Anatomical variants of the celiac trunk.

AIM OF THE STUDY: Determine the anatomical variants of the celiac trunk and describe it in its modal form using a scanner. PATIENTS: In total, 200 patients were included in this study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out using a multi-detector scanner (SIEMENS Somatom Emotion Excel Edition, 16 bars). The two-dimensional and three-dimensional reconstructions by volume were made with the OSIRIX software. It was a retrospective study. The study had taken into account the result of the abdominal scanners injected carried out from December 15, 2018 to February 15, 2019 i.e. 14 months (1 year 2 months). RESULTS: A predominance of type I of UFLACKER is 93.50% with a rate of change from normal of 6.50%. A vertebral projection of the origin of the celiac trunk at the level of the T12-L1 intervertebral disc was observed in 52.80%. An existence of collateral branches in 7.5% of cases. Other terminal branches apart from the three classics were found in 8.5% of the cases. CONCLUSION: These variants deserve special attention in the case of a pre-therapeutic vascular assessment for the surgical or interventional management of tumors and trauma of the supra-meso-colic viscera or even for organ transplantation.

Multiple variations of collateral branches of the abdominal aorta associated with pyelic duplication: A case report.

PURPOSE: We describe a rare case of anatomical variation of the collaterals of the abdominal aorta associated with a duplication of the pyelic. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A 51-year-old patient in whom an abdominal CT scan was performed as part of the exploration of a cystic left renal mass objectified on ultrasound. RESULTS: A celiomesenteric trunk with two left renal arteries and a duplication of the left pyelon were found. CONCLUSION: The reported case is of interest in the rare association of these anatomical variants.

[Study of the prevalence of neonatal thyroid disturbances in Benin]. / Etude de la prevalence des perturbations thyroïdiennes neonatales au Benin.

OBJECTIVE: Observing the concentrations of free thyroxine (FT4) and thyrotropin (TSH), in infants born in Cotonou, Benin to establish the profile of neonatal thyroid disturbance. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: The detection of thyroid immune status was done by measuring the antibodies to thyroglobulin (Tg Ab Anti) and Antibody and Anti Thyroperoxidase (Anti TPO Ab) ratio. Blood was collected from 177 neonates aged 0 to 7 days. RESULTS: We measured free thyroxine, thyrotropin , and antibodies to thyroglobulin, Anti Thyroperoxidase and detected a prevalence of dysfunction of the thyroid gland in neonates is from 28% for hypothyroidism, 2.25% of hyperthyroidism. Among hypothyroid, there was a frank hypothyroidism of 53%, hypothyroidism in 25% Primary, secondary hypothyroidism of 20% and hypothyroidism unspecified 2%. Also 73.33% of hypothyroid shows an antibody against thyroglobulin above the threshold of normality and 41.18% of euthyroid have a high Anti thyroglobulin Antibody This allows us to suggest lymphocytic thyroiditis. CONCLUSION: The results of our studies show the onset of thyroid disease after neonatal hypothyroidism very pronounced. This is probably due to a transfer of the Anti- thyroglobulin Antibody of maternal origin to the fetus during pregnancy.

BUT: La détermination des concentrations de thyroxine libre (T4 libre) et de thyrotropine (TSH), chez 177 nouveaux nés âgés de 0 à 7 jours à Cotonou au Bénin a permis d'établir le profil de perturbations thyroïdiennes néonatales. MATÉRIELS ET MÉTHODE: L'état thyroïdien immunitaire a été mis en évidence par le dosage des anticorps anti thyroglobuline (Ac Anti Tg) et Anticorps anti Thyroperoxydase (Ac Anti TPO). RÉSULTATS: La prévalence du dysfonctionnement de la glande thyroïde chez les nouveaux nés a été de 28% d'hypothyroïdie et 2,25 % d'hyperthyroïdie. Parmi les hypothyroïdiens, on note une hypothyroïdie franche de 53%, une hypothyroïdie primaire de 25%, une hypothyroïdie secondaire de 20% et une hypothyroïdie indéterminée de 2%. Aussi 73,33% des hypothyroïdiens présentent-ils un taux d'anticorps anti thyroglobulines supérieur au seuil de la normalité et 41,18% des euthyroïdiens, un taux élevé d'anticorps anti thyroglobulines. Ceci a permis de suggérer une thyroïdite lymphocytaire. CONCLUSION: Les résultats des travaux ont montré l'apparition des affections thyroïdiennes néonatales par une l'hypothyroïdie très prononcée. Celle-ci est probablement due à un transfert de l'anticorps anti thyroglobuline d'origine maternelle vers le fœtus pendant la gestation.

Onchocerca volvulus-specific antibody and cytokine responses in onchocerciasis patients after 16 years of repeated ivermectin therapy.

The recommended control option against onchocerciasis is repeated ivermectin treatment, which will need to be implemented for decades, and it remains unknown how repeated ivermectin therapy might affect immunity against Onchocerca volvulus in the long term. O. volvulus-specific antibody reactivity and cellular cytokine production were investigated in onchocerciasis patients receiving ivermectin (150 microg/kg) annually for 16 years. In treated patients, the T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine interleukin (IL)-5 and T regulatory IL-10 in response to O. volvulus antigen (OvAg) and bacteria-derived Streptolysin O (SL-O) diminished to levels found in infection-free endemic controls; also, cellular release of Th1-type interferon (IFN)-gamma at 16 years post initial ivermectin treatment (p.i.t.) approached control levels. In ivermectin-treated onchocerciasis patients, IL-5 production in responses to the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) decreased, but IL-10 in response PHA increased, and neither attained the cytokine production levels of endemic controls. At 16 years p.i.t., O. volvulus-specific IgG1 and IgG4 subclass reactivity still persisted at higher levels in onchocerciasis patients than in O. volvulus exposed but microfilariae-free endemic controls. In addition, cytokine responses remained depressed in onchocerciasis patients infected concurrently with Mansonella perstans and Necator americanus or Entamoeba histolytica/dispar. Thus, long-term ivermectin therapy of onchocerciasis may not suffice to re-establish fully a balanced Th1 and Th2 immune responsiveness in O. volvulus microfilariae-negative individuals. Such deficient reconstitution of immune competence may be due to an as yet continuing and uncontrolled reinfection with O. volvulus, but parasite co-infections can also bias and may prevent the development of such immunity.