interaction indicates that spin-flip excitations between the occupied majority-spin and unoccupied minority-spin bands make a considerable contribution to the perpendicular MCA, as does the spin-conservation term for the minority-spin bands. Furthermore, the MCA energy increases as the in-plane lattice parameter decreases (increasing the axial ratio c/a). The increase in the MCA energy can be attributed to further enhancement of the spin-flip term due to modulation of the Fe d(xy) and d(x(2) - y(2)) orbital components around the Fermi level under compressive in-plane distortion.

The effect of the interface oxidation on tunneling conductance of Co(2)MnSi/MgO/Co(2)MnSi magnetic tunnel junction.

We investigate and discuss the effects of interfacial oxidation on electronic structures and tunnel conductance of the Co(2)MnSi/MgO/Co(2)MnSi(001) magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) on the basis of first-principles calculations. It is found that the MnSi termination tends to be oxidized compared with the Co termination because of the relaxation of atomic positions in the MnSi-terminated interface. Furthermore, we found that the single oxide layer inserted on both sides of the junction greatly decreases the tunnel conductance of the MTJ in parallel magnetization. We concluded that the relaxation of the Mn atomic position in the oxidized junction reduces the coupling of the Δ(1) states between the Co(2)MnSi electrode and the MgO barrier and causes significant interfacial scattering of the majority-spin electrons with Δ(1) symmetry at the oxidized layer.

Half-metallic interface between a Heusler alloy and Si.

The interface between the half-Heusler alloy CoFeSi and Si is investigated by using first-principles density-functional calculations. Although CoFeSi has not been fabricated yet, its formation energy turns out to be negative. Within the generalized gradient approximation, CoFeSi shows nearly half-metallic properties, and its lattice constant is about 5.38 Å; this value is relatively close to the lattice constant of Si. We here chiefly investigate the CoFeSi/Si (110) interface, and find that the half-metallic properties are almost preserved at a specific (110) interface. Furthermore, the interfacial structure which leads to the high spin polarization has the lowest energy of the (110) interfacial patterns examined in this work. The half-metallicity at the interfaces is similarly observed in the densities of states projected onto delocalized sp states, and this suggests the relevance of the high spin polarization to transport properties.

Two-channel self-mixing laser Doppler measurement with carrier-frequency-division multiplexing.

We demonstrate real-time two-channel self-mixing laser-Doppler measurement with extreme optical sensitivity using a laser-diode-pumped thin-slice LiNdP4O12 laser. Successful carrier-frequency-division-multiplexed two-channel operations are realized by using one laser, two sets of optical frequency shifters, and a two-channel frequency-modulated-wave demodulation circuit. Simultaneous independent measurements of vibrations of speakers and averaged motions of small Brownian particles in different scattering cells are demonstrated. Self-mixing photon correlation spectroscopy of particle size distributions is also discussed.

Real-time nanometer-vibration measurement with a self-mixing microchip solid-state laser.

Nanometer vibration analysis of a target has been demonstrated by a self-aligned optical feedback vibrometry technique that uses a laser-diode-pumped microchip solid-state laser. The laser output waveform, which was modulated through interference between a lasing field and an extremely weak (<- 100-dB) frequency-modulated (FM) feedback field, was analyzed by the Hilbert transformation to yield the vibration waveform of the target. Experimental signal characteristics have been reproduced by numerical simulations. Real-time vibration measurement has also been achieved with a simple FM demodulation circuit.