[The analysis of concentration of cyclosporine A in blood using liquid chromatographic mass spectrometry].

The method of analysis of concentration of immunosuppressant of cyclosporine A in whole blood was developed. The highly effective liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection was applied using device of "ionic trap" type. The optimal conditions of analysis are established. The tryout of method was carried out using blood samples of healthy donors and patients underwent allotransplantation of organs. The comparison was made of the developed method with method of fluorescence polarized immunoassay Abbott TDX applied in clinical diagnostic. The higher selectivity of the proposed method to cyclosporine A as compared with Abbott TDX was established.

[The modern potential of histocompatibility in clinical kidney transplantation].

To many clinicians, the improvement of cadaveric kidney graft survival, achieved in the last decade, has become a reason to reconsider the importance of HLA matching in renal transplantation under modem conditions. Nevertheless, there still are arguments to continue selecting donors on the basis of HLA compatibility. Single-center cadaveric renal transplantation data were used to calculate graft survival rates by Kaplan-Meyer analysis and to create the Cox model of the probability of seven-year transplanted kidney survival. One-year and seven-year survival rates for 362 cadaveric kidneys transplanted in 1996-2004 were 83.1% and 60.7%, respectively. One-factor analysis found five factors--HLA-DR compatibility, common HLA epitope compatibility, HLA-DQl compatibility, the replacement of Azathyoprine with Cellsept, and donor's age--to have significant effect on transplant survival rate. All these factors were used as variables in a highly significant (p < 0.00001) multifactor Cox model of graft survival. The summary influence of histocompatibility factors on renal graft survival was found to be as high as 86% compared to 6% related to Cellsept and 8% related to donor's age. These results show that histocompatibility is still the main factor favoring the survival of cadaveric renal allograft.

[The dependence of the efficacy of cyclosporin A use in a kidney allograft on the degree of donor and recipient tissue compatibility based on HLA-DR antigens]. / Zavisimost' éffektivnosti primeneniia tsiklosporina A pri allotransplantatsii pochki ot stepeni tkanevoi sovmestimosti donora i retsipienta po antigenam HLA-DR.

Upon the analyses of outcomes of 69 primary allogenic kidney transplantations it was noted that cyclosporin A immunosuppressive potential grew in transplantation of the kidney more compatible by HLA-DR antigens. It follows that it would be valid to perform tissue selection in the above use of the drug cyclosporin A.

[HLA class I and II antigens and diffuse toxic goiter]. / Antigeny HLA I i II klassa i diffuznyi toksicheskii zob.

The incidence rate of HLA class I and II antigens has been studied in 168 and 82 patients with diffuse toxic goiter, respectively. Positive association is found for HLA antigens A2, A3, A28, B8, B15, B17, Cw4, DR5; negative one with antigens A24, Bw4, Bw6, Cw1, Cw2, Cw3, Cw5, DR9. Prevalence of antigens B15, B17, Cw4, DR5 is associated with thyrotoxicosis severity, A2 with recurrent toxic goiter. Antigen B8 plays the role of an immunogenetic marker of endocrine ophthalmopathy.

[The importance of immunogenetic studies in Itsenko-Cushing disease combined with other endocrine diseases]. / Znachimost' immunogeneticheskikh issledovanii pri bolezni Itsenko--Kushinga v sochetanii ee s drugimi éndokrinnymi zabolevaniiami.

Ninety-seven patients suffering from Itsenko [correction of Icenko]-Cushing disease were examined. Analysis was made first of all of the clinical and laboratory signs pointing to the presence of other endocrine diseases to distinguish two groups of patients. The first group included subjects who did not manifest any concomitant diseases. The number of men and women was the same. The second group was made up of patients with associated Itsenko [correction of Icenko]-Cushing disease and other endocrine diseases. In this particular group, women were predominant. The first group patients demonstrated the predominance of the DR7 incidence, the second group that of the DR5. The method of estimating HLA associations identified is proposed. It allows distinguishing specific and nonspecific associations. In Itsenko [correction of Icenko]-Cushing disease, DR7 association is specific, whereas B8 and DR5 associations are unspecific. A specific polyendocrine autoimmune syndrome associated with Itsenko [correction of Icenko]-Cushing disease was revealed. A concept of the pathogenesis of Itsenko [correction of Icenko]-Cushing disease is advanced.

