RESUMO
The herpes simplex virus, also known as HSV, is an important human pathogen. Acyclovir (ACV) is the first-line antiviral for the treatment of HSV infections; nevertheless HSV resistance to ACV has been increasingly reported and, therefore, search for alternative drugs have been encouraged. Herein, the effect of Cucumis melo sulfated pectin (SPCm) was evaluated in the HSV-1 infection. Pectin cytotoxicity and its antiherpetic action were determined by assays of MTT and plaque reduction, respectively. The SPCm concentration that reduced the cell viability by 50% (CC50) was 1440 µg/mL, while the concentration that reduced PFU in 50% (IC50) was 6 µg/mL against ACV-sensitive (KOS) strain and 12 µg/mL for ACV-resistant (AR-29) strain. The pectin showed high selectivity index (SI) for both viral strains. Therefore, we suggest that SPCm has been effective for HSV-1, strenghten by viral protein and DNA syntheses inhibition. In conclusion, we have found that SPCm is a promising alternative compound to control HSV infection.
Assuntos
Antivirais/farmacologia , Cucumis melo/química , Herpesvirus Humano 1/efeitos dos fármacos , Pectinas/farmacologia , Aciclovir/farmacologia , Animais , Antivirais/isolamento & purificação , Chlorocebus aethiops , Farmacorresistência Viral/efeitos dos fármacos , Herpes Simples/virologia , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Pectinas/isolamento & purificação , Células Vero , Replicação Viral/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Mangiferin is found in many plant species as the mango tree (Mangifera indica) with ethnopharmacological applications and scientific evidence. The emergence of resistant herpes simplex virus (HSV) strains to Acyclovir (ACV) has encouraged the search for new drugs. We investigated the in vitro and in vivo activity of mangiferin obtained from M. indica against ACV-resistant HSV-1 (AR-29) and sensitive (KOS) strains. The in vitro activity was performed under varying treatment protocols. The substance showed a CC50 > 500 µg/mL and IC50 of 2.9 µg/mL and 3.5 µg/mL, respectively, for the AR-29 and KOS strains. The in vivo activity was performed in Balb/c mice treated with 0.7% topical mangiferin formulation. This formulation inhibited most effectively the AR-29 strain, attenuated the lesions, postponed their appearance or enhanced healing, in comparison to control group. We demonstrated the potentiality of mangiferin from M. indica to control HSV replication with emphasis to ACV-resistant infection.