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1.
Ann Pharm Fr ; 80(3): 340-362, 2022 May.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34656545

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop a tool for optimizing drug management related to clinical and therapeutic contexts of pediatric units in Côte d'Ivoire. METHODOLOGY: A list of Inappropriate prescribings (IPs) was developed from prescription review of inpatients and outpatients aged 1 month to 15 years and followed in pediatric units at 4 Teaching Hospitals of Abidjan during 16 months. A two-round Delphi method was used to validate a qualitative list of IPs by experts according to their level of agreement on a six-point Likert scale of 0-5 (0, no opinion; 5, strongly agree). Only propositions obtaining the agreement (rating 4 or 5) of>70% of experts who gave a non-zero rating for the first round and 80% for the second round were retained. Each IP of final list associated with "rationale", (justifying the inappropriateness of prescribing), and "recommendations and/or therapeutic alternative", used to elaborate items of a tool for helping to optimize drug prescriptions in pediatrics (GOPP tool). RESULTS: A qualitative list of 54 IPs was drawn up from 267 Drug related problems detected after prescription review of 4992 prescription lines for 881 patients. Twenty-three (23) experts rated IPs on this list during two-round Delphi survey. At the end of survey, final list of 52 IPs was retained for development GOPP tool items. Malaria (15%), rhinitis (12%) and bacterial infectious (8%) are mainly pathologies concerned by these items. CONCLUSION: GOPP tool developed in this study should help to improve drug management of patients in pediatric units in Côte d'Ivoire.


Assuntos
Prescrições de Medicamentos , Prescrição Inadequada , Criança , Côte d'Ivoire , Unidades Hospitalares , Hospitais de Ensino , Humanos
2.
Ann Pharm Fr ; 74(5): 380-8, 2016 Sep.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26774460

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of our study were to analyse the prescriptions of antibiotics and assessing the relevance of pharmacist interventions (PI) in outpatient consultations in a pediatric unit of a Teaching Hospital of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study from May to December 2013. The analysis of antibiotic prescriptions was documented. The tool of PI classification validated by the French Society of Clinical Pharmacy was used. The PI rating was made by prescribers. This rating evolved from PI0 to PI3 depending on the severity of the clinical impact of the problem and to the severity of clinical consequences avoided by the PI. The relevance was evaluated by the PI acceptance rate by physicians and clinical evaluation of their impact. RESULTS: Our study included 150 patients with a mean age of 11.75 months and a sex ratio (M/F) of 2. The amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (27.2 %) and amoxicillin (22.3 %) were the most prescribed antibiotics. Sixty-three drug-related problems (DRPs) were detected on the antibiotic prescriptions. They were non-optimal drug administration plan (88.9 %) and underdose (11.1 %). The amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (61.9 %) and josamycin (17.4 %) were the most affected by these DRPs. PI were related to the precision of modes of drug administration (88.9 %) and dose adjustments (11.1 %). The prescribers accepted 93.7 % of PIs. All accepted PIs was rated PI1 (significant clinical impact). CONCLUSIONS: PIs performed on antibiotic prescription were relevant with a high rate of acceptance and a significant clinical impact.


Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/organização & administração , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Prescrições de Medicamentos , Departamentos Hospitalares/organização & administração , Pediatria/organização & administração , Farmacêuticos , Adolescente , Antibacterianos/efeitos adversos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Côte d'Ivoire , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hospitais de Ensino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Encaminhamento e Consulta
3.
Ann Pharm Fr ; 69(1): 7-21, 2011 Jan.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21296213

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Sub-Saharan Africa remains the most affected region in the global AIDS epidemic. Côte d'Ivoire is one of the most affected countries by this epidemic. The collective search for deleterious determinants of the evolution of immunological markers (CD4 cells count) may help to optimize the therapeutic efficiency in this resource-limited country. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We are interested in studying the antiretroviral response of efavirenz-based regimen (treatment of choice in first line) by the nonhierarchical-descendant model by taxonomy of CD4 cells count trajectories. From 87 CD4 cells count trajectories of symptomatic naive patients, classes of similar profiles grouped by the model have formed typical profiles of evolution as meta-trajectories. The analysis of these meta-trajectories was used to study the determinants of CD4 cells count evolution by classes of patients. RESULTS: Four classes have been determined for an optimal taxonomy with a partition score of 0.72: P1 (n=27), P2 (n=15), P3 (n=24), P4 (n=21). Our model showed a variation between groups of CD4 cells count trajectories linked to explanatory factors by highlighting the predictive role of certain characteristics on antiretroviral response in Côte d'Ivoire (CD4 cells count baseline [P<0.01], CD4 percentage baseline [P<0.05], adherence [P<0.05]). The multiple correspondence analysis revealed other characteristics that influence the immune response such as the presence of opportunistic infections, bloodless status and weight at the initiation of treatment. CONCLUSION: The factors influencing the profile of meta-trajectories of CD4 cells count during efavirenz-based antiretroviral regimen should be considered at the initiation of treatment to optimize performance in the therapeutic monitoring of patients in Abidjan. The model of biomedical indicators meta-trajectories provides a therapeutic decision support provided prior to capitalize sufficient expertise for a better interpretation.