[Serologic polymorphism of the HLA Class 2 antigens in the Russian population]. / Serologicheskii polimorfizm antigenov HLA klassa 2 v russkoi populiatsii.

Two hundred and thirty Russian Moscovities (108 healthy individuals and 122 cadaver kidney donors) were typed for antigens HLA-DR1-DRw10, HLA-DRw52-DRw53, and HLA-DQw1 and DQw3. HLA-DR1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 were investigated in all individuals, the other having been only studied in portions of the material. The HLA class 2 antigens' polymorphism in Russian population has been shown to have features common to all Caucasians. Most widely distributed antigen is DR2 (phenotype frequency is 36%). Antigens DRw8, DR9 and DRw10 are rare. DR allele distribution demonstrated perfect fits to Hardy--Weinberg expectations. Antigens DR5 and DR4 are considered most difficult to define at early stage of the study.

[Association of I and II class HLA antigens with Cushing's syndrome]. / Assotsiatsiia HLA-antigenov I i II klassov s bolezn'iu Itsenko- Kushinga.

Incidence of class I and II HLA antigens was studied in 69 patients suffering from Icenko--Cushing syndrome. Positive association was reported for antigens DRw53, DQw3, DR4, DR5, negative for antigen DR2. Antigen combinations DR5, DR7 and DR4, DR5 proved more prevalent. The risk to develop the disease rose 2-3-fold in case of HLA-DR5 phenotype occurrence with antigen DR4 or DR7. Association with DRw53 and DQw3 antigens showing wide specificity seemed most significant.

[Expression of class II HLA antigens on cryopreserved isolated mononuclear splenic cells]. / Izuchenie ékspressii HLA-antigenov II klassa na kriokonservi- rovannykh mononuklearnykh kletkakh selezenki.

The human spleen presents a rich source of class 2 HLA-positive mononuclear cells. After cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen and storage during 18 months these cells retain high viability and continue expressing class 2 HLA antigens on their membrane. Cryopreserved cells react specifically with antibodies to particular determinants of class 2 HLA-DR molecules. This permits their using as target-cells in serological reactions, and serves the basis for creation of banks of well-characterized "standard" class 2 HLA-positive cells with the known phenotype.

[The creation of an all-Union registry of typed donors--the first stage towards bone marrow transplantation from an unrelated donor]. / Sozdanie vsesoiuznogo registra tipirovannykh donorov--pervyi étap k transplantatsii kostnogo mozga ot nerodstvennogo donora.

The changes in tactic approaches may be recorded in clinical transplantation of the bone marrow (TBM). The countries of Europe and America realize TBM from the HLA-compatible unrelated donor. The first stage in such TBM is the establishment of the All-Union Register of typified donors which includes about 8,000 persons and is the member of the World Donor International Association. The authors describe the scientific and organizational principles of the work in the international regime; provide the ethnic and genogeographic characteristics of the All-Union Register. Give brief data on the activity of the All-Union Register during April 15 -- December 1, 1990.

[Polymorphism of the HLA genetic system in Khanty population]. / Osobennosti polimorfizma geneticheskoi sistemy HLA v populiatsii khantov.

Serological polymorphism of HLA 1 class genes and antigens (A, B, C) was studied in native West-Siberian population of Khants. Genes HLA-A2, A23, A24, B7, B35, B49, Cw4 and Cw7 appeared to be most frequent in this population. HLA-A23/B49 was the most wide-spread haplotype with strong linkage disequilibrium. The main features of the HLA polymorphism indicate profound mongoloid roots of Khants, whereas strong linkage disequilibrium of some HLA alleles confirms the idea of the origin of Khants as a result of ancient mixing of mongoloids and caucasoids.