RESUMO
Diarrhea remains a real public health problem as it is the second leading cause of under-five mortality. In tropical environments, studies show several factors contributing to the frequency and severity of diarrhea. It is in this context that the present study of the factors favoring diarrheal diseases in children from 0 to 5 years old has been carried out. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional cluster survey involving 200 mothers of 0-5 year-old children from November 2015 to October 2016. The Pearson Chi2 test was used with a 95% confidence level. RESULTS: Married women accounted for 85.5% of our sample, 47% of whom had no education. Of the mothers surveyed, 17% of their children had had at least one episode of diarrhea in the two weeks before the survey. Almost all mothers (94%) washed their hands before feeding their children and 13% did not do so after cleaning the children. Regarding the cleanliness of the concession, it was bad in 23.5%. The majority of mothers (51%) did not know the significance of diarrhea, 43% reported the means of transmission, and 28% had inadequate practice in managing diarrhea. Some factors favor the occurrence of diarrhea such as: mixed breastfeeding that was statistically significant (p = 0.014), as well as poor hand hygiene practices (p = 0.027) and concessions (p = 0.000), as well as than the bad knowledge of the subject (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Our study shows that diarrhea was a disease of the hands rooms, hence the interest of strengthening the awareness of mothers for best practices for behavior change.
Les diarrhées demeurent un véritable problème de santé publique parce qu'elles constituent la deuxième cause de mortalité des moins de 5 ans. En milieu tropical, des études montrent plusieurs facteurs concourent à la fréquence et à la gravité des diarrhées. C'est dans ce contexte que la présente étude a été réalisée avec objectif de déterminer les facteurs favorisant les maladies diarrhéiques chez les enfants de 0 à 5 ans. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES: Etude transversale par sondage en grappe ayant concerné 200 mères d'enfant de 0-5 ans, de novembre 2015 à octobre 2016. Le test de Chi2 de Pearson a été utilisé avec un niveau de confiance de 95%. Résultats : Les femmes mariées représentaient 85,5% de notre échantillon dont 47% n'avaient reçu aucune instruction. Parmi les mères interrogées, 17% de leurs enfants avaient présenté au moins un épisode de diarrhée dans les deux semaines ayant précédé l'enquête. Presque toutes les mères (94%) se lavaient les mains avant d'alimenter leurs enfants et 13% ne le font pas après le nettoyage des enfants. Concernant la propreté de la concession, elle était mauvaise dans 23,5%. La majorité des mères (51%) ne connaissait pas la signification de la diarrhée, 43% les moyens de sa transmission et 28% avait une pratique inadéquate de la prise en charge de la diarrhée. Certains facteurs favoriseraient la survenue de la diarrhée comme : l'allaitement mixte avec (p = 0,014), de même que les mauvaises pratiques d'hygiène des mains (p =0,027)et des concessions (p = 0,000), ainsi que les mauvaises connaissances du sujet (p = 0,000). CONCLUSION: Notre étude montre que la diarrhée était une maladie des mains salles, d'où l'intérêt de renforcer la sensibilisation des mères pour de meilleures pratiques en faveur du changement de comportement.
RESUMO
OBJECT: Studying the Epidemiological and clinical profile of accidents on public ways at the welcome service of emergencies, CHU Gabriel Touré within the scope of accident reduction on public ways and an improvement of their taking in charge. METHODOLOGY: Retro prospective study over a three-year- period including all the files of any patient emitted for accident happening on public ways without regard to race and sex. RESULT: Over a three-year-period (from January 2007 to December 2009). Our team has analized 2450 hospitalization files with a follow-up going from 0 to 45 days. The most concerned ages range from 15 to 29 years (43 per cent) with a male predominance (81 per cent). The mechanism motorcycles-pedestrians (30.9 per cent) was the most represented. The mains lesions observed were cranial traumatisms (58.9 per cent), followed with fractures of limbs (13.5 per cent). Death-rate has been risen at the level of young men above all (from 15 to 29 years) and it was mainly due to cranial traumatisms. CONCLUSION: Accidents on public ways represent a keen problem in matter of public health. The taking in charge of the curse should be very urgent. Information, communication and education of all the professional and social stratums seem necessary.