Molecular characterization of recombinant mus a 5 allergen from banana fruit.

Allergy to banana fruit appears to have become an important cause of fruit allergy in Europe. Among five allergens that have been found, beta-1,3-glucanase denoted as Mus a 5 was identified as a candidate allergen for the component-resolved allergy diagnosis of banana allergy. Because of the variations in protein levels in banana fruit, in this study Mus a 5 was produced as a fusion protein with glutathione-S-transferase in Escherichia coli. The recombinant Mus a 5 was purified under native conditions by a combination of affinity, ion-exchange, and reversed phase chromatography. N-terminal sequence was confirmed by Edman degradation and 55 % of the primary structure was identified by mass fingerprint, while the secondary structure was assessed by circular dichroism spectroscopy. IgG reactivity of recombinant protein was shown in 2-D immunoblot with anti-Mus a 5 antibodies, while IgG and IgE binding to natural Mus a 5 was inhibited with the recombinant Mus a 5 in immunoblot inhibition test. IgE reactivity of recombinant Mus a 5 was shown in ELISA within a group of ten persons sensitized to banana fruit. Recombinant Mus a 5 is a novel reagent suitable for the component-resolved allergy diagnosis of banana allergy.

Employment of colorimetric enzyme assay for monitoring expression and solubility of GST fusion proteins targeted to inclusion bodies.

High levels of recombinant protein expression can lead to the formation of insoluble inclusion bodies. These complex aggregates are commonly solubilized in strong denaturants, such as 6-8M urea, although, if possible, solubilization under milder conditions could facilitate subsequent refolding and purification of bioactive proteins. Commercially available GST-tag assays are designed for quantitative measurement of GST activity under native conditions. GST fusion proteins accumulated in inclusion bodies are considered to be undetectable by such assays. In this work, solubilization of recombinantly produced proteins was performed in 4M urea. The activity of rGST was assayed in 2M urea and it was shown that rGST preserves 85% of its activity under such denaturing conditions. A colorimetric GST activity assay with 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) was examined for use in rapid detection of expression targeted to inclusion bodies and for the identification of inclusion body proteins which can be solubilized in low concentrations of chaotropic agents. Applicability of the assay was evaluated by tracking protein expression of two GST-fused allergens of biopharmaceutical value in E. coli, GST-Der p 2 and GST-Mus a 5, both targeted to inclusion bodies.