Assuntos
Benzoxazinas/uso terapêutico , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Infecções por HIV/sangue , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores da Transcriptase Reversa/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Algoritmos , Alcinos , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/classificação , Classificação , Côte d'Ivoire , Ciclopropanos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Cah. santé publique ; : 1-15, 2006. ilus
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1260231

RESUMO

Afin d'améliorer l'accès aux antirétroviraux dans les pays à ressources limitées, l'OMS recommande des schémas thérapeutiques simplifiés pour permettre une mise en œuvre efficace des programmes de traitement dans ces pays tout en limitant les dépenses. Cependant le choix de l'un de ces schémas thérapeutiques devrait intervenir au niveau national. L'étude est une modélisation de l'aide à la décision thérapeutique et pharmaco-économique basée sur le logiciel-modèle Puzzle du Laboratoire d'Analyse des Systèmes de Santé de Lyon (France). Notre objectif principal est d'établir une classification préférentielle de ces trithérapies en fonction du paramètre coût-efficacité dans la prise en charge du VIH/SIDA dans ces pays. Les différentes options de trithérapies ont été groupées en plusieurs stratégies thérapeutiques selon les critères suivants: âge du patient, type de VIH, co-infection VIH/tuberculose, grossesse ou risque de grossesse, type de toxicité et substitution, échec thérapeutique. Nous avons retenu sept principaux critères de comparaison entre les différentes trithérapies. Ces critères sont inspirés des recommandations de l'OMS pour un choix efficient. Il s'agit de : l'efficacité, la toxicité, la surveillance biologique de la tolérance, la facilité ou la complexité de la prise quotidienne, l'effet repas, la chaîne de froid, le coût du traitement journalier de la trithérapie. Ces critères ont un lien direct ou indirect avec les résultats thérapeutiques et le coût global de la prise en charge médicamenteuse du VIH/SIDA. Les résultats fournis par le logiciel se présentent sous forme d'échelle coût-efficacité évoluant de la trithérapie la moins coût/efficace à la trithérapie la plus coût-efficace dans une stratégie thérapeutique donnée


Assuntos
Antirretrovirais/administração & dosagem , Antirretrovirais/economia , Antirretrovirais/uso terapêutico , Coinfecção , Países em Desenvolvimento , Infecções por HIV/terapia , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Tuberculose
5.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1264270

RESUMO

La devaluation du franc CFA en 1994 a entraine une flambee des prix des medicaments. La solution ivoirienne fut l'intensification; en accord avec des textes legislatifs; de la politique des medicaments generiques. Le but de notre travail est dans un premier temps de recenser les classes pharmaco- therapeutiques des medicaments generiques proposes afin d'apprecier si ceux-ci sont adaptes a la liste des medicaments essentiels du Ministere charge de la sante puis dans un deuxieme temps d'etudier lescaracteristiques pharmacologiques decrits dans les dossiers d'enregistrement de ces medicaments generiques afin d'apprecier leur interchangeabilite avec les specialites de reference. A cet effet; nous avons procede a une etude transversale descriptive portant sur les dossiers techniques et administratifs de 384 medicaments generiques enregistres en Cote d'Ivoire. Il ressort de cette analyse que les medicaments generiques sont majoritairement des antibiotiques; des antiinflammatoires non steroidiens ou desantiparasitaires. Leur mode de preparation est decrit; les matieres premieres ainsi que les produits finis sont controlees et ces generiques ont une bonne stabilite et une bonne etancheite. Si la conformite de la forme galenique est presque exclusivement respectee; il n'en est pas ainsi pour la composition qualitative et quantitative en principe actif ; en effet; pour les principes actifs sous forme de sels; dans 18des cas le sel n'est pas identique a celui de la specialite d'origine ; de meme; 7.6des generiques - sels ne iberent pas la meme quantite de principe actif base que la specialite de reference. Il y a quelques fois conformite des excipients ; toutefois; dans 14des cas; les excipients a effet notoire presents dans la specialite de reference medicament generique


Assuntos
Côte d'Ivoire , Medicamentos Genéricos
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