Photodynamic therapy associated final irrigation in root canals of the primary teeth.

The aim of this study was to analyze, in vitro, the reduction of Enterococcus faecalis in root canals of primary teeth after final irrigation and photodynamic therapy (PDT) use. Twenty primary molars were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. The teeth were randomly distributed into four groups according to the irrigation solutions and PDT use: G1 (Saline solution and no PDT use), G2 (17 % EDTA and no PDT use), G3 (Saline solution and PDT use) and G4 (17 % EDTA and PDT use). For PDT, 0.005 % toluidine blue was chosen as the photosensitizer, which was inserted in the canals with sterile paper cones. Bacterial counts were performed with a BHI test in blood agar plate, where bacteria were collected inside the canal for 30 s using sterile paper cones. The collection took place before and after the irrigation and PDT protocols. The samples were diluted, spread onto a blood agar plate and then incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. There was a reduction of the microbiota from the irrigation solutions before and after the final irrigation for all groups. It was observed a statistically significant reduction (p < 0,05) when PDT was used (97.6 % at the saline solution and 89.8 % at the 17 % EDTA) when compared to the groups with no PDT use. Our data demonstrated that PDT, according to the parameters used, increased the disinfection performance of the solutions tested in the root canals of primary teeth.

Craneosinostosis sindrómica: Características craneodentofaciales, tratamiento ortodón-tico-quirúrgico y factores asociados a tipos de síndrome / Craniossinostose sindrômica: Características craniodentofaciais, tratamento ortodônti-co-cirúrgico e fatores associados aos tipos de síndrome / Syndromic Craniosynostosis: Craniodentofacial features, orthodontic-surgical treatment and factors associated to types of syndrome

Objetivos: Describir las características craneodentofaciales, tratamientos ortodónticos-quirúrgicos y establecer una aso-ciación entre los tipos de síndrome presentes en pacientes con craneosinostosis sindrómica (CS). Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de registros médicos y de ortodoncia de pacientes con CS. Los datos se recogieron en una forma específica y se sometieron a un análisis estadístico descriptivo para observar la distribución de frecuencias y se utilizó la prueba de Chi cuadrado con un nivel de significación del 5% para asociar el síndrome y los tipos de variables. Resultados: El síndrome de Crouzon fue el tipo predominante (59.2%) y la braquicefalia fue el tipo más frecuente de craneosinostosis (63.6%). Hubo una asociación significativa entre las variables braquicefalia (p = 0,014), presencia de paladar hendido (p = 0,043), mordida cruzada posterior (p = 0,013), distracción osteogénica realizada por elásticos intermaxilares (p = 0,030), barra de Erich (p = 0.007) y la extracción (p = 0.041) y los síndromes estudiados. Conclusión: Los pacientes con CS a menudo tienen cambios craneodentofaciais y algunas variables tienen asociaciones significativas en relación con los tipos de síndromes.

Objectives: Describe the craniodentofacial characteristics, orthodontic-surgical treatments and establish an association between the syndrome types present in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis (SC). Material and methods: Retros-pective study of medical and orthodontic records of patients with SC. Data was collected on a specific form and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis to observe the distribution of frequencies and chi-square test with level of significance of 5% was used to associate syndrome and the types of variables. Results: Crouzon syndrome was the predominant type (59.2%) and brachycephalia was the most prevalent type of craniosynostosis (63.6%). There was a significant association between the variables brachycephaly (p=0.014), presence of cleft palate (p=0.043), posterior cross bite (p=0.013), distrac-tion osteogenesis performed by intermaxillary elastics (p= 0.030), Erich bar (p= 0.007) and extraction (p=0.041) and the syndromes studied. Conclusion: Patients with SC often have craniodentofaciais changes and some variables had signifi-cant associations in relation to the types of syndromes.

Descrever as características craniodentofaciais, tratamentos ortodôntico-cirúrgicos e estabelecer uma associação entre os tipos de síndrome presentes em pacientes com craniossinostose sindrômica (CS). Material e métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de prontuários médicos e ortodônticos de pacientes com CS. Os dados foram coletados em formulário específico e submetidos à análise estatística descritiva para observar a distribuição das frequências e o teste qui-quadrado com nível de significância de 5% foi utilizado para associar a síndrome e os tipos de variáveis. Resultados: A síndrome de Crouzon foi o tipo predominante (59,2%) e a braquicefalia foi o tipo mais prevalente de craniossinostose (63,6%). Houve associação significativa entre as variáveis braquicefalia (p = 0,014), presença de fissura de palato (p = 0,043), mordida cruzada posterior (p = 0,013), distração osteogênica realizada pelos elásticos intermaxilares (p = 0,030), barra de Erich (p= 0,007) e extração (p = 0,041) e as síndromes estudadas. Conclusão: Pacientes com CS frequentemente apresentam alterações craniodentofaciais e algumas variáveis apresentaram associações significativas em relação aos tipos de síndromes.